James Graham, 2nd Baronet
Sir James Robert George Graham, 2nd Baronet (born June 1, 1792 at Naworth Castle, Cumberland , England , † October 25, 1861 in Netherby , Cumberland) was a British statesman .
Graham attended Westminster School and studied at Christ Church College of Oxford University .
He was first elected to the House of Commons as a Member of Parliament for Kingston upon Hull in 1818 . In 1824 he inherited the title of Baronet , of Netherby in the County of Cumberland from his father . In 1830 he became first lord of the Admiralty in the Earl Gray's ministry , as which he reduced the naval budget by more than £ 1 million. He made excellent contributions to bringing about the Reform Bill, but he was dismissed in 1834 when reforms were also being undertaken with the State Church in Ireland, and went from the Whigs to the Tory party .
In September 1841 he became State Secretary of the Interior under the Ministry of Robert Peel and loyally stood by his boss in the fight against the protective customs officers, but resigned at the same time as Peel in 1846 after he had heard of Giuseppe Mazzini by opening letters in 1844 , whereby the Neapolitan government was informed of the company of the Bandiera brothers , had drawn public indignation. Since then, popular jokes have called the secret opening of foreign letters to grahamize .
The Whigs through his earlier defection, the Tories alienated by his defense of free trade, he obtained a seat for the constituency of Ripon in 1847 through the influence of Earl Gray , which he represented until 1852. He was now at the head of some sort of middle party between the Whigs and the rigid Tories, fought fiercely at the Derby Ministry, and was appointed first Lord of the Admiralty in the Aberdeen-Russell coalition ministry in December 1852.
As such, he developed a great activity during the Crimean War ; but public opinion was disgruntled because of the poor success of the first campaign against him, and he was compelled to resign in February 1855 before the committee of inquiry set up at John Arthur Roebuck's request. He refused the seat in the cabinet offered by Henry Palmerston in 1859; but he still remained an avid and influential member of the House of Commons , now for the Carlisle constituency, and took an active part in its debates. He died on October 25, 1861 on his country estate.
According to him, these are Graham Land and the Graham Coast in Antarctica and Graham Iceland named the Pacific.
Web links
- Sir James Graham at Hansard (English)
- Rt.Hon. Sir James Robert George Graham, 2nd Bt. On thepeerage.com
| predecessor | Office | successor |
|---|---|---|
| James Graham | Baronet, of Netherby 1824-1861 |
Frederick Graham |
| Robert Dundas |
First Lord of the Admiralty 1830–1834 |
George Eden |
| Constantine Phipps |
Home Secretary 1841-1846 |
George Gray |
| Algernon Percy | First Lord of the Admiralty 1852–1855 |
Charles Wood |
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Graham, James, 2nd Baronet |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Graham, James Robert George |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | British politician, member of the House of Commons |
| DATE OF BIRTH | June 1, 1792 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Naworth Castle, Cumberland |
| DATE OF DEATH | October 25, 1861 |
| Place of death | Netherby , Cumberland |