Young Eagles (Youth Association)

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Junge Adler was the name of a group of the Bundische Jugend , which, when it emerged after the Second World War, was initially positioned rather right-wing extremists , then developed into a Bundisch-oriented part of the youth movement and finally, at the end of the 1960s, partly joined the left-wing scene and disbanded. The Hamburg groups called themselves Young German Eagles . In 1966 the federal government changed its name to The Skara .

history

The first years

The right-wing extremist Alfons Höller (* 1930) founded some radical youth leagues after the Second World War, including some groups in Westphalia and Lower Saxony around 1947 that he called Young Eagles , which he wanted to transfer to the DRP . In the small association, which at times also called itself "Der Horst", a less radical line prevailed and in 1951 Höller was "completely denied the ability to lead a youth group" by the state leadership of the Junge Adler Rhineland-Westphalia. In North Rhine-Westphalia around this time a regional association with numerous newly founded groups was established. In 1951, with the support of FDP members, the "Young German Eagles Hamburg" were founded in Hamburg. Both groups were intended as a youth association in the run-up to the Young Democrats . In 1952, Heinz Lange , FDP member of the state parliament in North Rhine-Westphalia, brought these groups together before the war in the Adler and Falken Bund and was elected the first federal leader of this joint youth league . By 1954 the federal government had more than 2500 members, 343 of whom participated in the federal camp. Due to new impulses and groups that exclusively worked in groups, a conflict broke out in 1955 between the more nationally and the purely group-minded. In the new guiding principles of 1956, the federal government finally made a clear commitment to the Basic Law. After Jochen Schulz-Thomale was elected federal leader (1956 to 1959), the more nationally oriented groups quickly lost their importance, contacts were established with other groups of the youth movement and the federal government took on an alliance.

The Bundische Phase

Around 1960, the Junge Adler were part of the post-war youth movement : Together with the German Scout Association , the Cartel Deutsche Jungenschaft, the German Freischar , the Aachener and the Deutsche Jungenschaft, they belonged to the six leagues that decided to publish the magazine on February 14, 1960 in Wiesbaden Release the icebreaker . The Young German Eagles were among the founders of the Hamburg singing competition initiated by the Ring Bündischer Jugend , in which they took part in the first competition in 1962, as well as in the following ones, most recently in 1966 with a girls' after-school club from the Skara . They were represented at the “Überbündisches Treffen” at Hohlenfels Castle in 1961 and at the Meißner Meeting in 1963. During this period, federal leaders were Helmut Jaeger (1959/60), Gunther Gustafsen (1960/61; at times he was also chairman of the Bundischer Jugend in Hamburg e.V.), Axel Witzsch (1961/62) and Heinz Ostrowski (1962/63).

The renaming to "The Skara" and the end of the covenant

The last federal leader was the later publicist and NPD politician Rolf Kosiek , who headed the federal government from 1963 to 1967. The groups did not allow themselves to be influenced politically by him; the Hertener example, were aligned pacifist, some of its members took part in the Easter marches of the peace movement . In order to avoid the frequent confusion with the Adler Youth Association , the youth organization of the right-wing extremist-nationalist German bloc , the Junge Adler renamed themselves Die Skara in 1966 . The Hamburg groups in particular were influenced by the student movement. In 1969 the still active members built their group rooms in Schlüterstrasse. 4 to a communication center "Ingenieurbüro MAREN" (Marx-Engels) with a "pub", which was opened in the evening and used by many students because of its proximity to the university. The hard core founded a residential community in 1971 and took part in student discussions and protests in collaboration with other Bund groups within the Ring of Bündischer Jugend. In 1973 the Skara , which consisted of only a few members, was excluded from the ring of young fraternities together with the "Jungentrucht" , as they destroyed all meaningful work within the ring through class struggle slogans and endless discussions.

Structure, characteristics, people

The Jugendbund Junge Adler only existed in northwest Germany and Berlin. It was divided into Gaue, in 1954 the Gaue Bremen-Oldenburg, Lower Saxony (they later formed the Stromgau), Hamburg, Westphalia, Rhineland and Berlin existed. In addition to the Federal Gazette Der Sturmadler , there were numerous regional magazines, such as Der Seeadler (Hamburg, 1951–1965), Der Grenzadler (1954–1956, 30 issues) and Quo vadis (Bremen-Oldenburg, 1957–1959). At times the federal government participated in the construction work in Tyrol ; the participants of the trip stayed with farmers and worked during the day in agriculture or building roads. Since the first five federal leaders were all active in the FDP and the young democrats, the federal government was considered to be closely related to this party.

The Hamburg Young German Eagles agreed with the Ring Bündischer Jugend in 1963 as the first youth association in the FRG to organize a youth exchange with the "Committee of Youth Organizations of the USSR" and, under the direction of Gunther Gustafsen and Helmut Jaeger, carried out annual trips to Leningrad and Moscow until 1966, during In return, Russian students and Komsomol members came to the FRG. This initiative was then expanded by the Hamburger Jugendring . In 1967, together with other members of the Bundestag, Skara converted the Estetal youth farm into a special educational children's home and was the chairman for decades.

For a shorter or longer period of time, the former NATO General Dieter Clauss and the editor and songwriter Erik Martin belonged to the Bund.

literature

  • Brigitte Bilstein: Origin and development of the youth association "Junge Adler" . Accompanying document to the exhibition “Young Eagles” in the Museum Fresenhof, Nienburg, September 1986
  • Bernd Kautz: The youth work of the federal “Young Eagles” from the initial phase to the end of the sixties . Thesis on pedagogy for the teacher examination. University of Hamburg 1975 (with a 72-page appendix "Documents")
  • Immo Gotha (Ed.): … Our eagle plows the clouds. History of the youth association "Junge Adler" . Escheburg 2009 (contains the work by B. Kautz, expanded, among other things, by a foreword and a detailed picture section)
  • Erik Martin: The young eagles . In: Musselhaufen 24 + 25. The small border forest book . Viersen 1987/88
  • The storm eagle . Leading writing of the young eagles. Mülheim (Ruhr) 1951-1965
  • Call. Bulletin from the circle of friends of former young eagles and messages from the RUF circle . 1986 ff.
  • Young eagles . In: Junge Bünde 1963. Yearbook of group youth. For Meissner Day on October 12 and 13, 1963

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Peter Bruges: The school of right-wing radicals . In: Der Spiegel 16/1967
  2. ↑ B. Kautz, p. 6
  3. ↑ Der Sturmadler , Nienburg, December 1, 1951
  4. ↑ B. Kautz, p. 11 f
  5. ^ Kristian Buchna: German Young Democrats and Young Eagles . In: “National Collection on the Rhine and Ruhr. Friedrich Middelhauve and the North Rhine-Westphalian FDP 1945-1953 ”. Munich 2010, ISBN 978-3-486-59802-5
  6. ↑ Der Sturmadler , July / August 1954 edition
  7. ↑ Principles of the Junge Adler from February 5, 1956, point 2
  8. ↑ Certificate reprinted in Call No. 9, 1990
  9. ↑ also on the forerunner 1957, Hamburger Singewettstreit. A documentation of the Hamburg singing contests 1955-2007 . Hamburg 2007
  10. ↑ represented on the CD “Hamburger Singewettstreit 1963”, bundisches audio
  11. ↑ Hans-Joachim Broeker (Ed.): Junge Bünde 1963. Yearbook Bündischer Jugend . Oeding, Braunschweig 1963. P. 143 f.
  12. ↑ Heinz Ostrowski: Leading article in No. 32 as well as other texts in editions of Der Trommler. Leaves of the young eagle. Horst Herten . 1958 ff.
  13. ↑ The icebreaker . Issued January 1967
  14. ↑ Eike Seidel: The Ring of Bündischer Jugend (RJB) in Hamburg 1971-1976. Bündische Jugend in the 1968 movement and afterwards in: Eckard Holler (Ed.): There are boys here who don't even have their own bed . No. 6 of the series with the Mindener Kreis, Berlin 2012, ISBN 978-3-942881-03-6
  15. ↑ B. Kautz, p. 80.
  16. ↑ Der Eisbrecher 62 , October 1973
  17. ↑ Immo Gotha, p. 34
  18. ^ Journal of the Ring of Bündischer Jugend, 1971; B. Kautz, pp. 80/81
  19. ↑ 20 years of Jugendhof Estetal . 1987; Jugendhof Estetal conception (1994); [1]
  20. ↑ Reputation . No. 13/1993, p. 3
  21. ↑ (1954-1956); B. Kautz, pages 99 and 99a, resignation because of national groups, remained connected to alliance groups