Iecea Mare

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Iecea Mare
Grossjetscha
Nagyjecsa
Iecea Mare does not have a coat of arms
Iecea Mare (Romania)
Paris plan pointer b jms.svg
Basic data
State : RomaniaRomania Romania
Historical region : Banat
Circle : Timiș
Coordinates : 45 ° 51 '  N , 20 ° 53'  E Coordinates: 45 ° 50 '58 "  N , 20 ° 53' 9"  E
Time zone : EET ( UTC +2)
Height : 87  m
Area : 35.31  km²
Residents : 2,231 (October 20, 2011)
Population density : 63 inhabitants per km²
Postal code : 307091
Telephone code : (+40) 02 56
License plate : TM
Structure and administration (as of 2016)
Community type : local community
Mayor : Liviu Ștefan Tomulea ( PSD )
Postal address : Str. Principală, no. 127 A
loc. Iecea Mare, jud. Timiș, RO-301091
Website :
Location of Iecea Mare in Timiș County
Iecea Mare on the Josephine Land Survey (1769–1772)

  • Church in Großjetscha

  • Nagy Jecsa cancellation 1901, Hungary

Iecea Mare ( German  Großjetscha , Hungarian Nagyjecsa ) is a municipality in Timiș County , in the Banat region , in southwest Romania . Iecea Mare had about 2500 inhabitants in 2007; the area of ​​the place is 35.31 square kilometers.

location

Iecea Mare is located about 33 kilometers northwest of Timișoara . The place is not connected to the railway network; the nearest train station is in Cărpiniș, 9 kilometers away .

Neighboring places

Lenauheim Șandra Biled
Comloșu Mic Neighboring communities Becicherecu Mic
Jimbolia Cărpiniș Iecea Mica

history

Groß-Jetscha is located 33 km northwest of Timișoara ( Timisoara ). The place was named after the predium Jecsa . The oldest records of Großjetscha come from 1467, when, according to the Bishop of Tschanad Johann von Szokol (1466–1493), a village called Öcse , later also Erdös , was located in the area of ​​Jecsa .

The settlement with Germans took place in 1767 under the supervision of the administrative council Johann Wilhelm Edler von Hildebrand . 200 houses were newly built during the settlement. Construction of the church began in 1770 and the consecration of the church took place in 1780. The old school was built in 1852 and the new school in 1898. In 1902 the gravel road to Gertianosch was laid.

On June 4, 1920, the Banat was divided into three parts as a result of the Treaty of Trianon . The largest, eastern part, to which Great Jetscha also belonged, fell to Romania.

As a result of the Waffen-SS Agreement of May 12, 1943 between the Antonescu government and Hitler's Germany , all men of German origin who were conscripted into the German army. Before the end of the war, in January 1945, all ethnic German women between the ages of 18 and 30 and men between the ages of 16 and 45 were deported to the Soviet Union for reconstruction work .

The Land Reform Act of March 23, 1945 , which provided for the expropriation of German farmers without compensation, as former members of the German ethnic group in Romania , deprived the rural population of their livelihood. At the same time, the houses of the Germans were also expropriated without compensation. Land and farmhouses were distributed to smallholders, farm workers and colonists from other parts of the country. The Nationalization Act of June 11, 1948 provided for the nationalization of all industrial and commercial enterprises, banks and insurance companies, whereby all commercial enterprises were expropriated regardless of ethnicity.

Since the population along the Romanian-Yugoslav border was classified as a security risk by the Romanian government after the rift between Stalin and Tito and his exclusion from the Cominform alliance, "politically unreliable elements" were deported to the Bărăgan on June 18, 1951 . Steppe regardless of ethnicity. At the same time, the Romanian leadership aimed to break the resistance against the impending collectivization of agriculture. When the Bărăgan abductees returned home in 1956, the houses and farms expropriated in 1945 were returned to them. However, the field ownership was collectivized.

The municipality of Iecea Mare has emerged from the municipality of Cărpiniș (Gertianosch) since 2004 .

Demographics

Groß-Jetscha was a German village. In 1910, 2360 Germans lived here, which made up 93% of the population. After the Second World War , the number of Germans fell inexorably. In 1977 there were still 1162 Germans living in Groß-Jetscha, which made up 39% of the population. The mass exodus of the Germans began in 1990, so that 115 Germans were still living in Groß-Jetscha at the 1992 census.

census Ethnic groups
year Residents Romanians German Hungary Roma Others
1880 3297 24 3193 21st - 59
1900 3099 38 2923 68 ? 70
1941 2355 59 2051 69 ? 176
1977 2986 1610 1162 23 187 4th
1992 2297 1907 115 25th 243 7th
2002 2315 2008 37 24 239 7th
2011 2231 1878 8th 9 117 219

See also

literature

  • Hans Wikete: Family Book Groß-Jetscha , Volumes I and II, AKDFF, 2003.
  • Elke Hoffmann, Peter-Dietmar Leber and Walter Wolf : The Banat and the Banat Swabians. Volume 5. Cities and Villages , Media Group Universal Grafische Betriebe Munich, Munich 2011, ISBN 3-922979-63-7 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b 2011 census in Romania ( MS Excel ; 1.3 MB)
  2. ↑ Mayoral elections 2016 in Romania ( MS Excel ; 256 kB)
  3. ↑ Information from the Romanian parliament on the establishment of some municipalities accessed on September 7, 2018 (Romanian)
  4. ↑ Census, last updated November 2, 2008, p. 33 (Hungarian; PDF; 1.1 MB)