Drill (education)

Amy Chua , author of the autobiographical educational book The Mother of Success , has been featured by many media outlets as an apologist for domestic drills.

Under Drill it is colloquially a strictly authoritarian teaching or parenting style in which the child through stubborn repetition of the same exercises and memorization to be brought to high performance. A person who drills a child exposes himself to the suspicion of ignoring or suppressing the initiative , the independent and independent thinking, the imagination and creativity of the child. Even with a loving approach to the child and with respect for his or her individuality , “drill” is not considered compatible. “Drill” - according to the same understanding - does not promote the development of the child, but aims at self-discipline , obedience and a breaking of the will and thus appears as evidence of a black pedagogy .

However, because there is no criterion with the help of which “drill” could be clearly distinguished from the related terms “ training ” or “ practicing ”, the term has not found its way into scientific linguistic usage. Those authors who want to emphasize the fact that they judge a certain training or exercise as pointless or as unreasonably hard and strenuous are all the more likely to speak of “drill”.

Concept history

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The out of the military system ( drill , arms drill ) borrowed term came with the progressive education in the late 19th century in the education and called there since sloganized the compulsory school old school whose teaching methods of authoritarianism were marked and memorization. With the invention of action-oriented teaching , in which the pupil should learn on his own initiative and with his own goal (independent activity ), practicing , which also played a central role at the humboldt humanistic grammar school , was reassessed as "unnatural" and " mechanical drill ". The criticism was directed in particular against such content that is felt to be "useless" and purely test-oriented, such as the drumming of ancient languages or the catechism . In the 3rd edition of the Didactic Dictionary , published in 2001, one can still read that in modern schools, when practicing skills - which is still occasionally automated today - "mechanical drill" is avoided.

In English , the word also preferably designates military exercises, but as a synonym for training and practicing it is also used in other areas, namely value-free and in particular without the connotation of black pagogic familiar from German .

literature

• Monika Löhle: You can win later. Why tiger mothers are unsuccessful. Orell Füssli Verlag, Zurich, 2011. ISBN 978-3-280-05444-4

Web links

Wiktionary: Drill  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

Individual evidence

1. ^ "Initiative can make a big difference" ( Memento from February 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) NDR, February 1, 2011; Drill in Chinese Tages-Anzeiger, Zurich, January 29, 2011; Chinese students: very good memorization, insufficient imagination Spiegel online, January 29, 2011; Education Debate in China: Between Drill and Creativity ( Memento from February 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Tagesschau, February 1, 2011
2. ↑ Is the “super nanny” really great? ( Memento of the original from August 11, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Bavarian State Ministry for Labor and Social Affairs, Family and Women; TV review: More drill for Swiss children? Tages-Anzeiger, February 16, 2011  
3. ↑ Student drill in South Korea: Learning means suffering Spiegel online, December 9, 2010; Video culture magazine aspekte: Amy Chua - With Drill to Success (January 28, 2011)  in the ZDFmediathek , accessed on January 26, 2014. (offline); Drill on the school desk: Chinese children study from morning to evening 3sat, February 3, 2011
4. ↑ Wolfraum Hauer: Local school development and urban living environment: The school system in Tübingen from its beginnings in the late Middle Ages to 1806 , Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner, 2003, ISBN 3-515-07777-4 , p. 485 ( limited online version in the Google Book Search - USA ); H. Scherer: On the history of the development of the school: Germany , p. 96, in: Pedagogical Annual Report, Volume 54, 2. Department, 1901, p. 1–184 ( restricted online version in the Google Book Search USA )
5. ↑ Hartwig Schröder: Didactic Dictionary , Munich, Vienna: Oldenbourg, 2001, ISBN 3-486-25787-0 , p. 112 ( limited online version in the Google Book Search USA )
6. ↑ Definition for drill. Retrieved January 28, 2017 (Merriam-Webster).