Iecea Mica

Iecea Mică Kleinjetscha, Klein-Jetscha Kisjécsa
Help on coat of arms
Basic data
State :	Romania
Historical region :	Banat
Circle :	Timiș
Municipality :	Cărpiniș
Coordinates :	45 ° 49 '  N , 20 ° 55'  E Coordinates: 45 ° 49 '17 "  N , 20 ° 55' 23"  E
Time zone :	EET ( UTC +2)
Residents :	1,154 (2002)
Postal code :	307092
Telephone code :	(+40) 02 56
License plate :	TM
Structure and administration (as of 2012)
Community type :	Village
Mayor :	Liviu Ștefan Tomulea ( USL )

Location of Iecea Mică in Timiș County

Iecea Mică ( German  Kleinjetscha or Klein-Jetscha , Hungarian Kisjécsa ) is a village in Timiș County , in the Banat region , in western Romania . Administratively, the village belongs to the municipality of Cărpiniș .

Neighboring places

Lenauheim	Iecea Mare	Biled
Jimbolia		Becicherecu Mic
Checea	Cărpiniș	Beregsau Mare

location

Iecea Mică is located 28 kilometers northwest of the district capital Timișoara .

history

A place called Ewcze or Őcse in the area of ​​today's Iecea Mică appeared for the first time in 1467 in medieval documents. In the documents of 1717 and 1753 Jetsa and Jesza were noted, which belonged to Torontál County . After the Peace of Passarowitz on July 21, 1718, after 164 years of Turkish rule, the Banat was attached to the Habsburg Monarchy and, as the imperial crown and chamber domain, was subordinated to the Vienna government. The Habsburg colonization of the Banat began with the so-called Swabian trains . The present village was founded in 1769–1770 when Germans settled in the Banat during the Second Swabian Cycle under Empress Maria Theresa , when 150 families from the Palatinate , Alsace , Lorraine and Württemberg settled here. Carl Samuel Neumann Edler von Buchholt was entrusted with the settlement of the place . The new settlers built 100 houses and a school. The place was given the official name of Klein Jetscha . The Roman Catholic Church was built in 1813.

Kleinjetscha was initially a camera property and was under the control of Billeder until 1800 . An exchange that year subjugated the entire cameraman to the Agramer diocese , under whose patronage Kleinjetscha was until 1911. The church was built under the rule of the then Agram bishop Maximilian Verhovacs and consecrated on April 24th in honor of St. George .

After the Austro-Hungarian Compromise , the Banat was annexed to the Kingdom of Hungary in 1867 . Kleinjetscha had the official name Kisjécsa during the Hungarian administration . By dividing the Banat into three parts as a result of the Treaty of Trianon , Kleinjetscha fell to Romania in 1920 and was given the official name of Iecea Mică .

As a result of the Waffen-SS Agreement of May 12, 1943 between the Antonescu government and Hitler's Germany , all men of German origin who were conscripted into the German army. Before the end of the war, in January 1945, all ethnic German women between 18 and 30 and men between the ages of 16 and 45 were deported to the Soviet Union for reconstruction work .

The Land Reform Act of March 23, 1945 , which provided for the expropriation of German farmers in Romania, deprived the rural population of their livelihoods. The expropriated land was distributed to smallholders, farm workers and colonists from other parts of the country. The collectivization of agriculture was initiated in the early 1950s . Through the nationalization law of June 11, 1948 , which provided for the nationalization of all industrial and commercial enterprises, banks and insurance companies, the expropriation of all economic enterprises took place regardless of ethnicity.

Since the population along the Romanian-Yugoslav border was classified as a security risk by the Romanian government after the rift between Stalin and Tito and his exclusion from the Cominform alliance, "politically unreliable elements" were deported to the Bărăgan on June 18, 1951 . Steppe regardless of ethnicity. At the same time, the Romanian leadership aimed to break the resistance against the impending collectivization of agriculture. When the Bărăgan abductees returned home in 1956, the houses and farms expropriated in 1945 were returned to them. However, the field ownership was collectivized.

Demographics

Kleinjetscha was a German village until the Second World War . As a result of the flight in autumn 1944 with the retreating German army , the deportation to the Soviet Union in January 1945, the expropriation in 1946 and the deportation to the Bărăgan steppe in June 1951, emigration to Germany began in the 1960s against an interstate set Amount of money . The few remaining emigrated after the 1989 revolution . During the Ceaușescu era , Romanians from other parts of the country were specifically settled in the course of the state-controlled Romanization .

census		Ethnicity
year	Residents	Romanians	Hungary	German	Other
1880	1770	16	9	1742	3
1910	1363	43	10	1308	2
1930	1131	21st	10	1090	10
1977	1213	783	11	383	36
2002	1154	1103	23	5	23

See also

• List of German and Hungarian names of Romanian places
• List of localities in the Banat

literature

• Georg Schmidt: Kleinjetscha - home book of the municipality in the Banat.
• Elke Hoffmann, Peter-Dietmar Leber and Walter Wolf : The Banat and the Banat Swabians. Volume 5. Cities and Villages , Media Group Universal Grafische Betriebe München GmbH, Munich, 2011, 670 pages, ISBN 3-922979-63-7 .

Web links

• Kleinjetscha

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} banater-schwaben.org , Kleinjetscha
2. ↑ kia.hu , (PDF; 982 kB) E. Varga: Statistics of the population by ethnicity in the Timiș district according to censuses from 1880 to 2002