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Bethausen
Bethausen
Bethlenháza
Bethausen does not have a coat of arms
Prayer houses (Romania)
Paris plan pointer b jms.svg
Basic data
State : RomaniaRomania Romania
Historical region : Banat
Circle : Timiș
Coordinates : 45 ° 50 '  N , 21 ° 58'  E Coordinates: 45 ° 50 '5 "  N , 21 ° 57' 35"  E
Time zone : EET ( UTC +2)
Height : 117  m
Area : 90.27  km²
Residents : 3,057 (October 20, 2011)
Population density : 34 inhabitants per km²
Postal code : 307050
Telephone code : (+40) 02 56
License plate : TM
Structure and administration (as of 2016)
Community type : local community
Structure : Prayer houses, Leucuşeşti , Cladova
Mayor : Lihoni Ioan ( PSD )
Postal address : Str. Principală, no. 66 houses of
prayer, jud. Timiş, RO-307050
Website :
Location of prayer houses in Timiș County
The Bega at Bethausen
Bethausen station (1901)

Bethausen ( German  Bethausen , Hungarian Bethlenháza , colloquially Bethlenhaas ) is a community in the northeast of the Timiș district , in the Banat region , in southwest Romania .

location

Prayer house is located 23 km northeast of Lugoj . The neighboring villages are Cladova in the north, Leucuşeşti in the east, Cliciova in the south and Cutina in the west.

Neighboring places

Bara Ohaba Lunga Topla
Ghizela Neighboring communities Mănăştiur
Balinț Cliciova Traian Viua

history

Prayer house was founded in 1883 by German settlers who came from the large community of Zichydorf (today Plandište ) in Torontál County. When it was founded, the place was named Bethlenháza after the property manager Count Bethlen, who gave the settlers field next to the municipality of Cladova. The settlers came mainly from Swabia , Alsace , Lorraine and Bohemia . At first, Bethlenháza was exclusively inhabited by Germans, later Hungarians were added and, after the Banat was divided into three as a result of the Treaty of Trianon (1920), Romanians from Arad County also lived there . When Bethlenháza fell to Romania in 1920 as a result of the Treaty of Trianon , the place should be renamed Beclita . However, the German residents submitted an application to change the name to Prayer Houses. With the support of the delegate Heinrich User from Lugoj, the municipal council decided that the parish was renamed Prayer House. The then sub-prefect of Cornel Groșovean County supported this decision and the ministry officially approved the renaming.

As a result of the Waffen-SS Agreement of May 12, 1943 between the Antonescu government and Hitler's Germany , all men of German origin who were conscripted into the German army. Before the end of the war, in January 1945, all women of German origin between 18 and 30 and men between the ages of 16 and 45 were deported to the Soviet Union for reconstruction work . The Land Reform Act of March 23, 1945 , which provided for the expropriation of German farmers in Romania, deprived the rural population of their livelihoods.

Church and school

One of the first emergencies after the settlement was the building of a school. Until the completion of the construction work in 1884, the lessons took place in a private house. Today's school was built in 1912 and expanded in 1965/66.

The first church in Bethausen was completed at the end of 1885. The present church was built in 1937 and consecrated by Bishop Augustin Pacha on October 24th . The main altar depicts St. Wendelin , the patron saint of the church. On the left is the side altar with St. Anthony and on the right the pulpit. Until after 1900, all residents of prayer houses were Roman Catholic.

economy

The population was engaged in agriculture and animal husbandry . In addition, were artisans represented in average high number. In 1924 the community notary Adolf Dobrov obtained permission to hold a fair three times a year . Economic and spiritual life in the village reached its peak in the interwar period.

The agricultural reform of 1945 began the decline of the farming community. In the years that followed, agriculture was collectivized . The Agricultural Production Cooperative (LPG) was founded in 1952 after the machines and tractor stations (SMT) had already been built in 1951 . The remaining land was administered by the state-owned company GAS . A vocational school was established to train mechanics. In 1954 the community was electrified.

Demographics

Census (1880–2002 for prayer houses themselves) Ethnicity
year Residents Romanians Hungary German Other
1880 546 13 104 399 30th
1910 1020 144 248 605 23
1930 886 143 132 568 43
1977 865 576 87 197 5
2002 909 784 35 14th 76
2011 3057 2781 38 14th 224

See also

literature

  • Elke Hoffmann, Peter-Dietmar Leber and Walter Wolf : The Banat and the Banat Swabians. Volume 5. Cities and Villages , Media Group Universal Grafische Betriebe Munich, Munich 2011, ISBN 3-922979-63-7 .
  • Michael Griffel: Settlement history of the Bethausen community , Lugoj 1927.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b 2011 census in Romania ( MS Excel ; 1.3 MB)
  2. ↑ Mayoral elections 2016 in Romania ( MS Excel ; 256 kB)
  3. ↑ Population figures in Timiș County according to censuses from 1880 - 2002 , (Hungarian; PDF; 982 kB)