Joseph Anton Schumacher
Joseph Anton Schumacher (* 1773 in Lucerne ; † April 13, 1851 in Lucerne) was a Swiss military, government councilor and military director.
family
Schumacher comes from the patrician family Schumacher of the Lucerne patriciate . He is the father of the future general in Naples-Sicily Felix von Schumacher , the defender of Gaeta, and of Caspar Joseph, officer of the French Swiss Guard under the Restoration.
He was married to Sophie Dürler. She led the state receptions in place of the wife of Landammann Vinzenz Rüttimann when Lucerne was regularly the capital of Switzerland. Sophie Dürler was the daughter of Jost Dürler and Maria Elisabeth Zurlauben, who in turn was the daughter of General Beat Fidel Zurlauben . Her father Jost Dürler was the highest officer in the Tuileries who commanded the Swiss Guard on August 10, 1792, for which he was appointed by the later Louis XVIII in 1796 . received the French marshal's patent.
Military career
On April 20, 1790, Joseph Anton Schumacher joined the Pfyffer company of the Royal Swiss Guards Regiment in Paris and on March 3, 1794, switched to the service of the King of Sardinia , Viktor Amadeus III. , where he took part in the campaigns of 1794, 1795 and 1796 in the Swiss Zimmermann Regiment and received the Order of St. Mauritius and Lazarus .
On December 20, 1797 he was appointed grenadier captain and after the French occupation of Piedmont he entered the service of the French Republic, where he was assigned to the 2nd Helvetic Legion. During this time he describes the military operations of Sardinia against the French, mentions an encounter with General Bonaparte and illuminates the abdication of the Lucerne patriciate and the contribution demands of the French from the perspective of a Swiss officer abroad.
When the French marched into Switzerland, Joseph Anton Schumacher was in command of the Lucerne Grenadiers near St. Urban, where the French were expected to invade, but with the order to receive them in a friendly manner. He then took part in the campaigns of the French army in Italy in 1799, was captured by Austria near Mantua and after a year was released on word of honor in Switzerland, where he was appointed lieutenant colonel on May 4, 1809. After the coup d'état of 1814 and the restoration of the patrician constitution under the leadership of Vinzenz Rüttimann in Lucerne, Joseph Anton Schumacher joined the Small Council, and in June 1817 he received as a former member of the Swiss Guard, which defended the Tuileries in Paris on August 10, 1792 had, from the later Louis XVIII. the Order of St. Ludwig .
Joseph Anton Schumacher wrote numerous scholarly writings on all areas of knowledge of his time, and in 1825, as government councilor and military director of Lucerne, he played a key role in the conclusion of the military treaties with the Kingdom of Naples .
swell
- Family files, Lucerne State Archives (StALU, FamA): Schumacher-Schönbühl's private archive (PA 639).
literature
- Schumacher, R .: Short biographies of some representatives of the Lucerne patrician family Schumacher . Lucerne 2010, Central and University Library, Lucerne State Archives.
- Schumacher, R .: The Lucerne patrician family Schumacher . Lucerne 2010, Central and University Library, Lucerne State Archives.
- Schumacher, R .: Male portraits of the Lucerne patrician Schumacher family . Lucerne 2005, Central and University Library, Lucerne State Archives.
Individual evidence
- ^ New necrology of the Germans. Twenty-ninth year, 1851. Second part. Bernh. Friedr. Voigt, Weimar 1853, pp. 1044f.
- ^ Josef Brülisauer: Dürler, Jost. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
Web links
- Markus Lischer: Schumacher [from]. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
- Website Schumacher (from)
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Schumacher, Joseph Anton |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Swiss, statesman and military, knight of the Order of St. Louis |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 1773 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Lucerne |
| DATE OF DEATH | April 13, 1851 |
| Place of death | Lucerne |