Johann Gottlob Samuel Schwabe

Johann Gottlob Samuel Schwabe (born November 27, 1746 in Niederroßla near Weimar, † September 20, 1835 in Weimar ) was a German philologist, high school teacher and school councilor.

Live and act

Johann Gottlob Samuel (also J. Samuel Gottlob) Schwabe was born as the ninth of ten children of a pastor in Niederroßla. After private tuition from his father, he attended grammar school in Weimar from 1762–65 and then spent five years studying ancient languages ​​at the University of Jena . During this period of study he already published a treatise in Latin and a translation of Theocritus . In the last semester he was allowed to give a lecture on Horace even though he had not yet received his doctorate.

In May 1770 Schwabe got a job as an accessist ("candidate") at the ducal library and at the coin cabinet in Weimar. He used the opportunity for further studies of the “old classical” literature and history. Because of the low salary (100 Kaisergulden per year) he still had to give private lessons and be supported by his older brother (Traugott Leberecht Schwabe. 1737 - 1812). In 1774 he switched to the Latin city school in Buttstädt and stayed here for twelve years as a teacher and rector. Offers to Riga. He refused Merseburg and Halle (Saale) because he wanted to return to Weimar.

He received this appointment in 1786, became vice-principal at the Wilhelm-Ernst-Gymnasium, mainly taught Latin and history, and left the service at the end of June 1824 by “being retired with full salary”. He was 50 years with Johanna Elisabetha Emiliana Ehrenmutha geb. Mirus (1750 - 1824) who grew up in Rastenberg. In recent years he lived very restrictedly due to a severe weakness of the eyes, died on September 20, 1835 in Weimar and received a solemn burial. His grave is in the historical cemetery on the central wall.

As a teacher in Buttstädt and Weimar, Schwabe taught around 1200 students and prepared some of them for academic training. His academic reputation as a philologist is based in particular on the work on the Roman fable poet Gaius Iulius Phaedrus , which he had published in 1781, 1806, 1822 and 1826 as translations with further explanations. He also wrote about twelve "programs" - mostly in Latin - to improve teaching, two necrologists and other treatises on historical or local topics.

Works (selection)

• De deo Thoro commentatio. Jena 1767.
• Idylls of Theocritus (from the Greek). Jena 1769, 92 pp.
• De monumentis quibusdam sepulcralibus Sachsenburgicis. Leipzig, 1771, 142 pp.
• Theoduli ecloga. Altenburg 1773, 88 pp.
• Contribution to sensitive and moral reading. Altenburg 1774.
• De sensu pulcri in legendis Graeciae ac Latii scriptoribus commentatiuncula. Weimar 1774.
• Historia scholae Buttstadiensis litteraria. Weimar 1775.
• Suggestions for improving and even greater inclusion of the Latin city school in Buttstädt. Weimar 1776.
• Some suggestions how our school can be made even more prosperous than before. Weimar 1776.
• Program containing a translation of some of Pliny’s letters. Weimar 1778.
• Phaedri Augusti Liberti Fabularum Aesopiarum, Libri V; Fabulae Aesopiae. Halle 1779 to 1781 and Braunschweig;
• Phaedri fabularum Aesopiarum libri V. Braunschweig 1806: 608 S u. 696 pp.; Paris 1826, 2 volumes.
• Translations of some of Pliny’s letters. Weimar 1778. A program.
• Program to explain the Anakreon, Part 1, Weimar 1781; Part 2, Weimar 1783.
• From the early practice of eloquence. Weimar 1785.
• Program: Something about Homer's school life. Weimar 1788.
• Program: Pauca de apparatu critico, qui prodest luvenali vel emendando, vel interpretendo. (Some thoughts on studying criticism in schools). Weimar 1791.
• Phaedri Augusti Liberti Fabulae Aesopiae. Strasbourg 1810, 216 pp.
• Commentarii de schola Vinariensi oppidana et provinciali. Weimar 1816.
• Historical news of the numerous monuments and relics of D. Martin Luther in the Grand Duchy of Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach. Weimar 1817, 220 pp.
• Autobiography. Weimar 1820.
• Historical and antiquarian news from the former imperial palace town of Dornburg an der Saale. Weimar 1825, 88 pp.
• Phaedri fabulae (quae extant omnes; cum notis et indicibus); Fabulae. Turin 1834, 466 pp.

Honors

Schwabe received the following honors

• 1816 honorary doctorate from the Philosophical Faculty of the University of Jena,
• 1816 civil merit medal in silver of the Grand Duke of Saxony-Weimar,
• 1820 Grand Ducal Saxon School Council (on the occasion of the 50th anniversary as a civil servant).

Literature (selection)

• Self-biography in the program of the grammar school in Weimar. 1820.
• Hoche, Richard: “Schwabe, Johann Samuel Gottlob” in: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie, 33 1891 p. 172 (online version), URL: https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd100333230.html#adbcontent
• Necrology of the Germans. 13th year 1835, Second Part, Weimar 1837, No. 233, pp. 781-88;
• Pökel, W .: Philological Writer's Lexicon, Leipzig 1882;
• Hamberger / Meusel: The learned Teutschland, 5th edition, Vol. 7, Lemgo 1798; Vol. 10, Lemgo 1803; Vol. 15, Lemgo 1811; Vol. 20 Lemgo 1825;
• Bader, Karl: Lexicon of German librarians. Leipzig 1925, No. 359;
• National-Zeitung der Deutschen, year 1820, p. 392;
• Weimar newspaper, year 1835, No. 78 (funeral);
• New archive for philology and education, 2nd year, Hanover 1827, 3rd issue, pp. 1 - 20. 3rd year, 1st issue. Hannover 1828, pp. 1-31;
• National-Zeitung der Deutschen, Dec. 1, 1824, column 802–803;
• Mende, Bernd: in: WEIMAR Lexikon zur Stadtgeschichte, Weimar 1993, p. 394;
• Friedrich Meinhof: Pastor's Book, Volume 8: Grand Duchy of Saxony (-Weimar-Eisenach), design Heilbad Heiligenstadt 2012 - 2017, p. 1130;
• High Princely S. Weimar and Eisenach court and address calendar for the years 1786 - 1806, Jena;
• Herzoglich S. Weimar and Eisenach court and address calendars 1807 - 1813, Jena;
• Grand Ducal Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach Court and State Manual. 1816-1819, Jena;
• State manual for the Grand Duchy of Saxony / Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach, 1823 - 1835, Weimar: Böhlau;
• Archive of the evang.-luth. Church Office Weimar, City Church death certificate, burial book 1822–1832, p. 81, no. 195;
• Kratzsch / Seifert: Historical holdings of the Duchess Anna Amalia Library in Weimar. Munich 1992, p. 231, No. 393-395;
• Family chronicle of the Protestant parish office Rastenberg (family Mirus).

Web links

• Johann Samuel Gottlob Schwabe in the Nekrolog der Deutschen XIII. Volume 1835

Individual evidence

1. ^ Johann Gottlob Samuel Schwabe in ADB