Jewish community of Göcklingen

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The Göcklingen Jewish community in Göcklingen existed until around 1900. It belonged to the Landau district rabbinate .

history

Jews who lived in the Göcklingen area were named as early as the 17th century. The number of members of the Jewish community increased by the middle of the 19th century and reached its peak in 1835. The community belonged to the area of ​​responsibility of the district rabbinate Landau. From the middle of the 19th century, there were several waves of emigration and emigration, mainly to the United States and, in the course of advancing industrialization, to the larger cities. This meant that the number of Jewish residents of Göcklingen also declined. Approx. In 1900 the community lost its independence due to the small number of members. From this point on, the remaining inhabitants belonged to the Jewish community of Ingenheim . After 1924 the last three Jewish residents also left Göcklingen.

Development of the Jewish population

year Jews Jewish families comment
1801 26th
1808 41
1825 72 5 percent of the population of Göcklingen
1835 91
1848 61 11
1875 41
1900 13
1910 9
1924 3

Source: alemannia-judaica.de; jewische-gemeinden.de

Facilities

synagogue

Former synagogue

The synagogue was built around 1850 in today's Schulstrasse 17. After its abandonment around 1900, it was sold to a winemaker and is now used as a residential building.

Mikveh

The mikveh is still preserved today and is located in the back yard of the Sommer restaurant at Hauptstraße 12.

graveyard

The community did not have its own cemetery. The Jewish cemetery in Annweiler and from then on the Jewish cemetery in Ingenheim was used for burials until the end of the 17th century .

school

The community had a Jewish religious school. It was housed in the same building as the mikveh. These rooms are still preserved today, but are used as storage rooms.

Holocaust victim

In the memorial book - Victims of the Persecution of Jews under the National Socialist Tyranny 1933–1945 and in the Central Database of the Names of the Holocaust Victims of Yad Vashem , the following members of the Jewish community Göcklingen (who were born there or lived temporarily) are listed who were born during the time of Nazism were murdered:

Surname First name Time of death Age Place of death comment swell
Emma van Geldern July 29, 1942 83 years Theresienstadt ghetto Deportation on July 21, 1942 from Düsseldorf to Ghetto Theresienstadt (Transport VII / 1 / Zug Da 70. Deportation number in transport: 217). Yad Vashem (database, data set No. 11503791 and 4907561) / Memorial book for the victims of the Nazi persecution of Jews in Germany
Mayer Else unknown unknown Auschwitz concentration camp Deportation on October 22, 1940 from Karlsruhe to the Gurs internment camp . Deportation on August 10, 1942 from the Drancy assembly camp to Auschwitz concentration camp. Yad Vashem (database, record no. 11590796) / memorial book for the victims of the Nazi persecution of Jews in Germany
seal Gustav November 25, 1940 82 years Gurs internment camp Deportation on October 22, 1940 from Mannheim to Gurs internment camp. Yad Vashem (database, record no. 11633210) / Memorial book for the victims of the Nazi persecution of Jews in Germany
Wolff pink October 7, 1943 86 years Theresienstadt ghetto Emigrated to Luxembourg. Deported on April 6, 1943 from Luxembourg to Theresienstadt ghetto. Yad Vashem (database, record no. 11658198) / memorial book for the victims of the Nazi persecution of Jews in Germany
  1. ↑ Luxembourg is stated as the place of residence in both databases. However, Yad Vashem's central database of the names of Holocaust victims gives Dortmund as the starting point and April 10, 1943 as the date of the deportation. According to the chronology of the deportations from Luxembourg in the memorial book for the victims of the Nazi persecution of Jews in Germany , the transport in question left Luxembourg with 97 people on April 6, 1943 and ran via Dortmund. Arrival in the Theresienstadt ghetto was April 10, 1943. In this case, Yad Vashem's database refers directly to the memorial book. So there is a transfer error to the Yad Vashem database.

literature

  • Franz Schmidt: The stones speak: Evidence of Jewish life in the southern Weinstrasse district. Verlag Junge Literatur, Rhodt 1989, ISBN 978-3887172053 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Göcklingen (VG Landau-Land, district Südliche Weinstrasse) . alemannia-judaica.de. Retrieved April 26, 2020.
  2. ↑ a b Landau (Rhineland-Palatinate) . jewische-gemeinden.de. Retrieved April 26, 2020.
  3. ↑ Commemorative Book Victims of the Persecution of Jews under the National Socialist Tyranny in Germany 1933–1945 . Federal Archives. Retrieved April 26, 2020.
  4. ^ Central database of the names of Holocaust victims . Yad Vashem - International Holocaust Memorial. Retrieved April 26, 2020.