Ricardo Jiménez Oreamuno
Ricardo Jiménez Oreamuno (born February 6, 1859 in Cartago , † January 4, 1945 in San José ) was three times President of Costa Rica .
Life
His parents were Esmeralda Oreamuno Gutiérrez, daughter of Francisco María Oreamuno Bonilla and Jesús Jiménez Zamora .
His first wife was Beatriz Zamora López, his second wife María Eugenia Calvo Badia. Esmeralda Jiménez Calvo was born in this marriage.
Ricardo Jiménez Oreamuno studied at the Colegio San Luis Gonzaga de Cartago and was Licenciado en Leyes at the Universidad de Santo Tomás . He published a course on public education, numerous articles and essays on public and legal subjects.
He was the owner of profitable cattle ranches in Cartago and Puntarenas and several times a member of the Junta de Caridad de San José .
When Justo Rufino Barrios Auyón wanted to enforce the economic integration of Central America militarily in 1885 , Ricardo Jiménez Oreamuno was the representative of the Ramón Bernardo Soto Alfaro government in El Salvador, Nicaragua and Mexico.
In 1886 Ricardo Jiménez Oreamuno was Plenipotentiary of the Ramón Bernardo Soto Alfaro Government in Mexico, Minister of Government, Minister of Police and Public Education.
Until the closure of the Catholic Universidad de Santo Tomás in 1888, Ricardo Jiménez Oreamuno was appointed by Education Minister Mauro Fernández Acuña as its rector.
From 1888 to 1889 Ricardo Jiménez Oreamuno was a delegate of the Ramón Bernardo Soto Alfaro government at the Congreso Centroamericano de San José .
Ricardo Jiménez Oreamuno was Foreign Minister from October 1888 to 1890.
Ricardo Jiménez Oreamuno was Minister of Finance and Trade from 1889 to 1890.
In the second round of the presidential election in 1890, Ricardo Jiménez Oreamunor received all of the votes from the Puerto Limón district without having stood as a candidate.
In May 1890 Ricardo Jiménez Oreamunor was appointed President of the Supreme Court for 1890-1894. After President José Joaquín Rodríguez Zeledón dissolved parliament in 1892, Ricardo Jiménez Oreamunor resigned from the presidency of the Supreme Court.
From 1902 to 1906 he was a delegate in the constituent assembly. In 1906 he was elected President of this Parliament. From 1902 to 1906 he was deputy to President Ascensión Esquivel Ibarra .
In 1906 he became a member of parliament for San José and fell on his opposition to several contracts that the executive under Cleto González Víquez concluded with the United Fruit Company .
From 1909 to 1910 he was chairman of a constituent assembly. In addition to Ricardo Jiménez, General Jorge Volio Jiménez from the Partido Reformista and Alberto Echandi stood for the presidential election . The president should be elected by parliament.
Presidency May 8, 1910 - May 8, 1914
On April 4, 1910, a severe earthquake struck in the Cartago department.
Reconstruction began during his tenure.
In 1917 Federico Alberto Tinoco Granados launched a coup .
In 1917 Ricardo Jiménez Oreamunor was a member of a commission of former presidents that drafted a constitution.
From 1919 to 1920 Ricardo Jiménez Oreamunor was an assessor at the Supreme Court.
Presidency May 8, 1924 - May 8, 1928
For the legislature from 1922 to 1926 he was a delegate for San José in a constituent assembly. In the presidential election in December 1923, he received the most votes, but missed an absolute majority, which is why the constituent assembly made the choice between Alberto Echandi Montero, the candidate of the Partido Agrícola and himself. With the help of the Partido Reformista, which was headed by General Jorge Volio Jiménez, Partido Republicano Nacional set him up in the constituent assembly as president for the period 1924–1928. In 1928 he signed the law establishing the Banco Nacional de Seguros , now the Instituto Nacional de Seguros , even though years earlier he had vigorously attacked this insurance policy when it was proposed in parliament by MP Alfredo González Flores .
During this term of office, the electrification of the San José- Puntarenas railway line began, an agricultural school and a health ministry were established.
On February 12, 1928, a president was elected for the first time in a direct, secret ballot in Costa Rica. The candidate of the Partido Union Nacional , Cleto González Víquez, was elected .
In order to relieve state and charitable institutions of health care costs, Cleto González Víquez , on the advice of Max Koberg , propagated the establishment of an equal health insurance system from 1928.
Presidency May 8, 1932 - May 8, 1936
From 1930 to 1932 he was a replacement member of parliament. He avoided a confrontation with the politics of President Cleto González Víquez . In the presidential elections on February 14, 1932, he again received the most votes, but again missed an absolute majority, which is why a second ballot to decide between him and the candidate of the Partido Union Republicana , Manuel Castro Quesada was planned. On the morning of February 15, 1932, Manuel Castro Quesada and a group stormed the Buena Vista barracks . After this attempted coup, known as Bellavistazo , failed , Manuel Castro Quesada renounced the candidacy.
The parliament then did not elect a president, but instead appointed Ricardo Jiménez Oreamuno as deputy to President Cleto González Víquez .
The Ferrocarril al Pacífico developed into a lucrative railway company. A lighthouse was erected in the port of Puntarenas on the Pacific Ocean and navigation signs were anchored in the Gulf of Nicoya .
In 1934 the banana workers and Carlos Luis Fallas went on strike in the Zona Atlantica.
Unidades Sanitarias health posts were set up to distribute medicines for the fight against malaria and hookworms .
The presidential elections took place on February 9, 1936. Lic. León Cortés Castro received 40% of the votes cast.
With the end of his tenure in 1936 Ricardo Jiménez Oreamunor declared to withdraw from politics.
In 1939 he was named again as a presidential candidate for the 1940 elections. The government of President León Cortés Castro put pressure on the candidate Rafael Ángel Calderón Guardia. Ricardo Jiménez Oreamunor's followers were persecuted and one of their newspapers was shut down. Ricardo Jiménez Oreamunor withdrew his candidacy.
Ricardo Jiménez Oreamunor practiced his profession until the last years of his life and published his opinion.
Since he lived in a modest house for rent, it was proposed that he be paid a public pension so that he could buy a house, which he vigorously refused.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Guido Miranda Gutiérrez, La seguridad social y el desarrollo en Costa Rica , EUNED, 2003, 413 p., P. 79.
- ↑ The New York Times , May 7, 1910, RUINS OF CARTAGO YIELD 400 BODIES; Fatalities in Earthquake Now Believed Much Greater Than First Estimate of 500.
- ↑ Clotilde María Obregón, Nuestros gobernantes: Verdades del pasado para comprender el futuro , Editorial Universidad de Costa Rica, 2002, 155 pp., 102
- ↑ Obregón, 2002, 155 pp. 114
- ↑ Guido Miranda Gutiérrez, La seguridad social y el desarrollo en Costa Rica , EUNED, 2003, 413 p., P. 80.
- ↑ Time Jan. 14, 1935 Oil-Burning Gifts
- ↑ Obregón, 2002, 155 pp., 116
References
- ^ Es : Universidad de Santo Tomás (Costa Rica)
- ^ Es : Cancilleres de Costa Rica
- ^ Es : Corte Suprema de Justicia de Costa Rica
- ↑ en: Vice Presidents of Costa Rica
- ↑ it: Jorge Volio Jiménez
- ^ Es : Alberto Echandi Montero
- ^ Es : Partido Republicano Nacional
- ^ Es : Elecciones presidenciales de Costa Rica
- ^ Es : Partido Unión Nacional (Costa Rica)
- ^ Es : Manuel Castro Quesada
- ^ Es : Golfo de Nicoya
- ^ Es : Carlos Luis Fallas
| predecessor | Office | successor |
|---|---|---|
|
Cleto González Víquez Julio Acosta García Cleto González Víquez |
Presidents of Costa Rica May 8, 1910 - May 8, 1914 May 8, 1924 - May 8, 1928 May 8, 1932 - May 8, 1936 |
Alfredo González Flores Cleto González Víquez León Cortés Castro |
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Jiménez Oreamuno, Ricardo |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | President of Costa Rica |
| DATE OF BIRTH | February 6, 1859 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Cartago |
| DATE OF DEATH | January 4, 1945 |
| Place of death | San Jose |