Jørund

Jørund († April 11, 1309 in Nidaros (now Trondheim) ) was a Norwegian archbishop . His 20-year term in office was marked by an irreconcilable dispute with his cathedral chapter .

Life

Nothing is known about his social and family background. He was a canon in Hamar, where he was ordained bishop in 1286 . With a letter of February 15, 1287, Pope Honorius IV. Jørund dissolved from the Diocese of Hamar and appointed him in April 1288 as the new Archbishop of Nidaros . In 1288 he confirmed the decision of Archbishop Jon Raude in the dispute between Bishop Árni Þorláksson von Skálholt and some large farmers in Iceland in favor of Árni. Árni had claimed the Nikolaikirche in Oddi and the Olavskirche in Vatnsfjord, together with the associated goods, for the cathedral in Skálholt .

The bitter conflict between his predecessor Jon Raude and the Royal Council came to an end in 1290 at the Bergen Settlement . The other privileges that had been granted to the church after 1270 were revoked and the legal status from the period before 1270 was restored.

The cathedral chapter insisted on the privileges it had from the time of its predecessor Jon Raude. It was alleged and proved by a testimony of the older clergy that the cathedral chapter could freely dispose of its benefices , that the archbishop had to seek advice and approval from the cathedral chapter when it came to economic decisions, the appointment of clergymen in offices and the imposition of the Excommunication go. The cathedral chapter performed all the functions of the archbishop in his absence. The canons had the right to food on certain days in the episcopal court and had a share in the income of the cathedral church. This testimony is seen as evidence that Archbishop Jørund was very arrogant towards the cathedral chapter, which in turn had strengthened its position during the years of sedis vacancy . A few years later the dispute came to a head due to economic measures taken by the archbishop without the participation of the cathedral chapter, so that Pope Nicholas VI. had to be dealt with. He had the dispute examined by a canon from Bergen. In the meantime, King Erik II intervened as a mediator. Around 1297 he came to a settlement that laid down the rights of the cathedral chapter to the extent from the time before Jørund's term in office, which concerned the cathedral chapter's ability to influence elections and important decisions within the diocese administration and ecclesiastical jurisdiction. The income of the cathedral chapter was fixed on the part that the archbishop would fix. Jørund swore the oath of allegiance to the king in 1297 and was made jarl in the same year . King Håkon Magnusson revoked this jarl dignity in 1310 because it had been bestowed without the knowledge and consent of the Pope. At the same time he released Jørund from the oath of allegiance.

As early as 1297, the dispute broke out again immediately after the settlement, and the cathedral chapter turned to the Pope again, which prompted Jørund to excommunicate the cathedral chapter. He made serious accusations against the cathedral chapter. Thereupon the Pope summoned the archbishop to his home. This broke up, but turned back in Paris and sent a representative to the Curia. Pope Boniface VIII then installed Bishop Narve von Bergen and a local canon as papal inquisitors and judges in this conflict, which in 1299 decided against Jørund on all points. There was another lawsuit between Jørund and the cathedral chapter, which Jørund also lost at the curia in 1302. Jørund then turned to the king, who in 1303 reached a settlement.

After that, Jørund's authority was significantly weakened. In the following years he stayed mostly outside of Nidaros, usually in mountains. In 1306 he held a provincial synod in Oslo. In 1309 he died in Nidaros.

Individual evidence

This article is essentially taken from the Norsk biografisk leksikon .

1. ↑ Papal letter to Jørund.
2. ↑ Dybdahl writes that he was appointed in the fall. But according to Regesten Vol. 2 No. 491, he wrote a letter to Iceland in his capacity as Archbishop on April 27, 1288.
3. ↑ Regesta Norvegica vol. 2 no. 491 .
4. ^ Regesta Norvegica vol. 2 no. 577 .
5. ↑ Regesta Norvegica vol. 2 no. 773 .
6. ↑ Regesta Norvegica vol. 2 no. 856 .
7. ↑ Diplomatarium Norvegicum Vol. 3 No. 39 .
8. ^ Regesta Norvegica, vol. 2, no. 884 .
9. ↑ Diplomatarium Norvegicum Vol. 1 No. 125 .
10. ↑ Regesta Norvegica vol. 2 no. 980
11. ↑ Regesta Norvegica Vol. 2 No. 888 .
12. ^ Regesta Norvegica vol. 2 no. 981 .
13. ↑ Regesta Norvegica Vol. 3 No. 45 .
14. ^ Regesta Norvegica vol. 3 no. 129 .
15. ↑ Regesta Norvegica vol. 3 no.331 .

literature

• Audun Dybdahl: Article “Jørund” in Norsk biografisk leksikon , accessed on June 4, 2011.

predecessor	Office	successor
Jon Raude	Archbishop of Nidaros 1288–1309	Eiliv Arnesson korte