Johann Friedrich von Schulte
Johann Friedrich Schulte , from 1869 Knight von Schulte (born April 23, 1827 in Winterberg in Westphalia , † December 19, 1914 in Obermais , Meran ), was professor of civil and canon law and legal history in Bonn and Prague .
He is considered the most important teacher of Catholic canon law in 19th century Germany.
Life
Johann Friedrich von Schulte was born on April 23, 1827 as the third child of the doctor of the same name, Johann Friedrich Schulte, in Winterberg. After school he studied a. a. Berlin law and was court clerk in Fredeburg .
At the age of 26, he was in 1854 Adjunct Full Professor (at Bonn Law School and a year later, in 1855, full professor ) of the canon law and the German legal history at the Charles University in Prague . In 1863 Schulte became an honorary member of the Askania Catholic student union (now KStV Askania-Burgundia ) in the KV . In 1869 Emperor Franz Josef raised him to the hereditary nobility .
In 1873 he returned to Bonn . There he taught for 33 years until 1906 as a professor of canon law at the University of Bonn . From 1881 to 1882 he was also rector of the Friedrich-Wilhelms University in Bonn.
Furthermore, Johann Friedrich von Schulte was President of the Old Catholic Congresses from 1871 to 1890 and Vice Chairman of the Old Catholic Synodal Representation in Germany from 1873 to 1890 . In the period from 1874 to 1879 he was also a member of the Reichstag for the National Liberal Party .
Friedrich Ritter von Schulte died on December 19, 1914 in the Obermais district of Merano.
effect
Schulte strictly rejected the First Vatican Council and as a result, as co-author of the Nuremberg Declaration of August 26 and 27, 1870 against the First Vatican Council, together with Ignaz von Döllinger , Franz Heinrich Reusch and the later Bishop Joseph Hubert Reinkens, laid the foundation stone for the old Catholic Church in Germany . He worked out the basic canon law templates for the organization of the Old Catholic Church in Germany and drafted the Synodal and Congregation Ordinance of 1874, the "Basic Law" of the Old Catholic Church in Germany, which is still valid today .
Works
- The history of the sources and literature of canon law from Gratian to the present day. 4 volumes. Bonn 1875-1880; Reprint 1956, Academic Printing and Publishing House Graz.
- Textbook of Catholic and Evangelical Canon Law . 4th edition of the Catholic, 1st of the Protestant, 1886.
- Old Catholicism - history of its development, internal structure and legal position in Germany. Represented from the files and other authentic sources . Giessen 1887; New print Scientia Verlag, Aalen 1965.
- The position of the councils, popes and bishops from the historical and canonical point of view and the papal constitution of July 18, 1870. With the sources . Prague 1871; New print Scientia Verlag, Aalen 1970.
- Life memories. Three volumes. Giessen 1908–1909.
literature
- Constantin von Wurzbach : Schulte, Johann Friedrich Ritter von . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 32nd part. Kaiserlich-Königliche Hof- und Staatsdruckerei, Vienna 1876, pp. 167–171 ( digitized version ).
- Wolfgang Krahl: Ecumenical Catholicism . St. Cyprian, Bonn 1970.
- Church for Christians Today. H. Hoffmann Verlag, Berlin 1994, ISBN 3-87344-001-6 , p. 133.
- Daniel Schwenzer: Johann Friedrich von Schulte. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 19, Bautz, Nordhausen 2001, ISBN 3-88309-089-1 , Sp. 1263-1270.
- Patrick Sensburg : The great lawyers of the Sauerland . 22 biographies of outstanding legal scholars. 1st edition. FW Becker, Arnsberg 2002, ISBN 978-3-930264-45-2 (276 pages).
- Manfred Weitlauff : Schulte, Johann Friedrich von. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 23, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2007, ISBN 978-3-428-11204-3 , pp. 689 f. ( Digitized version ).
Web links
- Literature by and about Johann Friedrich von Schulte in the catalog of the German National Library
- Works by and about Johann Friedrich von Schulte in the German Digital Library
- Publications by Johann Friedrich von Schulte in the Opac of the Regesta Imperii
- Johann Friedrich von Schulte in the database of members of the Reichstag
- Obituary in Meraner Zeitung of December 22, 1914 p. 3
Individual evidence
- ↑ Johann Friedrich Schulte, familie.beehave.de ( page no longer available , searching web archives ) Info: The link is automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Friedrich Albert Groeteken : History of the ancient parish Wormbach, from the book series History of the Parishes of the Deanery Wormbach in the Meschede district. Volume II, Part I. Rheinische Verlagsanstalt und Buchdruckerei, Bad Godesberg 1939, p. 58.
- ^ Siegfried Koß, Wolfgang Löhr (Hrsg.): Biographisches Lexikon des KV. 5th part (= Revocatio historiae. Volume 6). SH-Verlag, Schernfeld 1998, ISBN 3-89498-055-9 , p. 110.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Schulte, Johann Friedrich von |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Schulte, Johann Friedrich Ritter von; Schulte, Friedrich |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German lawyer, professor of civil and church law as well as legal history and politician, MdR |
| DATE OF BIRTH | April 23, 1827 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Winterberg , Westphalia |
| DATE OF DEATH | December 19, 1914 |
| Place of death | Obermais , Merano |