Jakob Friedrich Kolb

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Jakob Friedrich Kolb (* 1748 in Göppingen ; † May 16, 1813 in Kornelimünster ) was a German textile entrepreneur and the first mayor of the city of Aachen .

Live and act

Jakob Friedrich Kolb was born in Göppingen in 1748. He came from a Protestant family in Württemberg, which had produced many theologians. His brother was Eberhard David Kolb, a Protestant pastor in Feudenstein near Maulbronn, whose only son, Johann Gottfried Kolb, was the companion of his uncle Jakob Friedrich in 1797 and was his successor after his death in 1813.

Driven by wanderlust, Jakob Friedrich Kolb finally settled in Aachen and founded a cloth factory there in 1779. In 1787 he received citizenship of the city of Aachen and is known as a cloth merchant . Just a few years later, in 1794, and after Aachen was finally captured by the French army, Kolb was a member of the first ten-member municipal council of Aachen. In 1798 he was elected president of the cantonal union. Kolb, from a Protestant family in Württemberg and a member of the Aachen Freemasons , was regarded as a representative of the personal and political upheaval after years of nepotism and anarchy in the context of the Aachen neglect .

After the introduction of the hierarchical-centralized prefectural system on May 14, 1800, Kolb was appointed the first mayor of the Mairie Aix-la-Chapelle and confirmed by election in 1802. In 1804 he did not stand for re-election and was appointed Prefectural Council by Emperor Napoléon Bonaparte on the same day.

Like his successors in the office of Maire, Johann Wilhelm Gottfried von Lommessem and Cornelius von Guaita , Kolb was one of the important notables of the Département de la Roer , who were supposed to integrate the nobility and bourgeoisie into the new state as the basic pillar of French society. These notables were characterized by significant private and corporate assets as well as land holdings. Despite his late arrival, Kolb was one of the richest citizens of Aachen and had a fortune of 300,000 francs, which was considerable for the time. In addition, he was included in the list of Aachen deer shooters in 1802, which included numerous representatives of the new elite and who practiced archery.

In 1797 Jakob Friedrich Kolb took his nephew Johann Gottfried Kolb (1772-1835), who had also emigrated from Swabia to Aachen, into the cloth manufacture and married the Aachen pharmacist widow NN Coelln, who had a twelve-year-old daughter named Juliane Maria Coelln in her second marriage brought. Juliane Maria Coelln later married the nephew, companion and heir of her stepfather Johann Gottfried Kolb. Sons from this marriage (along with other children) were the banker and consul Karl von Kolb and the lawyer and vedutist Ludwig Kolb .

In 1807 Jakob Friedrich Kolb bought the imperial abbey Kornelimünster, which had only recently been secularized, along with the associated land for 45,000 francs and set up a new cloth factory there. The decisive factors were the building's low price and the company's urge to expand. After Jakob Friedrich Kolb's death, his nephew Johann Gottfried took over the factory, who in turn gave it up in 1822 and transferred it to the owner of the Aachen spinning mill , Gotthard Startz. His son of the same name continued it until his sudden unfortunate death in 1870 and the Startz heirs finally sold the building to the Prussian state in 1874, which set up a Catholic teachers' college there.

literature

  • Gall, Lothar (1991), From the old to the new bourgeoisie - the Central European city in upheaval 1780–1820 . Munich: Oldenbourg-Verlag, pp. 209, 212, 218f u. 221f. (Google Books) .
  • Hertner, Peter (1979), “Kolb, Karl”, in: Neue Deutsche Biographie 12, pp. 443f.
  • Koenig-Warthausen, Gabriele von (1934), Karl von Kolb. In: Württembergische Vierteljahrshefte für Landesgeschichte, vol. 40, pp. 97–115.
  • Koenig-Warthausen, Gabriele von (1941), Karl Kolb: Banker and Württemberg Consul in Rome 1800–186. In: Hermann Haering and Otto Hohenstatt (eds.), Swabian life pictures . Stuttgart: W. Kohlhammer, Vol. 2, pp. 303-313.
  • Krüssel, Hermann (2004), Horatius Aquisgranensis . Hildesheim: Olms-Verlag, p. 754 u. 801 (Google Books) .
  • Müller, Jürgen (1997), Personnel Changes in the Rhineland: Local Government on the Left Bank of the Rhine in the Revolutionary Period (1792–1799). In: Francia - Research on West European History , Vol. 24/2; German Historical Institute Paris, pp. 133ff. (digitized edition at the BSB)
  • Ziegler, Walter (Ed.) (1983), Romantic trip to the Filstal: the artistic discovery of a landscape in the 18th and 19th centuries 19th century . Publications of the Göppingen district archive, vol. 8. Weissenhorn: Konrad Verlag, p. 22. ISBN 3-87437-207-3

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Paul Fabianek: Consequences of secularization for the monasteries in the Rhineland. Using the example of the Schwarzenbroich and Kornelimünster monasteries. Verlag BoD, 2012, ISBN 978-3-8482-1795-3 , p. 30.
personal data
SURNAME Kolb, Jakob Friedrich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German cloth merchant and mayor of the city of Aachen
DATE OF BIRTH 1748
PLACE OF BIRTH Goeppingen
DATE OF DEATH May 16, 1813
Place of death Kornelimünster