Frumușeni

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Frumușeni
Schöndorf
Szépfalu
Frumușeni coat of arms
Frumușeni (Romania)
Paris plan pointer b jms.svg
Basic data
State : RomaniaRomania Romania
Historical region : Banat
Circle : Arad
Coordinates : 46 ° 6 '  N , 21 ° 28'  E Coordinates: 46 ° 6 '4 "  N , 21 ° 27' 36"  E
Time zone : EET ( UTC +2)
Height : 148  m
Area : 36.15  km²
Residents : 2,543 (October 20, 2011)
Population density : 70 inhabitants per km²
Postal code : 317122
Telephone code : (+40) 02 57
License plate : AR
Structure and administration (as of 2016)
Community type : local community
Structure : Frumuşeni, Aluniş
Mayor : Aurelian-Reginald Andronic ( PNL )
Website :
The Roman Catholic Church in Schöndorf

Frumușeni ( German  Schöndorf , Hungarian Szépfalu ) is a municipality in Arad County , Banat , Romania . The village of Aluniş (German Traunau, Hungarian Cserálja ) also belongs to the municipality of Frumuşeni .

Geographical location

Frumușeni is located on the left bank of the Marosch , in the north of the Banat, in the south of the Arad district, 17 kilometers southeast of the district capital Arad , on the DJ 682B county road.

Neighboring places

Fântânele Mândruloc Sâmbăteni
Neighboring communities Lipova
Tisa Noua Alioș Aluniș

history

The first documentary mention comes from the year 1311, when the "Villa Zeud" was mentioned in the area of ​​today's Frumușeni. In the 14th century, a church (1333) and a fort “Castellum Zewdy” (1471) appeared next to the market town “Zewdy”. Handwritten documents and old documents show that the area around Schöndorf has some historically interesting places. Excavations were carried out on the “Schanzberg” and “Gasbuckl”. The fortress "Szödi" was once located on the Schöndorfer Hotter. The relics, popularly known as the “Turk's Fountain”, are the remains of the “Bizere Monastery”.

On the Mercy map of 1723 the place was entered under the name "Sefdin". The place was settled with Germans in the time of the Theresian settlement in the years 1764–1766. The Romanians residing there were resettled to the “Prädium Klek”, in today's Serbia , because of unrest and the disturbed neighborly relationship . The official of the Lippa Salt Office, Carl Samuel Neumann Edler von Buchholt, was in charge of the construction work and the settlement . The settlers came mainly from the Rhineland , Baden-Württemberg , Luxembourg and Lorraine .

In 1768, Emperor Joseph II gave his consent to renaming Sefdin "Schöndorf". Schöndorf was an Urbarialgemeinde and was owned by the Vienna Court Chamber from its foundation until 1781 . In 1781 Schöndorf became private property. The new landlord "Michael Spech" took over the patronage of the village and the church. In 1794 he had a new house of prayer built with bells. The subsequent landlord and patron baron "Alexander Pronay de Tothpronna" had the dilapidated wooden church torn down between 1815 and 1825 and the church that still exists today was built. The old school was built in 1779 and the current school building was erected in 1866.

In the middle of the village there is a park with the Roman Catholic Church, the rectory and the school as well as the war memorial and the Trinity statue. After the Romanian Revolution of 1989 , a Romanian Orthodox Church was built at the eastern end of the park. The cultural center is now home to a small museum with archaeological relics from the sites of “Schanzberg”, “Türkenbrunnen” and “Ziegenhügel”.

Frumușeni became an independent municipality in 2004 when Fântânele (Engelsbrunn) broke away .

economy

The main occupation was agriculture and livestock . Vineyards spread out on the hills , and plum plantations were planted in the valleys near the Marosch . Even tobacco - and hemp cultivation was operated. Furthermore, willow plantations were created in the lowlands of the Marosch . The basketry was after the Second World War, after the expropriation of land , one of the main industries of the village. Schöndorf was known for its wickerwork and its export at home and abroad. There were two flour mills and eight shops in Schöndorf. Almost every craft was represented in the village .

After the Banat was annexed to Romania as a result of the Trianon Peace Treaty in 1920, there was initially positive economic development. The producers' cooperative was founded. This developed a consultancy activity with regard to the utilization of milk, procurement of seeds, pest control, artificial fertilizers, purchase and export of fattening pigs and grain as well as the use of agricultural machines of all kinds.

Due to the deportation to the Soviet Union in January 1945 and the deportation to the Bărăgan steppe in 1951, economic life in the town collapsed. After the expropriation in 1945 and the collectivization of agriculture , the village youth emigrated to Arad. After the 1978 agreement between Germany and Romania, many Schöndorfer emigrated to Germany in the course of family reunification . Their houses came into the possession of immigrant Romanians from other parts of the country, as a result of which there was a demographic change, which can be seen in the following table.

Demographics

census Ethnicity
year Residents Romanians Hungary German Other
1880 2403 118 75 2196 14th
1910 2288 77 131 2073 7th
1930 1757 66 17th 1657 17th
1977 1873 995 79 797 2
2002 1563 1445 72 36 10
2011 2543 2340 67 30th 106

See also

literature

  • Nikolaus Engelmann: Homeland book of the German community Schöndorf , Esslingen 1989.
  • Hans Bohn: Willows bend in the wind ... Local monograph, Pforzheim 1995.
  • Hans Prohaska: Chronicle Schöndorf. A German community in the Banat. Munich 1997.
  • Elke Hoffmann, Peter-Dietmar Leber and Walter Wolf : The Banat and the Banat Swabians. Volume 5. Cities and Villages , Media Group Universal Grafische Betriebe München GmbH, Munich, 2011, 670 pages, ISBN 3-922979-63-7 .

Web links

Commons : Frumușeni  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ 2011 census in Romania ( MS Excel ; 1.3 MB)
  2. ↑ a b c d e schoendorf-banat.de ( Memento from November 26, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
  3. ↑ banater-aktualitaet.de ( Memento of the original from August 2, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.banater-aktualitaet.de
  4. ↑ Information from the Romanian Parliament , accessed on September 9, 2018 (Romanian).
  5. ↑ kia.hu (PDF; 784 kB), E. Varga: Statistics of the number of inhabitants by ethnicity in the Arad district according to censuses from 1880 - 2002