Vinga

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Vinga
Winga, Theresienstadt
Vinga
Vinga coat of arms
Vinga (Romania)
Paris plan pointer b jms.svg
Basic data
State : RomaniaRomania Romania
Historical region : Banat
Circle : Arad
Coordinates : 46 ° 1 '  N , 21 ° 13'  E Coordinates: 46 ° 0 '58 "  N , 21 ° 12' 56"  E
Time zone : EET ( UTC +2)
Area : 146.33  km²
Residents : 6,150 (2011)
Population density : 42 inhabitants per km²
Postal code : 317400
Telephone code : (+40) 02 57
License plate : AR
Structure and administration (as of 2016)
Community type : local community
Structure : Vinga, Mailat , Mănăştur
Mayor : Ioan Negrei ( PNL )
Postal address : Strada Principală, no. 27
loc. Vinga, jud. Arad, RO-317400
Website :
Location of Vinga in the Arad district
Roman Catholic Church Vinga
Vinga monastery

Vinga (outdated: Theresiopolis ; German  Winga , Theresienstadt , Hungarian Vinga ) is a municipality in the Arad district , Banat , Romania . The villages of Mailat and Mănăştur belong to the municipality of Vinga . Vinga was mostly populated by Banat Bulgarians until the middle of the 20th century .

Geographical location

Vinga is located on national road 69 , which is part of European route 671 , and on the Timișoara – Arad railway , 23 kilometers from Arad and 30 kilometers from Timișoara . The place is close to the border with Timiș County , six kilometers north of Orțișoara (Orzydorf) .

Neighboring places

Mailat Zădăreni Șagu
Mănăştur Neighboring communities Hunedoara Timișană
Bărăteaz Orțișoara Seceani

history

The Vinga settlement was first documented in 1214 when it was owned by the Csak family. In 1454 "Veres-Vinga" and "Kerek-Vinga" belonged to the then resigned Hungarian ruler Johann Hunyadi . In 1717, when the Banat was annexed to Habsburg , the settlement was named "Vinca". In 1737 the place was populated by the Empress Maria Theresa , after whom the city was named "Theresiopolis" at that time, with Catholic Bulgarians from Little Wallachia . Between 1726 and 1731 about 2000 Catholic Bulgarians fled from Tschiprowzi to Little Wallachia, where Nikolaus Stanislavich was the apostolic administrator . When the Turkish war broke out in 1737 , many Bulgarians fled to the Banat with “their bishop” and settled in Alt-Beschenowa and around 100 families in Vinga. Stanislavich was appointed bishop of Chad in 1739 .

On June 4, 1920, the Banat was divided into three parts as a result of the Treaty of Trianon . The largest, eastern part, to which Vinga also belonged, fell to the Kingdom of Romania .

As a result of the Waffen-SS Agreement of May 12, 1943 between the Antonescu government and Hitler's Germany , all men of German origin who were conscripted into the German army. The Germans from Romania had to pay for this after Romania switched sides on August 23, 1944. Before the end of the war, in January 1945, all ethnic German women between the ages of 18 and 30 and men between the ages of 16 and 45 were deported to the Soviet Union for reconstruction work .

The Land Reform Act of March 23, 1945 , which provided for the expropriation of German farmers in Romania, deprived the rural population of their livelihoods. The expropriated land was distributed to smallholders, farm workers and colonists from other parts of the country. The collectivization of agriculture was initiated in the early 1950s .

The nationalization law of June 11, 1948 , which provided for the nationalization of all industrial and commercial enterprises, banks and insurance companies, resulted in the expropriation of all commercial enterprises.

Catholic Church

The Catholic Church in Vinga is a monumental building in the neo-Gothic style, which was completed in 1892 after two years of construction. The slender, 62 meter high towers of the church have become a symbol of Vinga. Since the church is located on a 75 meter high hill, the towers can be seen from a great distance.

The Viennese architect Eduard Reiter drafted the church building in 1880 . For ten years the congregation saved up to build the church. The population kept only the essentials of every harvest; the rest was sold and donated for church building. The main and side altars were carved by the South Tyrolean Josef Runggaldier , the organ was built by Carl Leopold Wegenstein from Timisoara . The nave is 63 meters long. The church was consecrated to the Holy Trinity by Bishop Dessewffy in 1892 .

"Drasskovits" confectionery factory

Vinga also became famous for the “Vinga” chocolate that was once produced here. The “Drasskovits” confectionery factory had made the former “Civitas Privilegiatae” - in which the Orient Express also stopped - known throughout the entire empire . The passengers were given samples of the “Vinga” chocolate during the stop. The recipe, however, remained a secret that the entrepreneur took with him to the grave. After the Banat fell to the Kingdom of Romania on June 4, 1920 as a result of the Treaty of Trianon , only the name of the confectionery factory changed. After the communists came to power on August 23, 1944, the factory was expropriated as a result of the nationalization law of June 11, 1948 and later abandoned to decay.

Demographics

The majority of Bulgarians had lived in the village since 1737. After the expropriation of the land by the communists, the Bulgarians, who were mostly landowners, gradually migrated to the cities of Arad and Timișoara. Their place was taken by Romanians through state-directed measures. Today the proportion of Romanians in the total population is predominant.

census Ethnicity
year Residents Romanians Hungary German Bulgarians
1880 4796 263 278 652 3603
1910 4710 590 824 529 2767
1977 4617 2239 983 70 1325
1992 4132 2147 686 40 1259
2002 4218 3103 506 23 586

See also

Web links

Commons : Vinga  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ citypopulation.de , 2011 census
  2. ↑ a b c d banater-aktualitaet.de , Anton Zollner: Through German villages that have been in the Banat
  3. ↑ kia.hu , (PDF; 784 kB) E. Varga: Statistics of the population by ethnicity in the Arad district according to censuses from 1880 - 2002