Johannes Spilberg

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Johann (es) Spilberg (born April 30, 1619 in Düsseldorf ; † August 10, 1690 ibid) was a German - Dutch court painter to Count Palatine Wolfgang Wilhelm , Elector Philipp Wilhelm and Elector Johann Wilhelm von der Pfalz . His work is assigned to Dutch baroque painting .

Life

Spilberg was born into a family of court painters. His uncle, Gabriel Spilberg, was a Spanish court painter. The father, Johannes Spilberg the Elder, had also become court painter under Duke Johann Wilhelm from Jülich-Kleve-Berg . As a deacon of the Reformed congregation (1624) and as councilor, he belonged to the respected bourgeoisie of the Jülich-Bergischen residence city of Düsseldorf. After Johannes Spilberg had finished school in addition to his first painting training that he received from his father, where he had been taught Latin, other languages ​​and various scientific subjects, Duke Wolfgang Wilhelm sent him to the in 1640 with a personally signed letter of recommendation Apprenticeship with Peter Paul Rubens in Antwerp . Since Rubens died in the same year, Spilberg went to Amsterdam to study with the painter Govaert Flinck for seven years. He soon gained a good reputation through history pictures and portraits , which in 1650 earned him the commission of the Amsterdam magistrate to paint a shooting society with Harmen Gijsbertsz van de Poll as captain. On July 3, 1649 he married Marrite Gerrits from Amsterdam, who gave birth to two sons and three daughters, and in 1650 his daughter Adriana , who later became the painter and wife of the Düsseldorf painters Wilhelm Breck (er) velt (1658–1687) and Eglon van der Neer (1636-1703). At the beginning of the 1650s, Duke Wolfgang Wilhelm called him to the Düsseldorf court as court painter, but Spilberg returned to Amsterdam in 1653. In 1661 he was called to Düsseldorf again, where he held the position of court painter until his death in 1690. From 1687 Spilberg owned his own house there on Ritterstrasse .

plant

Jaël , 1644, Gemäldegalerie Berlin
Wolfgang Wilhelm von Pfalz-Neuburg , 1648

The group picture of an Amsterdam rifle guild from 1650 is considered an early major work by Spilberg. As a Palatinate-Neuburg court painter, Spilberg portrayed a large number of princely people. Within his portrait painting, the picture woman in fantasy as a so-called Tronje , as a literary or allegorical figure in fantasy clothing and free painterly execution, occupies a special position. Since it was modeled on the same person as in the portrait of Jaël , it was probably made around 1644. It is in the pictorial tradition of Rembrandt and his students. The change in the painting style within a picture is characteristic of Spilberg; His portraits show more finely worked out surfaces, for example for faces and breasts, in an environment of sketchily painted areas, for example for robes and backgrounds. As an allegory of the Peace of Westphalia , Spilberg created the weapon still life, truce, in 1648 .

The following portraits of Spilberg have survived:

Web links

Commons : Johannes Spilberg  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Friedrich Schaarschmidt: On the history of Düsseldorf art, especially in the XIX. Century . Verlag des Kunstverein for the Rhineland and Westphalia, Düsseldorf 1902, p. 10 ( online )
  2. ^ Karl Leopold Strauven : About artistic life and work in Düsseldorf to the Düsseldorf painter school under director Schadow. Hofbuchdruckerei H. Voss, Düsseldorf 1862, p. 7 ff. ( Online )
  3. ↑ Hans-Joachim Raupp (Ed.): Portraits. Dutch painting of the 17th century from the SØR Rusche collection. LIT Verlag, Münster, Hamburg, London, 1995, ISBN 3-8258-2204-4 , p. 136 ( online )
  4. ^ Arnold Houbraken: De groote schouwburgh der Nederlantsche konstschilders en schilderessen . Gent, 1721, p. 42 f. ( online , playback on a website in the portal dbnl.org (2009) )
  5. ^ Friedrich Lau: History of the city of Düsseldorf. First volume: From the beginning to 1815 . Düsseldorf 1921, p. 199 ( online )
  6. ↑ Schaarschmidt, p. 10
  7. ^ Karl Leopold Strauven, p. 8
  8. ↑ Hans-Joachim Raupp, p. 136
  9. ^ Johann Spilberg - Waffenruhe , website in the portal lwl.org , accessed on February 2, 2014
  10. ↑ Wolfgang Wilhelm (1578–1653), Count Palatine near Rhein zu Neuburg, Duke of Jülich-Berg , website of the City Museum State Capital Düsseldorf in the portal duesseldorf.de , accessed on February 2, 2014
  11. ^ Friedrich Schaarschmidt: A portrait of the Elector Johann Wilhelm in the Königl. Art academy . In: Contributions to the history of the Lower Rhine. Journal of the Düsseldorf History Association . Seventeenth Volume, Düsseldorf 1902, p. 179 ( online )
personal data
SURNAME Spilberg, Johannes
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Spilberg, Johann
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German-Dutch court painter
DATE OF BIRTH April 30, 1619
PLACE OF BIRTH Dusseldorf
DATE OF DEATH August 10, 1690
Place of death Dusseldorf