Eglon van der Neer

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Self-portrait, holding a commemorative picture with the scene Hagar and Ishmael in the desert , 1696

Eglon Hendrick van der Neer (* 1635 or 1636 in Amsterdam ; † May 3, 1703 in Düsseldorf ) was a Dutch Baroque painter . The Spanish King Charles II and the Palatinate Elector Johann Wilhelm appointed him court painter .

Life

Van der Neer was born as the son of the Gorinchem- born Amsterdam landscape painter Aert van der Neer and his wife Liesbeth Govers (* 1608), who had at least six children and who tried to run a wine bar in the Amsterdam Kalverstraat in the 1660s. failed. In his early years he received painting lessons from his father. Then van der Neer went to the Amsterdam landscape painter Jacob van Loo (1614-1670) in the apprenticeship. Around 1654 he entered the service of the governor of the Principality of Orange , Friedrich von Dohna . At the end of 1658 he returned to Amsterdam. In February 1659 he married Maria Wagensvelt, the daughter of a wealthy Rotterdam notary, with whom he had several children. In 1663 he moved with his family to Rotterdam , where Adriaen van der Werff was his student. After his first wife died in 1677, he moved to The Hague in 1679 , where he joined the Confrérie Pictura in 1680 . He later moved on to Brussels . There he married Marie Du Chastel (1652–1692; also called Marie Augustine du Châtel ), who bore him nine children. His good relationship with the governor of the Spanish Netherlands , Fray Antonio de Agurto , the Marquis de Castanaga, earned him the title of court painter to the Spanish King Charles II in 1687. When Karl's first wife, Marie Louise d'Orléans , died in 1689, van der Neer was commissioned to portray Maria Anna von der Pfalz , Karl's new candidate for marriage and, from 1690, his second wife. In 1695 her brother Johann Wilhelm bought a picture by van der Neers in Rotterdam, where the Palatine Elector stopped on a trip through the Netherlands. A little later the elector contacted him and gave him orders. After van der Neer's second wife died in 1692, he met Adriana Spilberg , the daughter of the Palatinate court painter Johannes Spilberg , who died in 1690 and who was herself a trained painter. In 1697 they married in Düsseldorf, the capital of Jülich-Berg , as a result of the destruction of Heidelberg in the War of the Palatinate Succession, the new main residence of the Electoral Palatinate from 1693 and the center of their court . In 1698 Johann appointed Wilhelm van der Neer as his court painter. He held this position until his death in 1703.

Works (selection)

Portrait of a Gentleman and a Lady in an Interior , around 1666
Hagar and Ishmael in the desert , 1697

Van der Neer is considered an outstanding portrait , genre , interior and landscape painter of the Dutch Golden Age . Its interiors show influences from Pieter de Hooch , Gerard ter Borch , Gabriel Metsu and Frans van Mieris the Elder. Ä. His landscapes are by Adam Elsheimer , Jan Brueghel the Elder. Ä. and Jacques d'Arthois influenced.

  • A drawing lady , around 1665
  • Portraits of a Gentleman and a Lady in an Interior , around 1666
  • Interior with a woman washing her hands , 1675
  • The wife of Kandaules discovers the hidden Gyges , 1675–1680
  • Elegant Couple in an Interior (The Engagement) , 1678
  • Pastoral landscape , between 1690 and 1698
  • The repentant Magdalena , 1691
  • Allegory of Religion , 1693
  • Self-portrait , 1696
  • Hagar and Ishmael in the desert , 1697
  • Mountain landscape , 1698
  • Shepherd scene , 1698

literature

  • Joseph Eduard Wessely:  Neer, Eglon van der . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 23, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1886, p. 365 f.
  • Wayne E. Franits: Dutch Seventeenth-Century Genre Painting. Its Stylistic and Thematic Evolution . Yale University Press, 2004, p. 250
  • Walter Liedtke: Dutch Painting in The Metropolitan Museum of Art , 2007, p. 512

Web links

Commons : Eglon van der Neer  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Joseph Eduard Wessely:  Neer, Eglon van der . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 23, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1886, p. 365 f.
personal data
SURNAME Neer, Eglon van der
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Neer, Eglon Hendrick van der (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Dutch Baroque painter
DATE OF BIRTH 1635 or 1636
PLACE OF BIRTH Amsterdam
DATE OF DEATH May 3, 1703
Place of death Dusseldorf