Comloșu Mic
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Comloșu Mic Easter / Kleinkomlosch Kiskomlos |
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| Basic data | |||||
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| State : |
 Romania
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| Historical region : | Banat | ||||
| Circle : | Timiș | ||||
| Municipality : | Comloșu Mare | ||||
| Coordinates : | 45 ° 51 ' N , 20 ° 40' E | ||||
| Time zone : | EET ( UTC +2) | ||||
| Residents : | 920 (2002) | ||||
| Postal code : | 307121 | ||||
| Telephone code : | (+40) 02 56 | ||||
| License plate : | TM | ||||
| Structure and administration (as of 2012) | |||||
| Community type : | Village | ||||
| Mayor : | Ovidiu Nicolae Ștefănescu ( USL ) | ||||
Comloșu Mic ( German Easter or after 1892 Kleinkomlosch , Hungarian Kiskomlos ) is a village with 928 inhabitants (1992) in Timiș County , Banat , Romania .
location
Comloșu Mic is located in Timiș County , 8 km west of the city of Jimbolia ( Hatzfeld ).
Neighboring places
| Comloșu Mare | Vicejdia | Thank god |
| Serbia |
.svg)
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Grabaț |
| Serbia | Serbia | Jimbolia |
history
After the Peace of Passarowitz on July 21, 1718, after 164 years of Turkish rule, the Banat was attached to the Habsburg Monarchy and, as the imperial crown and chamber domain, was subordinated to the Vienna government. The Habsburg colonization of the Banat began with the so-called Swabian trains . The village of Easter was founded in 1772 by colonists from west and south-west Germany, who were settled by Maria Theresa in the then Austrian province of Temescher Banat. The overall supervision of the establishment of the village was held by the Impopulationsdirektor Johann Wilhelm Edler von Hildebrand , who planned the place on unpopulated pastureland.
Since the settlers who came from Lorraine , Westphalia , Luxembourg , the Palatinate , the Electorate of Trier , the Black Forest , Württemberg , Austria and Bavaria reached their destination at Easter, they called their village Easter . In 1777 the village had 50 houses with 233 inhabitants. Easter was enlarged under Emperor Joseph II , when another 50 house spaces were settled. A third settlement took place in 1792 with 40 house spaces. The present church was built in 1807 and the new school in 1832.
In 1892, after the Banat came under Hungarian administration within the Habsburg dual monarchy, Easter was given the name Kiskomlos ; the - then unofficial - Romanian name was Comloşu Mic .
After the First World War , Comloşu Mic belonged to Serbia as Mali Komluš from 1918 to 1924 and was awarded to Romania in 1924 as a result of a border inspection .
As a result of the Waffen-SS Agreement of May 12, 1943 between the Antonescu government and Hitler's Germany , all men of German origin who were conscripted into the German army. After the Second World War , 196 people from Comloșu Mic were deported to Soviet labor camps from 1945 to 1950 . In 1951 447 people were deported to the Bărăgan steppe .
The Land Reform Act of March 23, 1945 , which provided for the expropriation of German farmers in Romania, deprived the rural population of their livelihoods. The expropriated land was distributed to smallholders, farm workers and colonists from other parts of the country. The collectivization of agriculture was initiated in the early 1950s . Through the nationalization law of June 11, 1948 , which provided for the nationalization of all industrial and commercial enterprises, banks and insurance companies, the expropriation of all economic enterprises took place regardless of ethnicity.
In the 1970s, the wave of German residents emigrated to Germany began , so that the population structure of Comloșu Mic was subject to a tremendous structural change.
Residents
The inhabitants were mostly Banat Swabians , as well as Hungarians , Serbs , Jews and Romanians . After the wave of Germans emigrating from Romania between 1980 and 1993, the village is almost exclusively inhabited by Romanians.
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Personalities
- Michael Holzinger , writer
- Peter Georg Winter , "Tanielpheder", writer
See also
literature
- Peter Pink: The Heath Community Easter . Timisoara 1935
- Elke Hoffmann, Peter-Dietmar Leber and Walter Wolf : The Banat and the Banat Swabians. Volume 5. Cities and Villages , Media Group Universal Grafische Betriebe München GmbH, Munich, 2011, 670 pages, ISBN 3-922979-63-7 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ uni-heidelberg.de , Swantje Volkmann : The architecture of the 18th century in the Temescher Banat , Heidelberg 2001