Johann Paul Kress

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Johann Paul Kress (born February 22, 1677 in Hummelshain in Thuringia, † November 22, 1741 in Helmstedt ) was a German lawyer and professor at the University of Helmstedt .

Live and act

Johann Paul Kress, the son of a preacher, attended high school in Gera. From 1695 he studied law first in Jena and then in Halle. On the recommendation of the natural law expert Christian Thomasius from Halle, he worked for a year as court master for a son of the President von Schwanenbeck in Riga before he returned to Jena and completed his studies in 1705.

After receiving his doctorate in 1706, he worked as a private lecturer in Jena for a few years. On the mediation of Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz , whom he met during a stay in Vienna, in 1712 he was offered a chair at the law faculty of the University of Helmstedt. Kress taught in Helmstedt for around 30 years and turned down several offers from other universities. In 1722, 1731 and 1736 he was Rector Magnificus of the Helmstedt University. In 1730 he was appointed royal British and a year later Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel Hofrat. In 1741 he died of a stroke.

Kress enjoyed a good reputation in contemporary specialist circles. His scientific work is broad; it includes writings on private law , criminal law , constitutional law and canon law . His first edition of the criminal law commentary on the imperial court order ( Constitutio Criminalis Carolina ) deserves special mention . The work contributed to the development of general criminal law. In addition, despite some inaccuracies in content, it is of lasting interest due to the detailed description of the history of the Carolina's origins.

Works (selection)

  • Liber commentarius ad S.Pufendorfii Tract de habitu religionios ad statum , 1712
  • Commentatio in Constitutionem criminalem Caroli V. , Hanover, Foerster, 1721
  • Legally justified complete explanation of the archidiaconal nature, and the ecclesiastical broadcasting courts in the Hochstifte Osnabrück , Helmstedt 1725
  • Kurtze legal consideration of the law of the deaf and dumb bored , Buchholtz 1735
  • De privilegiis agriculturae apud Germanos, or of freedoms and other justice in agriculture in Germany , Ritter, 1736

literature

  • Wolfgang Lent: Kress, Johann Paul . In: Horst-Rüdiger Jarck, Dieter Lent u. a. (Ed.): Braunschweigisches Biographisches Lexikon: 8th to 18th century . Appelhans Verlag, Braunschweig 2006, p. 417, ISBN 3-937664-46-7
  • Johann Paul Kress . In: Johann Friedrich von Schulte : The history of the sources and literature of Canon law from Gratian to the present. Stuttgart, F.Enke 1875ff., Volume 2, pp. 97f.
  • Johann August Ritter von Eisenhart:  Kreß, Johann Paul . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 17, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1883, p. 130 f.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Cf. Eberhard Schmidt: Introduction to the history of German criminal justice . Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen, 3rd edition 1995, p. 161; Wolfgang Lent: Kress, Johann Paul . In: Horst-Rüdiger Jarck, Dieter Lent u. a. (Ed.): Braunschweigisches Biographisches Lexikon: 8th to 18th century , Appelhans Verlag, Braunschweig 2006, p. 417 mw Nachw.
personal data
SURNAME Kress, Johann Paul
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Kreß, Johann Paul; Kressius, Johannes Paullus; Kress, Johannes Paul; Kress, Joannes Paulus; Kress, Johannes Paulus; Kres, Johann Paul; Kresse, Johann Paul; Cress, Johannes Paulus; Kress, Ioann Paull; Kress, Io. Paull; Kressius, Ioannes Paullus; Kressius, Joannes Paullus; Kressius, Johannes Paulus; Kressius, Ioannes Paulus; Kressius, Joannes Paulus; Kressius, Io. Paullus; Kressius, Io. Paul; Kressius, Io. Paul; Kress, Johann P.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German lawyer
DATE OF BIRTH February 22, 1677
PLACE OF BIRTH Hummelshain
DATE OF DEATH November 22, 1741
Place of death Helmstedt