José María Pinaud

José María Pinaud (* 1885 , † 1948 ) was a politician and mass media owner in Costa Rica .

Life

Pinaud was the owner of La Tribuna newspaper and Radio América Latina radio station . He was also a member of the Partido Nacional and a member of parliament.

Esbirro

Under the Alfredo González Flores government , Pinaud was the head of the police force until his overthrow on January 21, 1917.

On January 27, 1917, Pinaud and Rudecindo Guardia proclaimed Federico Alberto Tinoco Granados in the barracks Cuartel de Artilleria as president.

Tinoco used the Oficina Central de Detectives to persecute opponents of his dictatorship. Juan Bautista Quirós Segura had the Oficina Central de Detectives closed and distributed eleven detectives called Esbirros to individual police stations. The police structure remained intact and was headed by Pinaud from 1920 to 1928. He placed particular emphasis on prosecuting property crimes and kept the prisons filled. In his writing Cómo nos roban in 1921, Colonel Pinaud coined the term apachismo , the ragging, with which he summarized dangerous groups and wanted to lock them in his Gabinete Antropométrico in order to make a contribution to social hygiene .

In the Guerra de Coto border conflict with Panama in early 1921, Pinaud was involved in the occupation of Ciudad de Almirante in the Bocas del Toro province .

La Tribuna

In 1919 Pinaud was editor of the daily La Prensa and from 1918 to 1930 the owner and publisher of the daily La Tribuna .

On May 24, 1934 Luis Rafael de la Trinidad Otilio Ulate Blanco sold his shares in the La Tribuna newspaper to his partner Pinaud, who became the sole owner. La Tribuna subsequently developed into one of the highest-circulation newspapers in Costa Rica.

At the Gran Huelga Bananera del Atlántico in 1934, Pinaud was mediator. Pinaud was a co-signer of a contract with the government, which was signed after the strike of August 9-28, 1934. This stipulated 4.20 Costa Rican Colons for a six-hour working day, local banana buying points with prices that corresponded to the prices in the area. Work materials should be sold to the workers at cost. Medical care should be set up on all fincas according to the number of workers employed. Those involved in the strike were promised an amnesty and the banana workers' union was recognized. The contract was signed by the Costa Rican banana producers, the Minister of Labor and the strike leaders. UFCO revoked its consent to this contract. The Ricardo Jiménez Oreamuno government stationed additional police units in the region. On September 10, 1934, the police set fire to the strike station at 26 Milas and cut off supplies to the province. The track structure of the railway line from San José to Puerto Limón was partially removed and the rails bent. The workers then requisitioned food. The striking Carlos Luís Fallas, Jaime Cerdas Mora, Arnoldo Ferreto, Lino Octavo Bustos and Tobiás Vaglio were arrested.

1942, the radio station was 690 kilo hertz and 2.5 kilo watt radio América Latina (Telegraph identifier TIJMP) in San José property of Pinaud.

La Tribuna represented the policy of the Rafael Ángel Calderón Guardia government and was owned by José María Pinaud.

In 1945 Pinaud bought a used printing press in the USA for a new newspaper, which he sold. In this the newspaper La Nación was created .

Since 1925, voting in Costa Rica has been made by secret ballot. In 1946, Pinaud spoke out in favor of the reintroduction of public votes as a means against electoral fraud.

Pinaud proposed the Guanacaste (tree) as the national tree of Costa Rica to commemorate the annexation of the Partido de Nicoya into the national territory of Costa Rica.

Publications

• El Secreto dolor del perodista
• La epopeya del civismo costarricense, El 7 de noviembre de 1889, Imprenta La Tribuna San José 1942

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Anecdotario Nacional No. 12 ( Memento from November 22, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) In: costaricahoy.info
2. ↑ Clotilde María Obregón, Clotilde María Obregón Quesada, El proceso electoral y el poder ejecutivo en Costa Rica: 1808-1998 , Editorial Universidad de Costa Rica, 2000, 467 pp., P. 225
3. ↑ Diario de Costa Rica, 30 de agosto de 1919 “Cierre de la Oficina Central de Detectives”, according to Historia Política, de las Relaciones Internacionales y Geopolítica ( Memento of the original of February 9, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link became automatic used and not yet tested. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 1.2 MB) 
4. ↑ Ricardo Donato Salvatore, Carlos Aguirre, The birth of the penitentiary in Latin America: essays on criminology, prison reform, and social control, 1830-1940 , University of Texas Press, 1996, 279 pp. 240.
5. ↑ Ronny Viales José Hurtado, Pobreza e historia en Costa Rica: determinantes estructurales y sociales del siglo XVII representaciones a 1950 , Editorial Universidad de Costa Rica, 2005, 328 pp, p 197
6. ↑ Iván Molina Jiménez, Costarricense por dicha: identidad nacional y cambio cultural en Costa Rica durante los siglos XIX y XX , Universidad de Costa Rica, 2002, 168 p., P. 51.
7. ↑ El primer título de Chiriquí
8. ↑  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )
9. ↑ OTILIO ULATE SEPARÓ DE LA TRIBUNA May 15, 2009
10. ↑ Rogelio Ramos Valverde 8 de June 2007, Palabras aleccionadoras
11. ^ Eugene D. Miller, A holy alliance? the church and the left in Costa Rica, 1932-1948 , ME Sharpe, 1996, 228 pp., p. 43 FN42
12. ↑ p. 24 ( Memento of the original dated August 24, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
13. ↑ Cámera nacional de Radio ( Memento of the original of June 9, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
14. ↑ Fabrice Edouard Lehoucq, Iván Molina Jiménez: Stuffing the Ballot Box. Cambridge University Press, 2002, ISBN 978-1-139-43415-7 , p. 202 ( limited preview in Google book search).