Johann Michael Ekling

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Johann Michael Ekling (often also Eckling) (born August 8, 1795 in Vienna -Matzleinsdorf; † March 30, 1876 in Vienna-Landstrasse) was an Austrian mechanic, designer and inventor of scientific apparatus and instruments.

Multiplier according to Nobili (galvanometer with double needle), Ekling, Vienna 1834, device no.3
Needle bell telegraph from Ekling, Vienna 1846, Technical Museum Vienna

Life

Johann Michael Ekling was born after the death of his father, the "Batalionschyrurgus" Joseph Ekling. His mother was Anna Maria Eurosina Ekling, b. Stitzbarth. On July 6, 1828, he married Theresia Schwarz, with whom he had five sons and a daughter. In the following years he worked closely with the Viennese physics and mathematics professors Andreas von Baumgartner and Andreas von Ettingshausen . So he made artificial magnets on behalf of Baumgartner or built one of the first photographic apparatus in Austria according to instructions from Ettingshausen, who was known to Daguerre . On the occasion of the first natural scientist day in Vienna on September 18, 1832, he demonstrated the reflection goniometer he made. In 1844 he was referred to as a "university mechanic" in a scientific article. An advertisement on the occasion of an industrial exhibition said about Ekling: "Manufactures all kinds of mathematical and physical instruments and apparatus, air pumps with glass boots, travel barometers, goniometers , chemical and mineralogical apparatus". Its multiplier (see illustration) was used, among other things, to investigate the conductivity of thermal water and was praised for its measuring sensitivity. Ekling received privileges (patents) for induction devices and cameras as well as improvements to the Bain telegraph for the Austrian railways. Ekling's last invention was a "galvanic induction apparatus for healing purposes".

Ekling clockwork heliostat (approx. 1850)

His reputation as an instrument maker is documented in the legal gazette for Austria from 1850: "[The] most recommendable mechanic in Vienna, yes, the one who can only be recommended for the finer optical apparatus, is Eckling." These devices include heliostats and interference and diffraction devices . Young mechanics from Germany such as Rudolph Carl Adolph Dolberg (1817–1863) and Adolph Hermann Friederich Petri (1819–1895) apprenticed at Ekling. The later manufacturer of telegraphs, telephones and water meters, Johann Leopolder (1826–1902) also learned from Ekling in 1841 and was his foreman until he started his own business in 1850.

After the death of his wife in 1854, Ekling seems to have given up his workshop on Erdbergstrasse. First, from 1855 onwards, he rented out to the educational institution of the school council Hermann, in 1860 he finally sold the house to Rudolf Ditmar's expanding lamp factory. On March 30, 1876, he died as a private citizen at Viaductgasse 36.

Eklings devices can be found in various physical collections in Germany (Augsburg and Munich), Italy, Austria (Innsbruck, Kremsmünster observatory, Linz and Vienna), the Czech Republic and the USA (Kenyon College, OH).

literature

  • Franz Pichler: The introduction of Morse telegraphy in Germany and Austria. e & i - electrical engineering and information technology, issue 9, 2006, pp. 402–408
  • Franz Pichler: Electrical writing in the distance: telegraphy in Austria: technical development, 1846–1906. Linz 2007
  • Karl Freiherr von Reichenbach , physical-physiological studies on the dynamides of magnetism, electricity, warmth, light, crystallization, and chemistry in their relationship to life force , Braunschweig 1849, pp. 17-18.

References and comments

  1. ↑ The survival data Eklings and his family have been using the matriculation of the Diocese of Vienna and Obituary in the Wiener Zeitung determined.
  2. ↑ Electromagnetic apparatus for Baumgartner from 1830 (Physical Collection of the University of Innsbruck)
  3. ^ Wiener Zeitung of January 26, 1833, p. 95
  4. ^ Bohemia: or entertainment papers for educated estates , 1840; without page number
  5. ^ Emil-Heinz Schmitz, manual for the history of optics: Das XIX. Century , Bonn 1983, p. 9
  6. ^ "German natural scientists in Vienna. 1832 - 1856 - 1894" in: Welt-Blatt , September 15, 1894
  7. ^ Negotiations of the Imperial and Royal Society of Doctors in Vienna , Vienna 1844, p. 25
  8. ↑ The word "boot" means "cylinder" here.
  9. ↑ Ekling built the device according to instructions from Friedrich Mohs (1773-1839)
  10. ^ Notes on production, art, factories and trade , Vienna 1833, p. 48
  11. ↑ Adolph Pleischl, Ueber die Thermalwasser zu Gastein and Carlsbad in chemical-physical terms , 1846, p. 6
  12. ^ Supplement to Faust. Poligraphically illustrated magazine for art, science, industry and entertainment , 1854. No page number
  13. ^ Legal Gazette for the Land of Austria , 1850, p. 542
  14. ^ A. Adolf Schmid, Vienna and its immediate surroundings with special consideration of scientific institutions and collections, Vienna 1852, p. 92.
  15. ↑ Jürgen Hamel : About the mechanical-optical workshops "Dolberg" and "Dolberg & Petri" in Rostock. Peenestadt Neukalen, accessed on January 29, 2019 .
  16. ↑ Die Groß-Industrie Österreichs , Vol. 3, 1898, p. 250.
  17. ^ Wiener Geschichtsblätter , Volume 56, issues 1–4, Association for the History of the City of Vienna, 2001, p. 3
  18. ^ Macchina pneumatica. Museo di Fisica "Antonio Maria Traversi", Venice, accessed on January 29, 2019 (device from Johann Michael Ekling in Venice).
  19. ↑ List of devices bought from Johann Michael Eckling - mechanic in Vienna. Kremsmünster observatory, accessed on January 29, 2019 .
  20. ↑ Sigmund Fellöcker: History of the observatory of the Benedictine abbey Kremsmünster . Feichtinger, Linz 1864, DNB  968062490 , p. 304-310 (list of acquisitions from Johann Michael Ekling by the observatory).
  21. ↑ Nobili needle galvanometer. University of Vienna , accessed on January 29, 2019 (needle galvanometer by Johann Michael Ekling at the University of Vienna).
  22. ^ Device from Johann Michael Ekling at the NTM in Prague. National Technical Museum, accessed January 29, 2019 .

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Ekling, Johann Michael
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian mechanic and inventor of physical apparatus
DATE OF BIRTH August 8, 1795
PLACE OF BIRTH Vienna -Matzleinsdorf
DATE OF DEATH March 30, 1876
Place of death Vienna-Landstrasse