Chevereșu Mare

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Chevereșu Mare
Großkeweresch
Nagykövéres
Chevereșu Mare does not have a coat of arms
Chevereșu Mare (Romania)
Paris plan pointer b jms.svg
Basic data
State : RomaniaRomania Romania
Historical region : Banat
Circle : Timiș
Municipality : Chevereșu Mare
Coordinates : 45 ° 40 ′  N , 21 ° 29 ′  E Coordinates: 45 ° 40 ′ 1 ″  N , 21 ° 29 ′ 26 ″  E
Time zone : EET ( UTC +2)
Area : 81.17  km²
Residents : 2,272 (October 20, 2011)
Population density : 28 inhabitants per km²
Postal code : 307107
Telephone code : (+40) 02 56
License plate : TM
Structure and administration (as of 2016)
Community type : local community
Structure : Chevereșu Mare, Dragșina , Vucova
Mayor : Miua Marcel ( PSD )
Postal address : Str. Principală, no. 277
loc. Chevereșu Mare, jud. Timiș, RO-307107
Location of Chevereșu Mare in Timiș County
Chevereșu Mare on the Josephine Land Survey (1769–1772)

Chevereșu Mare ( German  Großkeweresch , Hungarian Nagykövéres ) is a municipality in Timiș County , in the Banat region , in southwest Romania .

Geographical location

Chevereşu Mare is located 30 kilometers from the district capital Timişoara ( Timisoara ), on the district road DJ 592. The Temesch forms the northern local border.

Neighboring places

Dragșina Recaș Pădurea Chevereș
Uliuc Neighboring communities Bacova
Sacoșu Turcesc Nițchidorf Silagiu

history

At the beginning of the 17th century, the place Keverish was founded by the merger of the three hamlets Corneanţ , Bocea and Drila . In 1717 the place name Cheveriş appears in the documents.

"Corneanţ" was in the south, where the district of the same name is now, "Bocea" in the north and "Drila" in the northwest. Bocea was the largest of the three hamlets. The current district of Regat was called "Drila" until the interwar period.

To the north of the village, the "Cheverescher Wald" (Romanian: Pădurea Chevereș ) extends over an area of ​​1611 hectares , a formerly popular hunting area of Nicolae Ceaușescu , who mainly hunted wild boar here .

Until 1526 the settlement belonged to the Kingdom of Hungary and during the Ottoman rule (1526–1718) to the Vilâyet Temeşvar . From 1718 to 1778 the village was part of the Habsburg crown domain Temescher Banat . In 1778 the Banat was awarded to the Kingdom of Hungary by Empress Maria Theresa . From 1849 to 1860 it was part of an independent crown land of the Voivodeship of Serbia and Temescher Banat .

After the Austro-Hungarian Compromise (1867), the Banat was annexed to the Kingdom of Hungary within the dual monarchy of Austria-Hungary . At the beginning of the 20th century, the law for the Magyarization of place names (Ga. 4/1898) was applied. The official place name was Nagykövéres . The Hungarian place names remained valid in the Kingdom of Romania until the administrative reform of 1923 when the Romanian place names were introduced.

The Treaty of Trianon on June 4, 1920 resulted in the trisection of the Banat , which resulted in Chevereșu Mare falling to the Kingdom of Romania .

School camp

The school camp of Chevereșu Mare was founded in the late 1960s on the site of the hunting lodge in the Cheverescher forest. The initiative came from the teacher Cornelia Munteanu . She mobilized the large factories in Timișoara, all of which made their contribution free of charge: "Elba" and "Electromotor" took over the electrical installation, "Tehnolemn" made the furniture, "ILSA", "UTT", "Bumbacul" and "Arta Textilă" produced the bed linen and "Spumotim" the mattresses.

In the early 1960s, tent camps were organized along the Temesch for the students in the Banat. But not infrequently it happened that it rained and camping had to be broken off. Then Cornelia Munteanu began cleaning the handles, little by little she won over the heads of large companies in Timișoara and met open ears. The decision was made to build a school camp in the Cheverescher forest. One came across Ceaușescu's hunting lodge, in which Josip Broz Tito also stayed when he was Ceaușescu's guest.

They finally received permission to build the school camp on the grounds of the hunting lodge in the Cheverescher Wald. The application was submitted to the Mayor of Timisoara, George Micota , and approved , together with the project description and funding . In the spring of 1969 the huts were assembled.

In 2007 the Chevereșu Mare school camp was completely modernized. Modernization works worth 700,000 lei were carried out. The school camp was connected to the Internet and equipped with computers and refurnished. Schoolchildren from other European countries also spend their holidays here. The school camp in Chevereșu Mare is one of the two school camps in Timis County, the second is in Poeni Strâmbu .

economy

The main occupation of the Cheverescher population has always been cattle breeding , grain growing and wood processing . The cattle and the corn have passed since the Turkish occupation , the most developed sectors of the economy. In addition to two wood processing companies, rattan processing has also spread in recent years .

tourism

In the immediate vicinity of Chevereșu Mare there are several tourist destinations:

  • The school camp is located seven kilometers north of Chevereșu Mare, between the Cheverescher Forest and the Timisoara.
  • Ten kilometers to the east, at DJ 592, is the spa town of Bad Busiasch
  • Eight kilometers to the west, also at the DJ 592, is the Albina outdoor pool

Church and school

Chevereșu Mare has three churches of different denominations:

  • Romanian Orthodox Church (1839)
  • Greek Catholic Church (1777)
  • Baptist Church (since the 1990s)

In Chevereșu Mare there is a school with eight classes in Romanian and a kindergarten.

Demographics

The locals in Chevereșu Mare were Romanians from the Banat. In the 18th century refugees came from Oltenia and Bihor . Germans were also settled in Cheveres in the 18th century , as a result of the "inpopulation policy" of the Habsburg monarchy . At the end of the 19th century, the Hungarian crown settled Hungary here. Some Jews and Roma also lived in Chevereșu Mare. The Germans and Jews all emigrated to Israel and Germany in the 20th century , Hungarians are only sporadically. Immigrants from other parts of Romania, from Moldova and from the Ardeal came in, as did Ukrainians .

census Ethnicity
year Residents Romanians Hungary German Other
1880 3765 2826 399 73 467
1910 4117 2782 589 81 665
1930 3657 2395 537 59 666
1977 2651 1901 326 10 414
2002 1910 1459 197 3 251
2011 2272 1388 188 4th 692 (439 Roma)

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b 2011 census in Romania ( MS Excel ; 1.3 MB)
  2. ↑ Mayoral elections 2016 in Romania ( MS Excel ; 256 kB)
  3. ↑ a b c d cjtimis.ro , Consiliul județean Timiș
  4. ^ Gerhard Seewann : History of the Germans in Hungary , Volume 2 1860 to 2006, Herder Institute, Marburg 2012
  5. ↑ a b c ziuadevest.ro ( Memento from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ), Tabăra de la Chevereş, în curtea casei de vânătoare a lui Ceauşescu
  6. ↑ a b dsjtimis.ro ( Memento of August 24, 2013 in the Internet Archive ), Tabere
  7. ↑ realitatea.net ( Memento of July 21, 2010 in the Internet Archive ), Tabără la standarde europene în Timiş
  8. ↑ kia.hu , (PDF; 982 kB) E. Varga: Statistics of the number of inhabitants by ethnic group in the Timiș district according to censuses from 1880 - 2002