Jozef Boguski

Józef Jerzy Boguski (born September 7, 1853 in Warsaw ; † April 18, 1933 there ) was a Polish chemist ( physical chemistry ).

Life

Boguski studied chemistry from 1871 at the University of Warsaw with the candidate exam in 1875. Then he was with Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev in St. Petersburg until 1878 . After his return he taught chemistry and physics at schools in Warsaw and in 1893 founded a small chemical factory. From 1896 he headed the chemical laboratory of the Warsaw technical center and in 1900 the technical-analytical laboratory of the Warsaw polytechnic . The Polytechnic was in Moscow in the First World War in 1915 and then to Nizhny Novgorod(Gorki) and in 1917 affiliated to the University of Nizhny Novgorod, where Boguski became a professor. In 1918 he was back in Warsaw as head of the central artillery research institute. In 1920 he received an honorary professorship at the Warsaw Polytechnic.

He is known for investigating the solution of solids with a Boguski equation describing the kinetics (1876).

He developed a process for the electrowinning of aluminum from cryolite and received a patent for it in Great Britain in 1884. In 1887 he sold the patent to Cowles & Lockport. It was not used industrially, but later played a role in the patent disputes over aluminum production. A similar process was developed and patented around the same time by Paul Héroult in France (with the patent for most European countries) and Charles Martin Hall , who received the patent in the USA. The process became known as the Hall-Héroult process .

He was a cousin of Marie Curie and taught her physics and chemistry before moving to Paris.

literature

• Winfried R. Pötsch (lead), Annelore Fischer, Wolfgang Müller: Lexicon of important chemists . Harri Deutsch 1989, ISBN 3-8171-1055-3 , p. 52f

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Przemysław Dereń on the Polish Physical Society at the APS, 2008