JS Ec 3/4
The JS Ec 3/4 is a design of the Mogul steam locomotive of the former Jura-Simplon Railway (JS). A total of 37 locomotives were built in the Ec 3/4 design: JS 12 units; Series 601-612, replica SBB 17 pieces; Series 6513–6529 and BN 8 pieces; Series 1–8). The locomotives of the Bern-Neuenburg-Bahn (BN) received the index b instead of the c due to their higher speed .
Of the 17 locomotives of the type Ec 3/4, series 6513–6529 ordered by SBB, 15 locomotives were converted into extended locomotives of the type Ec 3/5, series 6601–6615.
After the war-related reserve was released and due to the surplus of steam locomotives after the end of World War II, eight locomotives of the type Ec 3/4 and a total of no less than 42 steam locomotives of the SBB were sold to the Netherlands to the Dutch State Railways .
All 37 locomotives of the type Ec 3/4, Ec 3/5 and Eb 3/4, including the eight locomotives of the type Ec 3/4 sold in the Netherlands, have now been decommissioned and demolished.
The locomotives of the types Ec 3/4 of the Gotthard Railway and Jura neuchâtelois , SLM Ed 3/4 and the Ec 3/5 of the Thunerseebahn are not part of this article.
Type Ec 3/4 type JS
| JS B3 / SBB Ec 3/4 | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Numbering: | JS 601-612 SBB 6501-6512 |
| Number: | 12 |
| Manufacturer: | SLM Winterthur |
| Year of construction (s): | 1900 |
| Retirement: | 1934-1949 |
| Axis formula : | 1'C |
| Gauge : | 1435 mm ( standard gauge ) |
| Length over buffers: | 10350 mm |
| Fixed wheelbase: | 3700 mm |
| Total wheelbase: | 6200 mm |
| Empty mass: | 40.1 t |
| Service mass: | 52.1 t |
| Friction mass: | 44.2 t |
| Top speed: | 65 km / h |
| Impeller diameter front: | 450 mm |
| Control type : | Walschaerts |
| Cylinder diameter: | 420 mm |
| Cylinder pressure: | 12 atm |
| Grate area: | 1.7 m 2 |
| Water supply: | 5.7 m 3 |
| Fuel supply: | 2.2 tons of coal |
history
As a replacement for the 3/3 coupled tank locomotives from Mulhouse ( André Koechlin & Cie and SACM ), the JS placed an order with Swiss industry at the turn of the century to build twelve powerful locomotives with three drive axles for prestressing and passenger train services. The Swiss Lokomotiv- und Maschinenfabrik in Winterthur built the JS locomotive type Ec 3/4, currently called B3, series 601-612. In the SBB's inventory, the designation of these locomotives fell to Ec 3/4 according to the new designation system . The numbering of these locomotives fell on the series 6501-6512.
This type of locomotive served in 1901 as a prototype for eight, slightly faster locomotives of the type Eb 3/4, page 1–8, adapted to the conditions of the Bern-Neuchâtel railway . In 1904, the SBB ordered 17 more identical Ec 3/4 locomotives.
construction
The tank engines of the type JS Ec 3/4 correspond almost exactly to the dimensions of JN -Lokomotiven Ec 3/4 of 1897. In the vapor machine, it was a wet steam - twin machine , which (bar 12.159) worked with a steam pressure of 12 atmospheres. The boiler was equipped with a Ramsbottom type safety valve. The engine was designed as an external engine . The drive took place on the middle of the three coupled axles. Control was based on the Walschaert system . The cylinders had a diameter of 420 mm. There are Ricour suction valves on the valve boxes, which prevent a vacuum in the cylinder and thus allow the steam engine to run better. Five locomotives of this series were equipped with the Langer smoke burner and eight locomotives with the simplified SBB smoke burner . The leading Bissel running axle had a diameter of 850 mm and was returned to the central position by means of a pendulum link. Since the locomotives only had a running axle on one side , they had to be turned on a turntable at the terminus where possible . Where this was not possible, the locomotive drove backwards - and with the drive axles first - backwards. This inevitably led to uneven running and increased wear and tear on the wheel and rail.
The locomotives were from the beginning with Westinghouse - air brakes equipped and possessed sechsklötzige drive wheel brakes. In the course of their career, the locomotives 6502, 6510–6512 were equipped with a direct-acting shunting brake, which only worked on the locomotive. The 12 Ec 3/4 6501-6512 were also provided with an external lever . The driver's cab was built all around as a closed construction. The sand dome was located on the boiler , the control device was operated by hand.
The axle pressure of this locomotive type was 15 t. The load norm for this type of locomotive was 140 t - 300 t for passenger trains on 0-25 ‰ gradients and 160 t - 800 t for freight trains. The locomotives had an output of 500 hp at 25 km / h.
JS was able to acquire the Ec 3/4 at a unit price of CHF 61,000.
commitment
The tank locomotives assigned to the 601–612 series, flying the JS flag, first ran on the standard gauge network of the JS, and after the takeover of the JS by the SBB from 1902, passenger trains according to the depot allocation on the network of the Swiss Federal Railways SBB.
Whereabouts
The 12 Ec 3/4 of the former Jura-Simplon Railway were retired between 1934 and 1955. While eight locomotives were sold in the Netherlands in 1945, the remaining locomotives in this series fell victim to the cutting torch. The eight Ec 3/4 sold to the NS were also scrapped in 1948–1949.
| JS number | SBB number | Serial number | Construction year | District allocation | Workshop | Superheater | Discarded | Whereabouts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 601 | 6501 | 1294 | 1900 | II | Biel / Bienne | 1927 | 1934 | cancellation |
| 602 | 6502 | 1295 | 1900 | II | Biel / Bienne | 1929 | 1947 | cancellation |
| 603 | 6503 | 1296 | 1900 | II | Biel / Bienne | - | 1943 | 1945 sold to the Nederlandse Spoorwegen used as NS 5601 1949 demolished |
| 604 | 6504 | 1297 | 1900 | II | Biel / Bienne | - | 1943 | 1945 Sale to the Nederlandse Spoorwegen NS Used as NS 5602 1949 Demolition |
| 605 | 6505 | 1298 | 1900 | II | Biel / Bienne | - | 1943 | 1945 Sale to the Nederlandse Spoorwegen NS Used as NS 5603 1949 Demolition |
| 606 | 6506 | 1299 | 1900 | II | Biel / Bienne | - | 1945 | 1945 Sale to the Nederlandse Spoorwegen NS Used as NS 5604 1949 Demolition |
| 607 | 6507 | 1300 | 1900 | II | Biel / Bienne | - | 1943 | 1945 Sale to the Nederlandse Spoorwegen NS Used as NS 5605 1949 Demolition |
| 608 | 6508 | 1301 | 1900 | II | Biel / Bienne | - | 1943 | 1945 Sale to the Nederlandse Spoorwegen NS Used as NS 5606 1948 Demolition |
| 609 | 6509 | 1302 | 1900 | II | Biel / Bienne | - | 1943 | 1945 Sale to the Nederlandse Spoorwegen NS Used as NS 5607 1948 Demolition |
| 610 | 6510 | 1303 | 1900 | I. | Biel / Bienne | 1934 | 1945 | cancellation |
| 611 | 6511 | 1304 | 1900 | I. | Biel / Bienne | - | 1943 | cancellation |
| 612 | 6512 | 1305 | 1900 | I. | Biel / Bienne | - | 1945 | 1945 Sale to the Nederlandse Spoorwegen NS Used as NS 5608 1948 Demolition |
Type Ec 3/4 type SBB
| SBB Ec 3/4 | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Numbering: | 6513-6529 |
| Number: | 17th |
| Manufacturer: | SLM Winterthur |
| Year of construction (s): | 1904-1910 |
| Retirement: | 1928 |
| Axis formula : | 1'C |
| Gauge : | 1435 mm ( standard gauge ) |
| Fixed wheelbase: | 3700 mm |
| Total wheelbase: | 6200 mm |
| Empty mass: | 40.5 t |
| Service mass: | 52.78 t |
| Top speed: | 65 km / h |
| Driving wheel diameter: | 1330 mm |
| Impeller diameter front: | 450 mm |
| Control type : | Walschaerts |
| Cylinder diameter: | 420 mm |
| Piston stroke: | 650 mm |
| Cylinder pressure: | 12 atm |
| Grate area: | 1.7 m 2 |
| Evaporation heating surface: | 107.6 m 2 |
| Water supply: | 5400 l |
| Fuel supply: | 2.5 tons of coal |
history
The young SBB needed more powerful passenger locomotives to supplement and replace the comparatively weak and aging locomotives of the integrated railway companies. Due to the positive experience with the Ec 3/4 6501–6512, the SBB finally ordered 17 more identical locomotives from the SLM.
construction
The construction of the locomotives 6513–6529 was identical to that of the 6501–6512 series. The locomotive No. 6513 was equipped with a direct-acting shunting brake, similar to the JS locomotives, which also only acted on the locomotive. The machine Ec 3/4 No. 6526 received an additional external lever during its career. All locomotives in this series were fitted with a Schmidt superheater in the 1920s . With the new as hot steam - twin engine working steam engine, a fuel saving of 20% was achieved.
commitment
Due to their relatively high speed and tractive power, the locomotives were used in the area of the assigned SBB district in front of passenger trains and preferably on branch lines.
Whereabouts
No. 5614 was sold as the only locomotive from the 5613–5629 series. It came to the Bulle-Romont-Bahn in 1938 and was used there as Ec 3/4 No. 1. In 1958 the locomotive was demolished. A year later, locomotive No. 6516 also fell victim to the cutting torch. All other locomotives were lengthened and converted to type Ec 3/5 locomotives.
| SBB number | Serial number | Construction year | District allocation | Workshop | Superheater | Scrapping | Conversion to Ec 3/5 | ... in the SBB workshop | Locomotive number after conversion |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6513 | 1615 | 1904 | I. | Biel / Bienne | 1928 | 1928 | Biel / Bienne | 6615 | |
| 6514 | 1616 | 1904 | I. | Biel / Bienne | 1926 | 1933 1945 Sale to the Bulle - Romont Bahn Nr. 1 1958 Demolition |
|||
| 6515 | 1617 | 1904 | I. | Biel / Bienne | 1924 | 1928 | Biel / Bienne | 6614 | |
| 6516 | 1618 | 1904 | I. | Biel / Bienne | 1926 | 1959 | |||
| 6517 | 1736 | 1906 | I. | Biel / Bienne | 1927 | 1927 | Biel / Bienne | 6613 | |
| 6518 | 1737 | 1906 | I. | Biel / Bienne | 1926 | 1926 | Biel / Bienne | 6612 | |
| 6519 | 1738 | 1906 | I. | Biel / Bienne | 1926 | 1926 | Biel / Bienne | 6611 | |
| 6520 | 1739 | 1906 | I. | Biel / Bienne | 1925 | 1925 | Rorschach | 6607 | |
| 6521 | 1740 | 1906 | I. | Biel / Bienne | 1925 | 1925 | Rorschach | 6606 | |
| 6522 | 1874 | 1907 | I. | Biel / Bienne | 1926 | 1926 | Biel / Bienne | 6609 | |
| 6523 | 1875 | 1907 | I. | Biel / Bienne | 1926 | 1926 | Biel / Bienne | 6610 | |
| 6524 | 1980 | 1909 | IV | Rorschach | 1926 | 1926 | Biel / Bienne | 6608 | |
| 6525 | 1981 | 1909 | IV | Rorschach | 1924 | 1924 | Rorschach | 6604 | |
| 6526 | 1982 | 1909 | IV | Rorschach | 1924 | 1924 | Rorschach | 6605 | |
| 6527 | 2068 | 1910 | I. | Biel / Bienne | 1923 | 1923 | Rorschach | 6602 | |
| 6528 | 2069 | 1910 | I. | Biel / Bienne | 1927 | 1922 | Rorschach | 6601 | |
| 6529 | 2070 | 1910 | I. | Biel / Bienne | 1923 | 1923 | Rorschach | 6603 |
Type Ec 3/5 type SBB
| SBB Ec 3/5 | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Numbering: | 6601-6615 |
| Number: | 15th |
| Manufacturer: | SLM Winterthur |
| Year of construction (s): | 1922-1928 |
| Retirement: | 1946-1961 |
| Axis formula : | 1'C1 ' |
| Gauge : | 1435 mm ( standard gauge ) |
| Impeller diameter front: | 450 mm |
| Control type : | Walschaerts |
| Fuel supply: | 5 t (coal) |
history
After informative test runs for about a month in 1921 on the Tösstalbahn with a Gürbetalbahn type Ec 3/5 locomotive, the SBB converted 15 locomotives of the 6513–6529 series to the former design.
construction
With the installation of the Schmidt superheater, the steam engine now worked as a superheated steam twin engine. The box was extended to accommodate an enlarged coal tender and a second Bissel barrel axle. The Bissel salmon came from other discarded steam locomotives and was placed under the coal box. A compensation lever was installed between the suspension spring of the Bissel axle and the rearmost coupling axle. In addition to the automatic brake, all 15 locomotives were also equipped with a regulating brake. The axle pressure was reduced to 13 t on the new Ec 3/5 locomotives of the 6601–6615 series.
The load on these locomotives was 200 t for passenger trains and 390 t for freight trains on a 10 ‰ gradient. On the Tösstallinie with a 30 ‰ gradient, the load was 105 t. Thanks to the use of the Schmidt superheater, fuel savings of 20% could be achieved.
In 1929 the locomotives 6608 and 6609 were equipped with exhaust steam injectors . Since these injectors did not prove themselves, they were removed again in 1932 and 1933. Between 1931 and 1934, the coal box was enlarged to a capacity of 5 t with attachments.
commitment
The main area of these locomotives were inclined branch lines with weaker superstructures. Thanks to the additional axle and the overall symmetry , the Ec 3/5 locomotives could also run backwards at 65 km / h. It was no longer necessary to turn off the locomotives at the terminal stations. These locomotives have proven their worth in operation.
Whereabouts
All 15 locomotives were scrapped and demolished between 1946 and 1961.
| SBB number | Serial number (Ec 3/4) | Conversion from Ec 3/4 No. | Year of renovation | District allocation | Workshop | Superheater | Scrapping | Whereabouts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6601 | 2069 | 6528 | 1922 | IV | Rorschach | 1927 | 1954 | cancellation |
| 6602 | 2068 | 6527 | 1923 | IV | Rorschach | 1923 | 1957 | cancellation |
| 6603 | 2070 | 6529 | 1923 | IV | Rorschach | 1923 | 1961 | cancellation |
| 6604 | 1981 | 6525 | 1924 | IV | Rorschach | 1924 | 1950 | cancellation |
| 6605 | 1982 | 6526 | 1924 | IV | Rorschach | 1924 | 1950 | cancellation |
| 6606 | 1740 | 6521 | 1925 | IV | Rorschach | 1925 | 1961 | cancellation |
| 6607 | 1739 | 6520 | 1925 | IV | Rorschach | 1925 | 1952 | cancellation |
| 6608 | 1980 | 6524 | 1926 | I. | Biel / Bienne | 1926 | 1958 | cancellation |
| 6609 | 1874 | 6522 | 1926 | I. | Biel / Bienne | 1926 | 1954 | cancellation |
| 6610 | 1875 | 6523 | 1926 | I. | Biel / Bienne | 1926 | 1959 | cancellation |
| 6611 | 1738 | 6519 | 1926 | I. | Biel / Bienne | 1926 | 1959 | cancellation |
| 6612 | 1737 | 6518 | 1926 | I. | Biel / Bienne | 1926 | 1950 | cancellation |
| 6613 | 1736 | 6517 | 1927 | I. | Biel / Bienne | 1927 | 1946 | cancellation |
| 6614 | 1617 | 6515 | 1928 | I. | Biel / Bienne | 1924 | 1949 | cancellation |
| 6615 | 1615 | 6513 | 1928 | I. | Biel / Bienne | 1928 | 1949 | cancellation |
Type Eb 3/4 type BN
| BN Eb 3/4 | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Numbering: | 1-8 |
| Number: | 8th |
| Manufacturer: | SLM Winterthur |
| Year of construction (s): | 1901-1905 |
| Retirement: | 1928, 1937 |
| Axis formula : | 1'C |
| Gauge : | 1435 mm ( standard gauge ) |
| Length over buffers: | 10350 mm |
| Fixed wheelbase: | 3700 mm |
| Total wheelbase: | 6200 mm |
| Empty mass: | 39.2 t |
| Service mass: | 50.2 t |
| Friction mass: | 42.6 t |
| Top speed: | 75 km / h |
| Indexed performance : | 800 hp |
| Driving wheel diameter: | 1520 mm |
| Control type : | Walschaerts |
| Cylinder diameter: | 450 mm |
| Piston stroke: | 650 mm |
| Cylinder pressure: | 12 atm |
| Boiler overpressure: | 12 atm |
| Grate area: | 1.8 m² |
| Tubular heating surface: | 116.8 m² |
| Superheater area : | 8.8 m² |
| Water supply: | 5.4 m³ |
| Fuel supply: | 2.2 tons of coal |
history
The first BN Ed 3/4 were built at the same time and with the same dimensions as the JS Ec 3/4 locomotives. Due to the standards of the Bern-Neuchâtel Railway , which corresponded to those of a branch line and not a main line, adjustments were necessary. The axle pressure had to be lowered, among other things. Since the locomotive reached a speed of over 65 km / h, the index b was used instead of c in the designation .
While the unit price of the first machines in the 1-8 series was CHF 53,400, the last machines were priced at CHF 60,000.
construction
Compared to the locomotives of the type JS Ec 3/4, the Eb 3/4 1–8 of the BN were lighter due to savings in the frame and reduction. The axle pressure fell to a total of 42 t. However, the drive wheels were made larger (1520 mm) and the cylinders were adapted to the increased machine performance (diameter 450 mm). At Eb 3/4 the piston rods were passed through at the front. With a steam pressure of 12 atm (12.159 bar), the locomotives achieved an output of 800 hp at 40 km / h.
commitment
The locomotives were mainly used in front of passenger and freight trains. Since they had to step in for revisions to the locomotives Ea 3/6 31–32 for their services, the Eb 3/4 were often overused.
Whereabouts
With the electrification of the BN in 1928, the Eb 3/4 became dispensable. In 1928, with the exception of locomotive 6, all other Eb 3/4 were scrapped. For the latter, the last hour struck in 1937. Locomotive 4 was sold to the Huttwil-Wolhusen-Bahn , kept its number there and was finally scrapped in 1937. Locomotives 4 and 6 ended up as scrap in Italy in the same year.
| BN number | Serial number | Construction year | Discarded | Whereabouts |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1278 | 1900 | 1928 | cancellation |
| 2 | 1279 | 1900 | 1928 | cancellation |
| 3 | 1280 | 1900 | 1928 | cancellation |
| 4th | 1281 | 1900 | 1928 | 1930 sold to the Huttwil-Wolhusen-Bahn, there No. 4 1937 sold as scrap to Italy |
| 5 | 1282 | 1900 | 1928 | cancellation |
| 6th | 1283 | 1900 | 1937 | Sale as scrap to Italy |
| 7th | 1443 | 1902 | 1928 | cancellation |
| 8th | 1658 | 1905 | 1928 | cancellation |
literature
- Alfred Moser : The steam operation of the Swiss railways 1847-2006. 7th, updated and supplemented edition. Published by the Swiss Association of Railway Amateurs. Basel 2006, ISBN 3-03300948-4 .