Yevgeny Alexeyevich Preobrazhensky
Yevgeny Alexejewitsch Preobrazhensky ( Russian Евгений Алексеевич Преображенский ; born February 3, 1886 in Bolchow , Russian Empire , † July 13, 1937 in Moscow ) was a Soviet revolutionary and politician.
Life
In Bolkhov in 1886 Oryol born Preobrazhensky joined in 1903 the Bolshevik faction of the Social Democratic Labor Party of Russia at. From 1904 to 1905 he was a member of the party office for the Urals region and from autumn 1909 a member of the party office of Irkutsk . From 1917 to 1918 he was a candidate for the Central Committee of the party and from 1918 a candidate for the Regional Committee of the Urals. At this time he joined the left opposition within the party that spoke out against the Brest-Litovsk peace treaty with the German Reich .
From May 1918 Preobrazhensky was chairman of the presidium of the regional committee for the Urals and as the holder of this post was directly involved in the murder of the tsarist family . From 1920 to 1921 he was secretary of the Central Committee and member of the Politburo of the Communist Party . From 1922 Preobrazhensky was chairman of the Finance Committee and a member of the Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR . He was also head of the People's Commissariat for Education and from 1920 to 1930 a leading economist in the Soviet Union. He developed the plan to industrialize the country and was an opponent of NEP . From 1924 Preobrazhensky was one of the editors of the party newspaper Pravda and in this capacity supported Leon Trotsky and the left opposition in the communist party. In 1927 Preobrazhensky was excluded from the party for the first time because of the operation of an illegal printing company. In the following year he was sent back to the Urals region, where he worked in some planning offices. In the summer of 1929 Preobrazhensky published a letter with Karl Radek and Iwar Smilga in which the authors announced their break with the ideology and organization of Trotskyism .
As a result, Preobrazhensky was reinstated in the party in January 1930 and sent to the Nizhny Novgorod Planning Committee . From 1932 Preobrazhensky was then a member of the board of the People's Commissariat for Light Industry and later head of the People's Commissariat for state farms. In January 1933 Preobrazhensky was again expelled from the party and questioned by the GPU . In 1936 he was finally expelled from the party in the wake of the Great Terror and arrested on December 20, 1936. After he refused to confess, Preobrazhensky was sentenced to death on July 13, 1937 and shot .
In 1970 Preobrazhensky's partner Polina Winogradskaya died . On December 22, 1988, he was rehabilitated by a decision of the Supreme Court of the USSR.
Works
Selection:
- The ABC of communism , together with Nikolai Bukharin
- Die neue Ökonomik , Verlag Neuer Kurs GmbH, Berlin 1971 (Original: 1926)
- Anarchism and Communism (Original: 1918)
- From NEP to socialism (Original: 1922)
source
- Several short biographies (from various encyclopedias), keyword Преображенский Евгений Алексеевич, online at: www.hrono.info , in Russian, accessed on August 19, 2010
Web links
- Literature by and about Jewgeni Alexejewitsch Preobrazhensky in the catalog of the German National Library
- Evgenij Preobrazhensky in the Marxists Internet Archive
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Preobrazhensky, Evgeny Alexejewitsch |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Preobraženskij, Evgenij Alexejevič; Преображенский, Евгений Алексеевич (Russian spelling) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Soviet revolutionary and politician |
| DATE OF BIRTH | February 3, 1886 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Bolchow , Russian Empire |
| DATE OF DEATH | July 13, 1937 |
| Place of death | Moscow |