Johannisfriedhof (Osnabrück)
The Johannisfriedhof (originally Neustädter Todtenhöfe and Todtenhof in front of the Johannisthore ) is a cemetery in the Lower Saxony city of Osnabrück . There are tombs of famous Osnabrück personalities and families on it. The cemetery is located west of Iburger Strasse ( Bundesstrasse 51 ) on Hauswörmannsweg; it is divided by Magdalenenstrasse. The cemetery chapel, surrounding walls and wall graves are under monument protection.
history
Until the early 19th century, the cemeteries in Osnabrück were located at the main churches, monasteries and hospitals. They were overcrowded, and short idle times caused hygiene problems. From 1803 the magistrate planned to build new cemeteries. The plans were implemented during the time Osnabrück belonged to the Kingdom of Westphalia under Jérôme Bonaparte , after the prefect of the royal government banned the use of the previously existing one from April 1, 1808.
For residents of the new city and the southern city of farming communities an area was provided, which was privately owned and was bought for around 67 Reichstaler. First a cemetery was set up, the eastern corner of which extends to today's Iburger Straße. It is referred to as the 1st department. The gravedigger's house was built on the opposite corner in 1808. It cost 65 Reichstaler and was built by the master mason Holthaus.
In 1874 the construction of the cemetery chapel in the neo-Gothic style made of sandstone began. It was planned by the master mason Wilhelm Pfropfe and completed in 1875. At the request of the city architect Emil Hackländer (1830–1902), it was equipped with bells for cases of apparent death . The gate pillars at the entrance to the cemetery were made by the sculptor Franz Wagner.
The high cross in the center of the 1st department was built in 1887 from Obernkirchen sandstone . It stands on a base made of Ibbenbürener sandstone . There are 4 symbols on it. The letter A, the Greek letter Omega, an anchor and a triangle with an eye. Alpha and Omega are symbols of the beginning and the end. For the all-embracing and for Jesus Christ as first and last. The anchor is the Christian symbol for hope. According to the Christian interpretation, the eye in the triangle is a symbol for the triune God.
From 1850 the cemetery was no longer sufficient. For the second Johannis-Todtenhof , the city bought land from the monastery chamber , which was laid out as a cemetery in 1859. The third section followed in 1871. In 1876 the Jewish cemetery was laid out. The fourth Johannistotenhof was added in 1885. Planning for the fifth cemetery began in 1905. The area was also owned by the monastery chamber. After several years of disputes over the purchase price, the city acquired the area in 1909 for 50,000 marks. Between the fourth and fifth cemetery, a gate system with two buildings, planned by the city architect Lehrmann, was built in 1912. In the fifth section there is the war cemetery for the dead of the First World War . Twelve Finnish hunters are buried separately who died in a railway accident in 1918 and received a special honor on the 100th anniversary of their death by a high-ranking delegation of nine former generals and officers of the Finnish Hunter Foundation. Russians and Serbs prisoners of war are also buried among the dead in the First World War. The war cemetery for the dead of the Second World War was laid out on the oldest part of the cemetery.
In 1965 the city council decided to close both the Hasefriedhof and the Johannisfriedhof at the end of 2000 after the burials had declined and only hereditary burial sites were occupied. Burials were possible until 1985, urn burials until 1995.
Originally it was planned to de-mine the cemetery at the end of 2015 after the last lay times had expired. In December 2015, the Osnabrück Council decided to change the cemetery statutes. This has the consequence that the Johannisfriedhof is now "decommissioned" according to the cemetery statute §2, paragraph 2. It still has the status of a cemetery. Now it is available as a park for rest and relaxation.
Gravesites
Clemens Lipper
The oldest preserved tomb in the cemetery is the grave pillar for Clemens Lipper (1742–1813). Lipper belonged to the collegiate monastery of St. Johann and worked as a master builder of classicism.
Grave column for Clemens Lipper
Herbord Sigismund Ludwig von Bar
Herbord Sigismund Ludwig von Bar (1765–1844) was Landdrost and thus the highest Hanoverian administrative officer of his time in Osnabrück. In 1825 he bought four wall graves for himself and his wife Regine Catharine Charlotte von Bar, born in Dürfeld (1769–1834). After his death, two grave monuments in the form of sarcophagi were erected for the couple .
Gravesite of the von Bar couple
Johann Mathias Seling
Johann Mathias Seling (1792–1860) was born in Gesmold, attended the Carolinum grammar school , studied theology in Münster , worked as a teacher at his previous school until he gave up this job because of an eye disease. He became parish chaplain at St. Johann and was active in this function until his death.
Mathias Seling's tomb
Bust of Mathias Seling
Franz Hecker
The painter and graphic artist Franz Hecker (1870–1944), who was also gifted as a musician, found his final resting place in the Hecker's family grave. Hecker was killed in the bombardment of Osnabrück during World War II.
Gravesite of the Hecker family
Wieman-Grothaus family
The best-known members of the Wieman family in Osnabrück are the writer Bernard Wieman (1872–1940) and his nephew, the actor Mathias Wieman (1902–1969). Both found their final resting place in the grave of the Wieman-Grothaus family, which the merchant Carl Philipp Wieman had bought in 1900. The grave complex was built from shell limestone by the architect Erich Goßling; the Berlin sculptor Richard Engelmann created the relief with Christ carrying the cross and a putto (1919). In 1900, Carl Philipp Wieman founded the CP Wieman-Grothaus-Stiftung, whose duties include the care of the grave site. The urn of Erika Meingast (1901–1972), Mathias Wieman's widow, was also buried in Osnabrück.
Grave site of the Wieman-Grothaus family
Gustav Tweer
Gustav Tweer (1893–1916) was a flight pioneer born in Osnabrück. The first German dive and loop pilot died in 1916 when a new type of aircraft was flown in.
Gustav Tweer tomb
Hammersen landscape grave
In Art Nouveau design is one of two tombs in the St. John's Cemetery Osnabrück business family Hammersen. The family ran a no longer existing weaving mill. Henriette Hammersen bought the spacious grave area in 1908 after the death of her husband Hermann Hammersen, son of the company's founder Friedrich Heinrich Hammersen. Henriette Hammersen, born in Smith, grew up in Norway and, following Norwegian custom, did not use tombstones with inscriptions. The bronze gate is marked with the initials HH.
Hammersen burial site
literature
- Hasefriedhof – Johannisfriedhof e. V. (Ed.), Ernst Kosche: corridors over the Johannisfriedhof. Osnabrück 2007, ISBN 978-3-00-023162-9 .
Web links
- The Johannisfriedhof on the side of the city of Osnabrück
- Support group Hasefriedhof - Johannisfriedhof e. V.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Joachim Dierks: Commemoration of “Finnish Hunters” , Neue Osnabrücker Zeitung, February 22, 2019, accessed on February 23, 2019
- ^ Statute on the use of the city of Osnabrück's cemeteries. Cemetery statute - of March 28, 2006 (Official Gazette 2006, p. 15 ff.), Last amended by the statute of December 4, 2018. City of Osnabrück, December 4, 2018, accessed on June 24, 2019 .
- ↑ Historical cemeteries. Retrieved September 24, 2018 .
Coordinates: 52 ° 15 '36.1 " N , 8 ° 3' 12.9" E