Vicejdia

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Vizejdia
Wiseschdia
Kisvizésdia, Vizésd
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Vizejdia (Romania)
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Basic data
State : RomaniaRomania Romania
Historical region : Banat
Circle : Timiș
Municipality : Thank god
Coordinates : 45 ° 57 '  N , 20 ° 39'  E Coordinates: 45 ° 56 '32 "  N , 20 ° 39' 21"  E
Time zone : EET ( UTC +2)
Residents : 343 (2002)
Postal code : 307253
Telephone code : (+40) 02 56
License plate : TM
Structure and administration (as of 2012)
Community type : Village
Mayor : Gheorghe Nastor PD-L
Location of Visejdia in Timiș County

Vizejdia ( German  Wiseschdia ; Hungarian Kisvizésdia or Vizésd ; 1924 temporarily Gălățeni ) is a village in Timiș County , in the Banat , Romania . Vizejdia belongs to the community of Gottlob and has 343 inhabitants.

Geographical location

Vizejdia is located in the Tisza - Marosch angle between the villages of Tomnatic, Lovrin, Gottlob, Teremia Mare, Grabaț and Comloşu Mare. The village is connected to Gottlob by a road.

Neighboring places

Nerau Tomnatic Lovrin
Teremia Mare Neighboring communities Thank god
Comloșu Mare Comloșu Mic Grabaț

history

The medieval town was owned by the "Vizesgyani" family (1424), to whom the name of the village goes back. During the Turkish occupation (1647) the village appears under the names "Wyses" and "Vizesgian". In 1786 "Count Nikolaus Markowitsch de Spitza" was the landowner of the estate. He settled in "Wiseschdia" around 1786 Hungarians , Bulgarians and Serbs . Later, Germans also came through internal migration . Most came from the neighboring villages, only a few from Bohemia , Moravia and Franconia . In 1890 "Vizésdia" was the seat of the municipality and until 1920 belonged to Torontál County . In 1920 Wiseschdia came to Romania as a result of the Trianon Peace Treaty when it received the official name "Vizeșdia". In 1924 the place was temporarily called "Gălățeni". Today “Vizejdia” is the official name of the place.

As a result of the Waffen-SS Agreement of May 12, 1943 between the Antonescu government and Hitler's Germany , all men of German origin who were conscripted into the German army. Before the end of the war, in January 1945, all ethnic German women between the ages of 18 and 30 and men between the ages of 16 and 45 were deported to the Soviet Union for reconstruction work .

The Land Reform Act of March 23, 1945 , which provided for the expropriation of German farmers in Romania, deprived the rural population of their livelihoods. The expropriated land was distributed to smallholders, farm workers and colonists from other parts of the country. The collectivization of agriculture was initiated in the early 1950s . Through the nationalization law of June 11, 1948 , which provided for the nationalization of all industrial and commercial enterprises, banks and insurance companies, the expropriation of all economic enterprises took place regardless of ethnicity.

Since the population along the Romanian-Yugoslav border was classified as a security risk by the Romanian government after the rift between Stalin and Tito and his exclusion from the Cominform alliance, "politically unreliable elements" were deported to the Bărăgan on June 18, 1951 . Steppe regardless of ethnicity. At the same time, the Romanian leadership aimed to break the resistance against the impending collectivization of agriculture. When the Bărăgan abductees returned home in 1956, the houses and farms expropriated in 1945 were returned to them. However, the field ownership was collectivized.

Church and school

In the years 1893-1894 the current church was built. It replaced the old prayer house. Count Markowitsch had the first school building built in 1803. The school was rebuilt in 1900. The school was denominational, so the pastor was also the headmaster. Until 1972 there were lessons in German.

The first work by the Timisoara organ builder Carl Leopold Wegenstein is in the Catholic Church of Wiseschdia . His Opus 1 illustrates a transition from mechanical to pneumatic tracker action . The key action of the pedal is mechanically that the manual pneumatic, as well as the key action . As with all of his first organs, the wind tubes are made of brass.

economy

The manor remained until its expropriation as a result of agrarian reform , the economic powerhouse of Wiseschdia of the 1919th The landlord family recruited tobacco growers for their estate in 1787 . Apart from a few craftsmen from Bohemia and Moravia, most of the settlers came from the surrounding Banat villages. The rule granted the new settlers three free years. After this period the tithe and ten days robot had to be done. The settlers pledged to plant tobacco , grain and vegetables . It was only after the February Revolution of 1848 that Zehent and Robot were abolished. In Wiseschdia there was a brewery and a brandy distillery as well as two horse mills . The livestock was limited to personal use. Pig fattening gained in importance at the end of the 1930s and became an important line of business. Beekeeping and sericulture were a lucrative sideline.

Demographics

census Ethnicity
year Residents Romanians Hungary German Other
1880 909 102 52 755 -
1900 982 208 20th 744 10
1930 649 35 10 603 1
1941 633 32 21st 577 3
1977 422 64 9 335 14th
1992 302 209 19th 53 21st
2002 343 312 12 14th 5

Personalities

See also

literature

Non-fiction
Fiction

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ banater-aktualitaet.de , Anton Zollner: By BEEN German villages of Banat
  2. ^ A b Elke Hoffmann, Peter Dietmar Leber , Walter Wolf : The Banat and the Banater Swabians. Volume 5: Cities and Villages. Munich 2011.
  3. ↑ edition-musik-suedost.de , Franz Metz: Wiseschdia
  4. ↑ kia.hu (PDF; 982 kB), E. Varga: Statistics of the number of inhabitants by ethnic group in Timiș County according to censuses from 1880 to 2002