Jan Bleuland

Jan Bleuland , painting by Pieter Christoffel Wonder , 1818/1819

Jan Bleuland (born July 20, 1756 in Gouda , † November 8, 1838 in Utrecht ) was a Dutch medic .

Life

The son of the building contractor Jasper Bleuland and his wife Aafken de Jonge came from a good middle-class background. He initially attended the Latin school in his birthplace and completed an internship at a local pharmacy for a year. In 1774 he began studying medicine at the University of Leiden . Here he was a student of the father of Dutch medical iconography Eduard Sandifort (1742-1814) and received his doctorate there on June 21, 1780 with the inaugural writing " Difficili aut impedita alimentorum depulsione " (freely translated: About the difficult or prevented swallowing of food ) for Doctor of medicine.

Then he returned to Gouda as a city doctor. Here he developed a widely respected activity as an author of medical writings, which gained an excellent reputation for its illuminating illustrations. This call earned him an appointment as professor of anatomy, surgery and obstetrics at the University of Harderwijk on August 12, 1791 , which position he took up with the speech Oratio qua memoria HD Gaubii cum omnibus, tum praesertim Medicinae studiosis commendatur (Harderwijk 1791). In 1793/94 he was also rector of the Harderwijk Academy, which he resigned on July 11, 1794 with the speech de Anatomiae subtilioris pretio recte statuendo (Harderwijk 1794).

On October 14, 1795 he was appointed professor of anatomy, physiology, zoology and obstetrics at the University of Utrecht and took up this position on November 20, 1795 with the speech de fabrica et functionibus corporis humani et animalium brutorum dissectione prudeuter illustrandis . After he became rector of the Utrecht University for the first time in 1799, he resigned from office on March 26, 1800 with the speech de Vi exempli et sympathiae imitatricis . In 1804 Philippus Franciscus Heyligers took over his professorship in physiology and obstetrics from him. After he had been appointed Knight of the Dutch Union by Louis Bonaparte , he became his consultant doctor during his stay in Utrecht in 1809.

When teaching at the Utrecht Academy was briefly discontinued in 1815, after the restoration of the same he obtained the first medical professorship and was active as the rector of the Alma Mater a second time in 1816/17, which office he took on March 26, 1817 with the speech de Vitae fructu, quo animalibus praestant homines, e corporis etiam conformatione conspicuo laid down. Bleuland made more than 2000 anatomical specimens during his life. After his retirement in 1826, King William I of the Netherlands bought this collection for the anatomical museum of the University of Utrecht, for which Bleuland published a catalog of the collection from 1826 to 1828 under the title Otium Academicum, continens descriptorium speciminum nonnullorum patrium copris humani et animalium subtiloris anatomiae ope in physiologorum usum praeparatorum, aliarumque, quibus morbum organicorum natura illustratur .

For his extensive work, he received the Order of the Dutch Lion from the King . In the field of medical iconography in particular, he and his draftsman van der Jagt tried to push through the publication of his colored copper prints, which were still very rare at that time. Bleuland is still one of the generation of physicians who distinguished themselves particularly through their skill, but for whom the joy of making preparations was paramount, even if the scientific value was disproportionate to the effort put into them. He has also earned a reputation as an art collector and has received a lot of recognition over the course of his life. He was elected director of the Utrecht Society of Arts and Sciences, he was a member of the Dutch Society of Sciences in Haarlem, a member of the Society for the Promotion of Surgery in Amsterdam and many other national and foreign learned societies.

family

Bleuland was married twice. He married Adriana Cornelia on March 15, 1781 in Leiden, the daughter of the Leiden doctor Adrianus Cuijpers and his wife Johanna Bronkwaal. After the birth of his daughter Aafje (born August 14, 1783) his first wife died. On August 12, 1785, he married Catharina Blauw, who came from Leiden. The daughter Henriette Cornelia comes from this marriage.

Works

• De difficili aut impedita alimentorum depulsione. 1780 ( online )
• Experimentum anatomicum, quo arteriolarum Lymphaticarum existentia probabiliter adstruitur. Leiden 1784 ( online )
• Observationes anatomico-medicae de sana ac morbosa Oesophagi structura. Leiden 1785 ( online )
• Tractatus de difficili aut impedito alimentorum ex ventriculo in duodenum progressu observationibus clinicis atque tabulis anatomicis illustratus. Leiden 1787.
• Icones hepatis fetus octimestris, quam impletis vasculis arterioris, naturali colore expressam edidit J. Bleuland. Utrecht 1789 ( online )
• Icones tunicae villosae intestini duodeni, juxta felicem vasculorum impletionem, ipsis coloribus, qui in praeparato conspiciuntur edita. Utrecht 1789 ( online )
• Oratio de fabrica et functionibus corporis humani. 1796.
• Vasculorum in intestinorum tenuium tunicis, subtilioris Anatomes ope detegendorum, descriptio iconibus ad naturae fidem pictis illustrate. Utrecht 1797 ( online )
• Icones anatomico-pathologicae partium corporis humani. 1826 ( online ), 2nd vol. ( Online )

literature

• August Hirsch , Ernst Julius Gurlt : Biographical lexicon of the outstanding doctors of all times and peoples. Volume 1, Urban & Schwarzenberg, Vienna / Leipzig 1884, p. 485.
• Theodor Puschmann : Handbook of the history of medicine. - The more recent times. Verlag Gustav Fischer, Jena 1908, pp. 250-251.
• Adolph Carl Peter Callisen: Medicinisches Writer's Lexicon of the now living authors. Volume 26, Copenhagen 1838, p. 323. ( online ).
• Wap: Astea - Maandschrift voor schoone Kunst, Wetenschap en Letteren. JD Doorman, Utrecht 1854, 3rd year 1853, pp. 219-221. ( online , Dutch).
• Genes knowledgeable bijdragen. Part 3, Verlag de weduwe, J. Allart, Rotterdam 1830, p. 30. ( online , Dutch).
• General constants Letterbode. Volume 2, Wed. A. Loosjes, Haarlem 1839, p. 450. ( online , Dutch).
• Simon Thomas: BLEULAND (Jan). In: Philipp Christiaan Molhuysen , Petrus Johannes Blok : Nieuw Nederlandsch Biografisch Woordenboek (NNBW). Volume 1, Sijthoff Verlag, Leiden 1911, Sp 370-371. ( online , Dutch).
• Abraham Jacob van der Aa : Biographical woordenboek der Nederlanden, bevattende levensbeschrijvingen van zoodanige people, who zich op eenigerlei wijze in ons vaderland vermaard made. Volume 2, part 1, Verlag JJ Van Brederode, Haarlem 1854, pp. 614-618. ( online , Dutch).

Web links

• Prof. Med.dr. J. Bleuland in the Catalogus Professorum Academiae Rheno-Traiectinae
• Bleulandkabinet in the Utrecht University Museum (Dutch)