Darova

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Darova
Darowa,
Daruvár crane sites
Darova does not have a coat of arms
Darova (Romania)
Paris plan pointer b jms.svg
Basic data
State : RomaniaRomania Romania
Historical region : Banat
Circle : Timiș
Coordinates : 45 ° 39 '  N , 21 ° 46'  E Coordinates: 45 ° 38 '31 "  N , 21 ° 46' 24"  E
Time zone : EET ( UTC +2)
Area : 104.59  km²
Residents : 3,049 (October 20, 2011)
Population density : 29 inhabitants per km²
Postal code : 307140
Telephone code : (+40) 02 56
License plate : TM
Structure and administration (as of 2016)
Community type : local community
Mayor : Sorin Tilihoi ( PNL )
Postal address : Str. Principală, no. 152
loc. Darova, jud. Timiș, RO-307140

Darova ( German  Darowa , Kranichstätten , Hungarian Daruvár ) is a municipality in Timiș County , in the Banat region , in southwest Romania .

location

Location of Darova in Timiș County

Darowa is located in the northeastern part of the Romanian Banat, in the east of the Timis County, on the border with the Caraș-Severin County , 13.5 kilometers south of the city of Lugoj . It is 5.5 kilometers to the Boldur train station in the north of the Timisoara-Lugosch railway line.

Neighboring places

Drǎgoieşti Ohaba Forgaci Boldur
Buziaș Neighboring communities Victor Vlad Delamarina
Sacoșu Mare Visag Petroasa Mare

Surname

Darova at the time of the Josephine land survey (1769–1772)

The village was named after the royal commissioner of the Timisoara county who was in office at the time of its founding, "Count Johann Jankovits de Daruvar". The later attempt to introduce the German name Kranichstätten did not prevail.

history

The establishment of the village Darowa took place during the third Swabian procession (1786) under Emperor Joseph II . The first settlers came from Baden-Württemberg and Silesia . Later immigrants came from central and southern Germany , the Bohemian - Moravian region, Slovakia and Hungary . In 1812 56 German families from Gottschee settled in Darova.

Until 1526 the settlement belonged to the Kingdom of Hungary and during the Ottoman rule (1526–1718) to the Vilâyet Timișoara. From 1718 to 1778 the village was part of the Habsburg crown domain Temescher Banat . In 1778 the Banat was awarded to the Kingdom of Hungary by Empress Maria Theresa . From 1849 to 1860 it was part of an independent crown land of the Voivodeship of Serbia and Temescher Banat .

After the Austro-Hungarian Compromise (1867), the Banat was annexed to the Kingdom of Hungary within the dual monarchy of Austria-Hungary . At the beginning of the 20th century, the law for the Magyarization of place names (Ga. 4/1898) was applied. The official place name was Daruvár . The Hungarian place names remained valid in the Kingdom of Romania until the administrative reform of 1923 when the Romanian place names were introduced.

The Treaty of Trianon on June 4, 1920 resulted in the Banat being divided into three parts , whereby Darova fell to the Kingdom of Romania .

Church and school

The majority of Darova's residents belonged to the Roman Catholic Church . The Catholic parish was founded in 1786 and there was a prayer house here until 1870. The current church was built between 1870 and 1871. In 1935 the church received an organ. The new organ was supplied by Hans Egler from Sackelhausen . There is also a valuable and sonorous harmonium from Vienna on the gallery . After the last Germans were resettled in 1994, the Roman Catholic Church was handed over to the Greek Catholic community .

Darowa initially had a denominational community school. The clergy supervised the schools and gave religious instruction. After the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867, the school was nationalized and classes were held in the Hungarian language. After the Banat was divided into three as a result of the Treaty of Trianon and the annexation to Romania in 1918, the German language was reintroduced as the language of instruction. After the Second World War, the school also got a Romanian department.

economy

From the beginning, the people of Darowa practiced agriculture and animal husbandry . Grain cultivation took up a large part of agriculture, first wheat, then rye and maize as a root crop. In some cases, sunflowers, tobacco and sugar beets were also grown. Almost every family had a vineyard and thus secured their house wine. The vegetable and fruit growing was limited to the house gardens and served the own supply. The surplus could be sold on the market in Lugoj. The keeping of animals was also limited to family needs. Many families had a cow for their own needs and one or two pigs were slaughtered in each house a year. Alongside pigs, poultry was the main source of meat for the household. After the collectivization of agriculture in 1959, most of the Darowa people were employed in the agricultural production cooperative .

The craft began to develop gradually from the turn of the century (1900). Between 1927 and 1945 there were about 24 threshing machines in the village and the first hinge factory was opened in the 1930s . After 1960 the Darowa craftsmen were very much appreciated. So many bricklayers and painters worked in distant Romanian villages. In the 1980s Darowa was enriched by a new branch of industry, mining . In the meantime, coal production has been discontinued due to unprofitability.

Various products from their own farm were sold to other villagers or at the Lugoj market. The first Darowa cooperative was founded in 1937 for better marketing. In the inter-war period there were three inns and six grocery stores in Darowa. After the founding of the consumer cooperative in 1949, trade was mainly handled by this unit.

In 1968, when Darowa became the community center, the community received its own switchboard. In the same year an outpatient clinic with two doctors and a dentist was set up.

Sons and daughters of the church

  • Martin Metz (1933–2003), Romanian-German composer and church musician
  • Peter Rohr (1881–1956), Romanian-German composer and conductor

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ 2011 census in Romania at citypopulation.de
  2. ↑ Mayoral elections 2016 in Romania ( MS Excel ; 256 kB)
  3. ^ Gerhard Seewann : History of the Germans in Hungary , Volume 2 1860 to 2006, Herder Institute, Marburg 2012
  4. ↑ edition-musik-suedost.de , Darowa