Hodoni
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Hodoni Hodon Hodony |
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| Basic data | |||||
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| State : |
 Romania
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| Historical region : | Banat | ||||
| Circle : | Timiș | ||||
| Municipality : | Satchinez | ||||
| Coordinates : | 45 ° 54 ' N , 21 ° 5' E | ||||
| Time zone : | EET ( UTC +2) | ||||
| Postal code : | 307367 | ||||
| Telephone code : | (+40) 02 56 | ||||
| License plate : | TM | ||||
| Structure and administration | |||||
| Community type : | Village | ||||
Hodoni ( German Hodon , Hungarian Hodony ) is a village in Timiș County , Banat , Romania . Hodoni belongs to the Satchinez parish .
location
Hodoni is on the Timișoara - Valcani railway line , about 20 km northwest of Timișoara.
Neighboring places
| Satchinez | Bărăteaz | Călacea |
| Biled |
.svg)
|
Carani |
| Becicherecu Mic | Dudestii Noi | Sânandrei |
etymology
The village was first mentioned in a document in 1480 under the name "Odon". In the chamber registers from 1717 "Hodogu" was listed with 15 houses. "Hodon" is entered on the Mercy map from 1723 to 1725 and "Odoign" is listed in the records from 1770 to 1780. In 1840 the "Hodony" estate was acquired by Count Georg Manaszy.
history
Archaeological finds show that the village was inhabited as early as the Neolithic . Artifacts from the time of the Vinča and Tisza cultures were seized. After the Peace of Passarowitz on July 21, 1718, after 164 years of Turkish rule, the Banat was attached to the Habsburg Monarchy and, as the imperial crown and chamber domain, was subordinated to the Vienna government. The development of the community is closely linked to the colonization in the 18th century. First came Romanians from Sanktandreas and from the Fagoras region. A Romanian school with nine pupils is mentioned in 1788/89. The first Germans came from the surrounding villages in 1843 by internal migration. The then landlord Georg Mamossy settled the Germans in order to ensure the cultivation of tobacco on his estate.
In 1812 Count Manaszy purchased the estate. He adopted the suffix "von Hodony". In 1840 the manorial fort of the count family was built. The fort had numerous outbuildings as well as parks with trees and avenues. After 1874 the property was successively owned by several families. As a result of the Austro-Hungarian settlement in February 1867, the Banat came under Hungarian administration internally . A huge wave of Magyarization began, which peaked at the beginning of the 20th century. In 1877, Hodon became the property of Archduke Johann Salvator of Austria-Tuscany . In 1879 Bela and Geza Erös are the owners of the property and in 1888 Johann and Michael Kastory bought the estate. During the Second World War, the Timisoara trader Toma Surlaş acquired the property. In the 1960s, the manor and homestead fell to the state as a result of nationalization. Here the local administration of the agro-industrial combine Timiș (Romanian: Combinatul agro-industrial Timiș , abbreviated COMTIM ) was housed. In 2004 it was returned to the former owners. Today the fort is a tourist attraction in the region.
On June 4, 1920, the Banat was divided into three parts as a result of the Treaty of Trianon . The largest, eastern part, to which Hodon also belonged, fell to the Kingdom of Romania .
As a result of the Waffen-SS Agreement of May 12, 1943 between the Antonescu government and Hitler's Germany , all men of German origin who were conscripted into the German army. Before the end of the war, in January 1945, all ethnic German women between the ages of 18 and 30 and men between the ages of 16 and 45 were deported to the Soviet Union for reconstruction work .
The Land Reform Act of March 23, 1945 , which provided for the expropriation of German farmers in Romania, deprived the rural population of their livelihoods. The expropriated land was distributed to smallholders, farm workers and colonists from other parts of the country. The collectivization of agriculture was initiated in the early 1950s . Through the nationalization law of June 11, 1948 , which provided for the nationalization of all industrial and commercial enterprises, banks and insurance companies, the expropriation of all economic enterprises took place regardless of ethnicity.
Demographics
| census | Ethnicity | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| year | Residents | Romanians | Hungary | German | Other | |||
| 1880 | 1507 | 757 | 24 | 707 | 19th | |||
| 1910 | 1336 | 719 | 40 | 576 | 1 | |||
| 1930 | 1176 | 568 | 17th | 584 | 7th | |||
| 1977 | 1225 | 1015 | 13 | 184 | 13 | |||
| 2002 | 1183 | 1118 | 20th | 11 | 34 | |||
Personalities
- Vicențiu Babeş (1821–1907), lawyer, publicist, politician, father of Victor Babeş .
- Johann Zornek (1928–2005), musician, music teacher, orchestra leader
literature
- Elke Hoffmann, Peter-Dietmar Leber and Walter Wolf : The Banat and the Banat Swabians. Volume 5. Cities and Villages , Media Group Universal Grafische Betriebe München GmbH, Munich, 2011, 670 pages, ISBN 3-922979-63-7 .
Web links
- Banat Actuality , Baratzhausen and Hodon
Individual evidence
- ^ Arheology şi istorie. Descoperiri din Banat , Hodoni (comuna Satchinez, judeţul Timiş)
- ↑ a b Hodon story ( Memento from January 8, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Conacul Hodoni
- ↑ E. Árpád Forrás Varga: Temes megye településeinek etnikai (anyanyelvi / nemzetiségi) adatai 1880-2002. (PDF; 982 kB) (Romanian, German: Statistics of the number of inhabitants by ethnic group in the Timiș district according to the census 1880–2002)