Petrus Johannes Blok
Petrus Johannes Blok also: Pieter Jacob Blok (born January 10, 1855 in Den Helder , † October 24, 1929 in Leiden ) was a Dutch historian .
Life
Petrus Johannes Blok was the son of the school owner Cornelis Johannes Blok († March 4, 1875) and his wife Dieuwertje Ruijter. He initially attended his father's school and had attended high school in Alkmaar with Jan Jacob de Gelder (* October 12, 1802 in The Hague; † April 15, 1890 in Alkmaar). Then he studied from September 22, 1873 classical literature at the University of Leiden . Here Carel Gabriel Cobet , Willem Georg Pluijgers (born February 18, 1812 in Zwolle, † April 30, 1880 in Leiden), Matthias de Vries , Reinhart Dozy , Jan Pieter Nicolaas Land and Robert Jacob Fruin became his teachers. On December 14, 1876, he passed his candidate examination and passed his admission procedure for doctoral studies on December 7, 1878. This took place on June 21, 1879 with the font Sextus Pompejus Magnus Gnaei filius in classical literature. On August 4, 1879, he became a teacher of Dutch language and history at the municipal high school in Leiden . During that time he studied the history of the city in the Middle Ages. The fruit of his labor appeared in 1883 under the title Eene Hollandsche stad in de Middeleeuwen . A year later, a second publication about a town in the Burgundian Netherlands followed under the title Eene Hollandsche stad onder de Bourgondisch-Oostenrijksche heerschappij .
With these works he had gained such fame due to his solid working method that in 1884 he was appointed professor of Dutch history at the University of Groningen . He took on this task on September 26 of the same year with the speech Het doel van de beoefening der geschiedenis (freely translated into German: The meaning of the studies of history). Here he founded the historical society in Groningen, revived the local folk almanac and worked as a librarian at the University Library of Groningen in 1886/1887 . He also traveled tirelessly - especially during his Groningen years - to the archives in England, France, Germany, Austria and Belgium in order to track down new sources on Dutch history.
His reputation grew through a large number of publications, so that on May 21, 1894, he was appointed to the professorship of Dutch history at the University of Leiden. He took on this task on October 6, 1894 with his introductory speech De Geschiedenies als sociale wetenschap (freely translated into German: History as a social science). Here he also took part in the organizational tasks of the university and was rector of the Alma Mater in 1910/1911 . From 1894 to 1897 he taught Dutch history to the Dutch Queen Wilhelmina as a private tutor at Het Loo Castle , and later, at the University of Leiden, to her daughter, Princess Juliana . At the age of 70, he retired from his professorship on May 25, 1925.
Blok also became known as the editor of the Dutch lexicon Nieuw Nederlandsch Biografisch Woordenboek (New Dutch Biographical Dictionary), to which he has contributed more than 300 articles. To this end, he participated as an editor in specialist journals. His individual biographies on Wilhelm I. van Oranje , Friedrich Heinrich von Oranien and Michiel de Ruyter have also not gone unnoticed. His History of the Netherlands was also translated into German (1902–1918) and English (1898–1902, 1907–1913). He was a co-founder of the Dutch Historical Institute in Rome and co-founder of the historical association Oud-Leiden.
family
Petrus Johannes Blok was married twice. His first marriage was on July 14, 1881 in Leiden with Maria Dorothea Felix (born March 14, 1857 in Leiden; † August 23, 1908 ibid.), The daughter of Christiaan Hendrik Felix and Johanna Maria Boucher. There are two sons and a daughter from their first marriage. We know the sons Peter Robert Blok I (born January 25, 1887 in Groningen; † July 4, 1887 ibid.), Peter Robert Blok II (born June 17, 1888 in Groningen), married. April 1914 in Leiden with Anthonetta Christina Dinckgreve (born June 26, 1881 in Hengelo) and daughter Johanna Maria Blok (born July 8, 1883 in Leiden). His second marriage was on April 12, 1911 with Johanna Frederika Kuiper (* around 1859 in Hellendoorn; † December 10, 1922 in Leiden), the daughter of Johannes Albertus Kuiper and Helena Wolthuis.
Honors and memberships in scientific associations
Petrus Johannes Blok was a Knight of the Order of the Dutch Lion , he became Commander of the Order of the Crown of Italy , carried the Commander's Cross of the Order of Orange-Nassau and was an officer of the l'Instruction Publique.
In 1904 he received an honorary doctorate in philosophy from the University of Marburg and in 1909 an honorary doctorate in history from the University of Leuven .
Blok became a foreign member of the Commission for Patriotic History in Venice , in 1886 he became a member of the Groningen Historical Society, 1892 a member of the Royal Dutch Academy of Sciences , 1906 a member of the Göttingen Academy of Sciences , 1913 he became an honorary member of the Historical Society in London and 1903 / 1904 Chairman of the Maatschappij der Nederlandsche Letterkunde (freely German translated: Society of Dutch Literature) in Leiden.
Works (selection)
- Lodewijk van Nassau. 1889
- Friesland in the Middle Ages. 1891
- Geschiedenis van het Nederlandsche Volk. 1892
- Histoire de Belgique. Brussel, 1909-1932, 7th vol.
- Willem de Eerste: prins van Oranje. Vol. 1. 1919, Vol. 2 1920
- Michiel Adraanszoon de Ruyter. 1930
literature
- Hendrik Brugmans : Levensbericht van Petrus Johannes Blok. In: Jaarboek van de Maatschappij der Nederlandse Letterkunde. Amsterdam, 1930, pp. 1–30, ( Online , PDF , Dutch)
- A.Th. van Deursen: BLOK, Petrus Johannes (1855–1929). In: Biographical Woordenboek van Nederland. The Hague, 1979, vol. 1. ( Online , Dutch)
- Jaarboekje voor geschiedenis en oudheidkunde van Leiden en omstreken. 1930, ( Online PDF )
- Prof. Dr. PJ BLOK †. In: Leidsch Dagblad. October 24, 1929 p. 1 ( online )
Web links
- Blok in the digital library of Dutch literature (DBNL)
- Blok at the Royal Dutch Academy of Sciences (KNAW)
- Blok in the professorial catalog of the University of Leiden
- Blok in the professorial catalog of the University of Groningen
Individual evidence
- ↑ Jo Tollebeek: Een slapeloos doorhaben van alle dingen. Over divorced historical cultuur . Prometheus, Amsterdam 2017, ISBN 978-90-446-3289-7 , pp. 199-207: Lessen aan de Koningin. PJ Blok, Wilhelmina en de vaderlandse geschiedenis , here p. 199.
- ↑ Wilhelmina: Lonely and yet not alone . Evangelisches Verlagswerk, Stuttgart 1961, pp. 69–70.
- ↑ Holger Krahnke: The members of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen 1751-2001 (= Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Philological-Historical Class. Volume 3, Vol. 246 = Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Mathematical-Physical Class. Episode 3, vol. 50). Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2001, ISBN 3-525-82516-1 , p. 42.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Blok, Petrus Johannes |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Blok, Pieter Jacob |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Dutch historian |
| DATE OF BIRTH | January 10, 1855 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | The hero |
| DATE OF DEATH | October 24, 1929 |
| Place of death | Suffer |