Moldova (region)
The Moldau ( Romanian : Moldova ) is a historical landscape in the north-east of Romania and borders in the east on the Republic of Moldova , which, however, lies roughly in the area of the historical landscape of Bessarabia . To distinguish the Moldova region in Romania from the Republic of Moldova, it is sometimes referred to as West Moldova . Colloquially today in Romania this area is still referred to as "Moldova" ( German : Moldau ; Hungarian : Moldva ), whereby the Bukovina is often (or mostly) not included.
history
Moldova is a territory of the former Principality of Moldova, which was nominally a vassal state of the Ottoman Empire from around 1512 . After costly wars against the House of Austria and the Russian Empire , the suzerain of the Principality of Moldavia, the Ottoman Empire, ceded areas of the Principality to its expanding neighbors in the north. After the territorial losses of 1775 (loss of Bukovina to Austria in the Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca ) and 1812 (separation of the eastern part of Moldova as Bessarabia to the Russian Empire in the Treaty of Bucharest ), the "remaining area" of the Principality of Moldova united with the Principality of Wallachia to the state of Romania . Depending on how you look at it, the south-western part of the Budschak (a border strip that enclosed the cities of Cahul, Bolgrad and Ismail ) could also be added to the Moldau , as this territory, after a direct Turkish-Ottoman rule 1484-1812 and a brief Russian rule in 1812 –1856, in the years 1856–1878 again belonged to the Principality of Moldova and from 1859 to Romania.
Geographical location
The western Moldova borders in the north on the Bukovina and in the east with the river Prut on Bessarabia (East Moldova or today's Republic of Moldova, with which the West Moldova together formed the Principality of Moldova until 1775/1812 ). The Herza area has been in Ukraine since 1944 . In the west the Carpathian Mountains form the border with Transylvania , in the south the Milcov and Siret rivers form the border with Wallachia . The famous for UNESCO - World Heritage Site belonging Moldavian monasteries are mainly located in the historic center of power of the former Principality of Moldavia in the counties of Suceava and Neamt.
West Moldova was the northern part of the Romanian Old Kingdom and comprised the former districts: Dorohoi (including the Herza area), Botoșani, Suceava (later: Fălticeni), Neamț, Iași, Roman, Vaslui, Fălciu, Bacău, Tecuci, Tutova, Vrancea and Covurlui. The area of this region is 38,224 km².
Significant personalities, places and sites
- George Enescu (1881–1955), most important Romanian composer , violinist , conductor and music teacher .
- Mihai Eminescu (1850–1889), most important Romanian poet . He was born in Ipoteşti (near Botoşani ) in 1850 .
- The University of Alexandra Ioan Cuza , the most prestigious and oldest university in Romania (founded in 1860), is located in Iași , which with 290,422 inhabitants (2011) is now the largest city in the region and between 1565-1859 the capital of the Principality of Moldova, as well 1859–1861 was the provisional capital of Romania.
Economic situation
Overall, however, the Moldova region is one of the poorest regions in the country, both because of its geographical peripheral location and because of the structurally weak neighboring countries (Ukraine, Republic of Moldova).
Administrative structure
Today this region essentially belongs to the following Romanian districts :
- Iași
- Vaslui
- Galați
- Botoşani (except for the towns of Rogojeşti and Cândeşti , which are in Bukovina )
- Neamț (except for the villages of Bicazu Ardelean , Bicaz-Chei , Dămuc , which are in Transylvania )
- Bacău (except Ghimeș-Făget and Poiana Sărată , which are in Transylvania)
- Vrancea is mostly located in western Moldova (except the south, south of the Milcov river , which is part of Great Wallachia )
- Suceava is mostly in the Bukovina , but all of the east and south is part of West Moldova (along with the town of Fălticeni ).
See also
- List of historical regions in Romania and the Republic of Moldova
- The Tschangos - an ethnic group in Moldova
Individual evidence
- ^ Iași (Romania): District, cities and municipalities - population figures in maps and tables. In: www.citypopulation.de. Retrieved November 21, 2015 .