Jesuit Mission Arnsberg

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The Jesuit Mission Arnsberg was created in 1651 for the purpose of the popular mission in the Duchy of Westphalia . It existed in this form until the Jesuits were abolished in 1773. Since then, the building has been used by the Jesuit Mission in various functions, most recently as a land registry office. Today the department for EU funding of the Arnsberg district government is housed there.

Jesuit mission in Arnsberg

History of the Jesuit settlement in Arnsberg

According to unconfirmed reports, Jesuits are said to have been active in Arnsberg from 1622 onwards. However, they can only be verified for the year 1651, when the Lower Rhine Provincial of the Jesuits sent two priests to Arnsberg at the request of the Archbishop of Cologne, Maximilian Heinrich von Bayern . These began in July of that year with the popular mission , which subsequently became one of the main tasks of the Jesuits. They also looked after the Arnsberg castle chapel for the sovereign from the start. In addition, they worked as temporary help in pastoral care, for example in Arnsberg, but also in the predominantly Protestant Iserlohn (1746). Around 1712 they gave more sermons in Soest to the Brotherhood of Death and the Catechetical Brotherhood .

Her area of ​​activity initially extended to the former county of Arnsberg . From around 1682 the mission area was expanded to include large parts of the then Duchy of Westphalia. The area was divided into a north and a south part of the Ruhr , in each of which two priests were supposed to do missionary work. In 1697 the mission area extended to over 117 parishes. In addition, the Jesuits also devoted themselves to science. Joseph Zittart drew a map of the Duchy of Westphalia, which was engraved in 1707 and then published several times by a publisher in Arnsberg.

Missionary work often led to conflicts with pastors and members of other religious orders. This can be seen in the recurring calls by the Archbishops of Cologne and their auxiliary bishops to the clergy to support the Jesuits in their mission. In Arnsberg there were several tensions with the Wedinghausen Monastery , which owned the parish rights in the city. The Jesuits succeeded in taking over the court chaplaincy in Arnsberg Castle from the Premonstratensians of Wedinghausen , which was endowed with an annual pension of 24 Reichstalers.

In the sources, the branch "Geringe Residenz zu Arnsberg" (1652), "Mission in Arnsberg" (1656), "Missio Arnsbergensis" (1730) and "Mission Patrum Societatis Jesu in Arnsberg" (around 1730) is mentioned. At first it was subordinate to the Cologne College, later to the College in Bonn. In the sources we encounter the Jesuits as "superior", "prese", "economist", "spiritual brother" and "kitchen manager".

The first two priests probably lived in the castle at first. From 1654 onwards, the Archbishop of Cologne bought several properties for them in the upper town of Arnsberg. He acquired the “Buddenhof” surrounded by a curtain wall and the “Wreden House”, into which the Fathers moved around this time. The capital for this came from Elector Maximilian Heinrich, who left the brothers 500 thalers that Johannes Jobst von Hanxleben zu Ostwig had to pay because of an excess.

The initially modest income improved in 1682 through three additional sources. The elector gave the order another 1000 thalers from the same fines. In addition, there was a share of the 5000 thalers donated by the Paderborn bishop Ferdinand von Fürstenberg for the missionary work of the Jesuits in Westphalia and Enger. Another thousand thalers came from Landdrosten Friedrich von Fürstenberg .

This enabled the Jesuits to have their own mission house and chapel completed by 1690. The mission house was rebuilt and enlarged around 1730. The chapel was rebuilt and consecrated in 1733. When Arnsberg was bombarded during the Seven Years' War , both buildings burned down in 1762. The Fathers then moved into a tenement house until they could move into the rebuilt mission house in 1769. The reconstruction of the chapel apparently dragged on until at least 1770. With the abolition of the Jesuit order in 1773, the Arnsberg Jesuit branch was also dissolved. The last superior died there in 1782 at the age of over 80.

Walter Wahle found that there was a Jesuit mission house in Arnsberg, but that for the longest time it had existed it housed two separate institutions: the electoral or Maximilian mission and the Ferdinand mission. Both missions worked independently side by side.

Re-use of the building

The house was donated to the new Bonn University by the Archbishop of Cologne in 1788 . The electoral bakery and a brewery for the state parliament were housed in the building. In 1788, the cathedral waiter Freiherr von Wrede zu Amecke bought the property and rented it out. After the Cologne Cathedral Chapter and other authorities of the electoral state had escaped from the French revolutionary troops, some of the state files were hidden here. In 1803, Pastor Friedrich Adolf Sauer moved the teacher training institute originally located in Rüthen there. After the Hessian organizational commission had acquired the building in 1804, the Prussian land registry administration moved there in 1816. The surveying administration remained in the building until 2008, most recently as a department of the Arnsberg district government , then followed by the department of competence center for integration and then the department for EU funding.

In the 19th and 20th centuries the building underwent numerous structural changes. After a fire in 1850, the south wing of the complex was not rebuilt. The remaining parts of the building were later added.

Archival tradition

In 1762, in addition to the real estate, a large part of the files in the Jesuit settlement appear to have been burned. The remaining documents were later transferred to the Münster State Archives . Documents and files on the history of the Jesuit mission in Arnsberg can also be found in the Cologne City Archives, the Archbishopric Paderborn and the Arnsberg City Archives . Almost nothing is known about the history of the library and its whereabouts.

List of the superiors

  • 1652–1653 Henning Knel
  • 1656/1664 Gerard (?) Wickede
  • 1668/1670 Everhard Berhorst
  • 1681/1682 Werner Heslingh
  • 1687/1692 Jakob Schorn
  • 1697/1697 Philipp Löhrer
  • 1697/1709 Godefridus Sittartz
  • 1700/1724 Gaudenz Bergh
  • 1709/1709 Peter Berres
  • 1712/1723 Wilhelm Krispen
  • 1718/1718 NN Kaff
  • 1729/1729 NN Romans
  • 1733/1745 Joseph Flaskamp
  • 1747/1751 Ignatz Helling
  • 1763/1765 Franz Wasmuth
  • 1769/1773 Adam Röingh

Remarks

  1. The slash separates the first and last mention

literature

  • Klaus Baulmann: Jesuits - Minorites - Franciscans - Capuchins. Monasteries and religious orders in the early modern period. In: Harm Klueting (Ed.): The Duchy of Westphalia. Volume 1: The Electorate of Cologne Duchy of Westphalia from the beginnings of Cologne's rule in southern Westphalia to secularization in 1803. Aschendorff, Münster 2009, ISBN 978-3-402-12827-5 , pp. 521-528.
  • Michael Gosmann: The Arnsberg Jesuit Mission . In: Heimatstimmen Arnsberg. 11, 1990, pp. 50-62.
  • Uwe Haltaufderheide: The architectural monuments of the city of Arnsberg . Collection period 1980–1990. City of Arnsberg, Arnsberg 1990, p. 46f.
  • Karl Hengst (Ed.): Westphalian monastery book. Part 1: Ahlen - Mülheim. Aschendorff, Münster 1992, ISBN 3-402-06886-9 , pp. 35-39, ( Sources and research on the history of church and religion 2, publications of the Historical Commission for Westphalia 44).
  • Karl Féaux de Lacroix : History of Arnsberg. HR Stein-Verlag, Arnsberg 1895 (reprint: Verlag der A. Stein'schen Buchhandlung, Werl, 1983, ISBN 3-920980-05-0 ), p. 408f.
  • Walter Wahle: The missions of the Jesuits in Arnsberg. Bonifatius Druckerei, Paderborn 1995, ISBN 3-00-000205-7 .

Coordinates: 51 ° 23 '55.2 "  N , 8 ° 3' 49"  E