Johanna Huber (writer)

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Johanna Huber (born June 9, 1869 in Munich ; † April 3, 1935 there ) was a German teacher, kindergarten teacher, specialist and children's literature writer and "one of the most important representatives of the Catholic kindergarten system".

Live and act

She was the youngest of nine children of the chief auditor Xaver Huber and his wife Franziska, geb. Menhart. Despite modest financial circumstances, she was allowed to run the Königl. Complete a teacher training seminar. From 1889 to 1916 Johanna Huber was the main teacher. Recognizing her special educational ability, Georg Kerschensteiner invited her to the Munich experimental school , which was an “educational mecca” at the time. Johanna Huber campaigned for the idea of ​​working school to be implemented in religious instruction for school beginners. The pedagogue answered her question "Can one apply the work school idea in first grade religious instruction?"

“The answer to this question is absolutely in the affirmative. You just have to adjust the term to success and goal. 'Religion and Life' religious 'Tatschule' u. a. are just paraphrases, which, however, better get to the heart of the matter or at least hint at it. Because we understand by work school not the manual development of a thing in the service of religious concept formation, but primarily the mobilization of the child's mind through spiritual means in the service of religion, which in its realization is a work and action school in the highest sense of the word . "

For health reasons, Johanna Huber retired from school in 1916. From then on she campaigned for the (Catholic) kindergarten . She saw this as a “school of children's play” and not as a “place of school learning” in the spirit of Friedrich Froebel :

“We reject any school administration in kindergarten as unpsychological and therefore wrong; and that is probably one of the greatest merits of the newer infant education. Because when the old 'learning student' was still celebrating its triumphs, the drill found a refuge in the nursery. There was only the mass in which the individual child literally suffocated. "

In lectures and publications she repeatedly dealt with the question of “family education or kindergarten?”. She preferred bringing up a family and saw kindergarten only as a "necessity in case of absolutely unfavorable family circumstances":

“These are great poverty, illness, employment of the mother outside the home or overloading her with work within the family. But kindergarten education is also desirable for wealthy families with only children or when children are handed over to servants and other employees. Assuming normal family relationships, the child must thrive best in the lap of its own family. "

In 1917 Johanna Huber founded, in collaboration with other women, the Bavarian State Association of Catholic Day Care Centers and Childcare Centers, including crèches and nurseries . When Elisabeth von Aretin resigned as chairman of the association in 1921, she proposed Johanna Huber as her successor, who held this office until 1932.

Together with Alexandrine Hegemann , Johanna Huber founded the children's home magazine in 1918 , which still exists today as the world of children . She played a decisive role in the training of the many untrained nuns who were active in the educational service at the time. In this regard, she organized half-yearly to year-round courses at several Bavarian kindergarten teachers' seminars , which were responsible for retraining the untrained nuns.

Her booklet The Religious and Moral Instruction of Toddlers in Kindergarten and in the Family, first published in 1916, was very successful . In it, the author used numerous practical examples to show “how the religious imagination and emotional life of the toddler can be awakened and promoted [...] With regard to the“ moral upbringing ”of the child, Johanna Huber attached particular importance to upbringing for self-control, obedience, truthfulness and altruistic virtues ”. The work was reviewed as follows:

“With the help of numerous examples it is shown that the religious imagination and emotional life of the child can be awakened and promoted. Their presentation and evaluation is very childish. This is where the experienced practitioner shows herself with a warm heart for the little ones. The book is preceded by a theoretical foundation, which in itself would be very welcome. Unfortunately it cannot be satisfactory from a scientific point of view. That is the only fault I have to complain about in my work. "

In addition to her theoretical contributions, Johanna Huber had written and composed songs for children of preschool and elementary school age, and also composed verses, poems, plays, fairy tales and stories that she and a. also published in the journal Kinderheim . There her successful picture book Funny Stories for Our Little ones was reviewed as follows:

“In her foreword, Johanna Huber expresses her regret that the fairy tales were brought up to the little ones far too early. She has tried to create narratives for the very early age, and she has succeeded in doing so excellently. The understanding of the little ones is taken into account in a sensible way. Objects of everyday life appear speaking and acting. The child thereby gains a relationship with its environment. "

She worked particularly intensively with the Otto Maier publishing house, Ravensburg. Her most successful work, The Book of Child Occupations , appeared there in 1930 , the "pedagogical basis of which is Friedrich Fröbel's educational method, expanded and further developed on the results of scientific research at the time." The aforementioned book is still published today, albeit in a new and changed design. Every new edition of the publication received positive reviews, such as the 9th edition:

“We are particularly pleased to be able to display a new edition (9th) of the book [...] published in 1930. At that time, Johanna Huber [...] worked out this book with great sensitivity, which shows activities from infants to toddlers and school children and offers numerous different forms of play and handicraft activities. Even then, our kindergartens largely used this book as a source of inspiration for their work. Now it has been brought up to date through expert revisions and contemporary additions on behalf of the publisher [...] The book should be recommended to our readers with great warmth. "

Johanna Huber was the author of several picture books for Otto Maier Verlag, and she was also the editor of the New Workbooks for Mother and Child series . Some of her poems appeared in several Bavarian reading books after 1945 . For example the shoes or on the stove .

After a prolonged heart condition, Johanna Huber died unexpectedly at the age of 65. In her obituary notice she was dubbed a “Bavarian infant aunt”.

Works (selection)

Theoretical contributions

  • The religious and moral instruction of the toddler in kindergarten and in the family. Kempten 1916
  • Through self-education to self-discipline. In: Children's home 1918 / H. 1, pp. 5-12.
  • Family education or kindergarten? In: Pharus, first half-year volume 1916, pp. 218–225.
  • For the preparation of the toddler teachers. In: Pharus 1919, pp. 228-236.
  • Froebel and Montessori. In: Children's Home 1920, pp. 134-140.
  • First school entry at the age of 6 or 7? In: Children's home 1921 / H. 3, pp. 65-76.
  • Religious and moral working school in the first school year. In: Johanna Huber, Karl Raab: The working principle in religious education in primary schools. Munich / Kempten 1923, pp. 1–50.
  • Physical education in kindergarten. Kempten 1926
  • A few hints on the preliminary and advanced training of the educator staff in the children's recreation and health centers. In: Children's home 1926 / H. 4, pp. 103-108.
  • Catholic education for young children within the framework of contemporary educational currents. In: Josef Beeking (Hrsg.): First general congress of Catholic child and youth welfare in Germany. Freiburg i. Br. 1928
  • The crèche. Ravensburg undated

Activity / play books / plays

  • What should i give Ravensburg undated
  • Cutting out work for children. Ravensburg undated
  • “Who's coming?” And other new finger games for mother and child. Ravensburg undated
  • Easy cutting out work for children. Ravensburg undated
  • Christmas games for crib children. Munich undated
  • In kindergarten. Eight little children's games. Munich undated
  • The Book of Children's Activities. Ravensburg 1930
  • Funny folded paper booklet with all sorts of trimmings. Ravensburg 1947
  • Diemut. A mystery play in eight pictures. Munich undated
  • Light and darkness. A lesson from earth, moon and God. Munich undated

Picture / children's books

  • Children's stories. Munich undated
  • Funny stories for our little ones. Ravensburg undated
  • All kinds of chats for little ones. Ravensburg undated

literature

  • Book Show: Pedagogy of Toddlers. In: Pharus. 1919, pp. 440-441.
  • E. Meyer: The good picture book. In: Children's home. 1925 / H. 2, pp. 40-47.
  • Fritz Färber (Ed.): Bavarian Reading Book 2nd Class, Munich 1946.
  • Children's home. 1962 / H. 1, p. 44.
  • Manfred Berger : Women in the history of kindergarten. A manual. Brandes & Apsel, Frankfurt am Main 1995, ISBN 3-86099-255-4 , pp. 96-101.
  • Werner zu Gosheim: Johanna Huber and her contribution to the Catholic kindergarten system in Bavaria. Munich 2000. (unpublished diploma thesis)
  • Helge Wasmuth: Day-care centers as educational institutions. Bad Heilbrunn 2011, ISBN 978-3-7815-1809-4 , pp. 346-347.
  • Manfred Berger :  HUBER, Johanna. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 23, Bautz, Nordhausen 2004, ISBN 3-88309-155-3 , Sp. 680-693.  ( Article / beginning of article in Internet archive )
  • Manfred Berger: Johanna Huber. In: Kurt Franz, Günter Lange, Franz-Josef Payhuber (Hrsg.): Children's and youth literature - a lexicon. (Loose-leaf collection). Meitingen 1995 ff .; 45th result. 2012, pp. 1–11.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Wasmuth 2011, p. 346.
  2. ↑ Huber 1923, p. 1.
  3. ↑ Gosheim 2000, p. 76.
  4. ↑ Guber 1928, p. 99.
  5. ↑ Huber 1916, p. 219.
  6. ↑ Gosheim 2000, p. 122.
  7. ↑ Pharus 1918, p. 441.
  8. ↑ Mayer 1925, p. 43.
  9. ↑ Gosheim 2000, p. 156.
  10. ^ Children's home 1962, p. 44.
  11. ↑ Färber 1946, p. 11
  12. ↑ Färber 1946, p. 22
personal data
SURNAME Huber, Johanna
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German teacher, kindergarten teacher, specialist and children's literature writer
DATE OF BIRTH June 9, 1869
PLACE OF BIRTH Munich
DATE OF DEATH April 3, 1935
Place of death Munich