Joaquín Villalobos Huezo

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Joaquín Villalobos Huezo (* 1951 in San Salvador ) alias René Cruz and Comandante Atilio is a Salvadoran politician. He was the commander of the Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo (ERP) in El Salvador .

Entry into the guerrilla

Joaquín Villalobos is the son of a print shop owner. On September 30, 1982 , the Policía de Hacienda had his brother Luís "disappear". Villalobos graduated from the Liceo Salvadoreño , a school of the Marist School Brothers . He studied business administration at the Universidad de El Salvador . With other politically radicalized students, Villalobos joined the Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo (ERP) from 1971/1972 . The ERP was an economically successful guerrilla through kidnappings and extorted ransom money . Among other things, the entrepreneur Roberto Poma was kidnapped by the ERP in 1977 and then murdered.

The murder of Roque Dalton

The poet Roque Dalton came to the ERP after the Fuerzas Populares de Liberación (FPL), a rival guerrilla group founded by Salvador Cayetano Carpio , rejected him. His duties included the ideological training of the members of the ERP. In this “People's Revolutionary Army”, however, the undogmatic Dalton soon clashed with the Marxist leadership. On April 13, 1975, Roque Dalton and Armando Arteaga were captured at the home of Lil Milagro Ramírez, a cousin of Villalobos and companion of Dalton, in Colonia Santa Cristina, in the Barrio Santa Anita . It was assumed that Dalton wanted to split the organization. Villalobos and Edgar Alejandro Rivas Mira, the then "Comandante" of the ERP, passed the death sentence on Roque Dalton, while Fermán Cienfuegos , who played the role of the " public defender ", voted against. Roque Dalton was shot dead by Joaquín Villalobos on May 10, 1975.

After the murder of Roque Dalton, a group around Fermán Cienfuegos and Lil Milagro Ramírez split off as Resistencia Nacional .

Co-founder of the FMLN

In 1977 Villalobos was promoted to "Comandante" of the ERP. His colleague Edgar Alejandro Rivas Mira was excluded from the ERP. According to a rumor, he lives in Italy, it seems more likely that he was shot. Villalobos led the ERP in the Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional (FMLN) founded in 1980 and became one of the key strategists of the FMLN. As a delegate of the FMLN, he was involved in the negotiations for the 1992 peace agreement concluded in Chapultepec Castle .

Although the Truth Commission set up after the peace treaty had recommended that Villalobos should abstain from all public office for ten years in view of his crimes committed in the guerrillas, Villalobos tried to play along in the politics of the "new" El Salvador. But his Partido Demócrata (PD - Democratic Party), founded in March 1995, disbanded in April 1996.

Policy advisor

From 1995 to 1999 Villalobos studied at Oxford. He then worked as a political advisor, u. a. in peace talks after civil wars. In Mexico he advised the Ernesto Zedillo Ponce de León government on asymmetrical warfare against the Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional .

Joaquín Villalobos lives with his family in Oxfordshire.

Trial of the Roque Dalton killers

The criminal proceedings for murder against Villalobos and the co-defendant Jorge Meléndez were dropped by a court in San Salvador on January 9, 2012 due to a statute of limitations. Villalobos had confessed to being involved in the Roque Dalton murder in 1993.

Individual evidence

  1. El Diario de Hoy , 9 de enero 2002 Adiós papá ( Memento of the original of February 16, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.elsalvador.com
  2. ^ Heidrun Zinecker: El Salvador after the civil war. Campus, Frankfurt am Main 2004. ISBN 3-593-37459-5 . P. 41.
  3. Diario Co Latino (San Salvador), August 3, 2005. [1]  ( Page no longer available , search in web archivesInfo: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.diariocolatino.com  
  4. ^ Carlos Eduardo Rico Mira: En silencio tenía que ser. Testimonio del conflicto armado en El Salvador (1967-2000) . Universidad Francisco Gavidia, San Salvador 2004. ISBN 99923-7793-3 . Carlos Eduardo Rico Mira, aka Comandante Pancho, is a cousin of Edgar Alejandro Rivas Mira.
  5. ^ Heidrun Zinecker: El Salvador after the civil war. Campus, Frankfurt am Main 2004. ISBN 3-593-37459-5 . P. 74.
  6. ^ Heidrun Zinecker: El Salvador after the civil war. Campus, Frankfurt am Main 2004. ISBN 3-593-37459-5 . Pp. 123 and 125.
  7. Oxford Mail, March 16, 1999. http://www.oxfordmail.co.uk/archive/1999/03/16/Oxfordshire+Archive/6636795.College_row_over_guerilla_student . Retrieved January 23, 2012.
  8. Cecibel Romero: The death of the poet remains unpunished. In: taz, January 11, 2012.
  9. Interview with Joaquín Villalobos in the Mexican newspaper Excélsior, May 19, 1993. Wording of the interview in Archivlink ( memento of the original from March 17, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . Retrieved January 20, 2012. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.rdarchivo.contrapunto.com.sv