Șagu

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Șagu
Segenthau, Dreispitz
Németság
Șagu does not have a coat of arms
Șagu (Romania)
Paris plan pointer b jms.svg
Basic data
State : RomaniaRomania Romania
Historical region : Banat
Circle : Arad
Coordinates : 46 ° 4 '  N , 21 ° 17'  E Coordinates: 46 ° 3 '48 "  N , 21 ° 16' 53"  E
Time zone : EET ( UTC +2)
Area : 102.66  km²
Residents : 3,776 (October 20, 2011)
Population density : 37 inhabitants per km²
Postal code : 317310
Telephone code : (+40) 02 57
License plate : AR
Structure and administration (as of 2016)
Community type : local community
Structure : Șagu, Cruceni , Firiteaz , Fiscut and Hunedoara Timișană
Mayor : Emilia Brăneț ( PNL )
Postal address : Strada Principală, no. 219
loc. Șagu, jud. Arad, RO-317310
Website :
The location of Gemeindeagu municipality in Arad county

Șagu ( German  Segenthau , popularly Dreispitz , Hungarian Németság ) is a municipality in the Arad district , Romania . The villages of Cruceni , Firiteaz , Fiscut and Hunedoara Timișană belong to the municipality of Șagu . Șagu is located south of the Marosch and is therefore part of the historical Banat region.

location

Șagu is located in the southwest of Arad County, 14 kilometers from the district capital Arad and 38 kilometers from Timișoara. The municipality is crossed by the European route 671 and the national road DN 69 Timișoara - Arad . The Șagu station is on the Timișoara – Arad railway line .

Neighboring places

Zădăreni Aradul Nou Fântânele
Mailat Neighboring communities Zăbrani
Vinga Seceani Firiteaz

etymology

For the first time in 1332 a place was mentioned in the papal tithe registers under the name Mezesag and Mezeusag . On the Müller map ( Comitat Csanadiensis ) from 1709 the place is marked as Schak and on the map of Count Claudius Florimund Mercy from 1723 to 1725 as Prädium Saag .

"Seegentau" (1771/72), "Segentau" (1782), "Segenthau" (1784), "Seegenthau" (1829) and "Szegenthau" (1830) are noted in the church registers.

For the origin of the name "Dreispitz", as the place is popularly known, there are several possible deductions, including from the hats of the immigrants, who are said to have worn triangular hats, or from the shape of the hotter with three corners. Another tradition says that the name can be traced back to the inn built at the settlement, the roof of which had three points.

The Hungarians called the place "Saag" and after the settlement with Germans "Németság". The Romanians always referred to the place as Șagu. Șagu has been the official name of the community since the 1920s.

history

The first landlords of the place were Stefan Ethele in 1489 , Peter Ravazdi in 1510 and Johann Kassai in 1561 . The settlement of Segenthau with the first German settlers falls during the Theresian settlement period . Carl Samuel Neumann Edler von Buchholt settled the first German colonists in Segenthau in 1770/71 and initially had 77 houses built. The 75 German families, 320 people, came mainly from Alsace , Lorraine , Baden-Württemberg , Bavaria and Upper Austria . During the reign of Emperor Joseph II , Segenthau was auctioned at the highest bidder. The new landowners in 1781 were the barons Stefan Atzel and Ignaz Vörös . For the villagers this meant a relapse into feudal rule.

The landlords Atzel-Szapary left a fort in Segenthau in the middle of a park with old trees. The fort was occupied by Serbian military units in 1918/19. In 1924 the building was demolished and the land that had become vacant was designated as house spaces.

After the Banat was annexed to Romania as a result of the Treaty of Trianon , the “agrarian reform” decided by the government (1922-1925) was carried out. As a result, the property of Count Stefan Szapari was expropriated and two yokes each were distributed to war orphans and invalids, as well as to landless farm workers.

Population development

count nationality
year population Romanians Hungary German Others
1880 4837 1727 326 2746 38
1910 5157 1631 472 3045 9
1966 5070 3355 204 1506 5
1977 5095 3644 217 1093 141
1992 3858 3525 175 72 86
2002 3862 3689 110 36 27
2011 3776 3238 111 34 393

economy

The main occupation of the residents was agriculture . Agriculture was mainly focused on growing grain . Some of the smallholders were tobacco growers . The connection of the community to the Timișoara – Arad railway line in 1871 had a positive effect on the community's economic development and the professional opportunities of the residents. Many Segenthauers learned a trade and found work in nearby Neu-Arad and Arad.

The Segenthau mill was built in 1912 and expanded in 1932 and was known beyond the borders of the municipality. In 1908, one of the first Raiffeisen cooperatives in the Banat was founded in Segenthau . The cooperative founded a bank, a milk hall and two stores. The land reform law of 1945 expropriated the agricultural property and confiscated all agricultural machinery.

With the nationalization of private property in 1948, the first state farms were established ( Romanian Întreprinderea Agricolă de Stat, IAS ). In 1949/50 the agricultural production cooperative “Scânteia Landwirtschaftagu ” was founded. From 1948 the handicraft businesses were nationalized, so that the majority of the residents had to work in the factories in Arad and Timisoara.

church

In 1771 the Catholic parish was founded. The church is a simplified baroque building . The main altar is decorated with an image of Mary , the side altars show Saint Wendelin on the left and a Sacred Heart altar on the right . Thanks to generous donations, the church was thoroughly renovated in 1929 and most recently in 1995.

school

At the time of settlement, the lessons were given by a teacher in a German mother tongue in a farmhouse. After the community had three buildings built, three teachers worked at the school for decades.

The lessons were in German until the Austro-Hungarian Compromise , then in Hungarian until the end of the First World War . The school also remained a denominational community school until 1947 . When the communists came to power in the course of the school reform of 1948, the school was nationalized, all assets were confiscated and teaching was separated from the church. The German elementary school was preserved as a department of the Romanian elementary school. The pupils in grades 5 to 7, however, were integrated into Romanian classes or were able to attend the German school in Engelsbrunn . In the school year 1965/66, a fifth grade with a German mother tongue was set up again. This laid the foundation stone for the establishment of classes 1–8 in German. In the years 1964–1967 the school was expanded. The gradual dissolution of the German second cycle began in the 1980/81 school year as the number of pupils declined. The primary school (grades 1–4) continued as simultaneous lessons until 1991.

Personalities

See also

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ 2011 census in Romania ( MS Excel ; 1.3 MB)
  2. ↑ Census, last updated October 30, 2008 (Hungarian; PDF; 766 kB)