Jewish cemetery (Neustadt an der Waldnaab)

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The Jewish cemetery in Neustadt an der Waldnaab in Upper Palatinate ( Bavaria ) served as a burial place for the Jewish community of Neustadt an der Waldnaab until the end of the 17th century . Gardens have been on the site since 1779.

Gardens on the site of the former Jewish cemetery

Geographical location

The Jewish cemetery was located southwest of the old town between Freyung and Judengraben Street on the northwest bank of the Floß . It pulled itself on a narrow strip behind the houses of the Freyung from the corner of Theisseiler Straße / Judengraben on the north-west side of the Judengraben to the corner of Judengraben / Bräuhausstraße.

Houses inhabited by Jews in Neustadt an der Waldnaab in 1595

history

In 1358 Charles IV founded the Freyung district, where craftsmen and other traders as well as Jews were allowed to settle. You have been guaranteed freedom from all taxes and escort protection for transporting the goods for 10 years. This led to the settlement of Jews and the establishment of a Jewish community. The Jews preferred the southeast side of the street from Freyung. They were forbidden to open shops. Up to the present day (2019) there are only a few shops on this side of the street.

Judengraben

Behind this row of houses on a very narrow strip, the Jewish cemetery was laid out. The oldest surviving tombstone dates from 1648. It is in the Neustädter Stadtmuseum. It was the tombstone of a Frau Rösle, daughter of Nathan, who had recently died.

At the end of the 17th century, the tolerant, Protestant Countess Palatine Auguste Sophie von Pfalz-Sulzbach handed over power over Neustadt to her strict Catholic son, Prince Ferdinand August von Lobkowicz (1655–1715). This drove the Jews out of Neustadt and the Jewish cemetery fell into disrepair.

Now a trench was dug a little below the cemetery in which fish were raised. There is evidence from the year 1700 that the city councils of Neustadt obtained income from this fish farming. Fish farming was later abandoned and the trench was filled. In 1779, 18 small gardens were leased for the first time on this site for garden interest.

At the beginning of the 20th century, human bones were found during grave work on this site, which confirmed its use as a Jewish cemetery.

The street between Freyung and Floß is called Judengraben (also: Judengraves ). Today (2019) there are gardens on the north-west side of this street.

literature

Web links

Commons : site of the former Jewish cemetery (Neustadt an der Waldnaab)  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h Heinrich Ascherl: History of the city and rule Neustadt ad Waldnaab. , Editor: Stadt Neustadt ad Waldnaab, 1982, pp. 338–344
  2. ↑ a b c Neustadt an der Waldnaab (NEW) at alemannia-judaica. Retrieved August 6, 2019.
  3. ↑ a b Freyung and Judengraben at Bayernatlas. Retrieved August 6, 2019.

Coordinates: 49 ° 43 ′ 42 "  N , 12 ° 10 ′ 4"  E