Junintapaculo
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Junintapaculo ( Scytalopus gettyae ) |
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| Scytalopus gettyae | ||||||||||||
| Hosner , Robbins , Valqui & Peterson , 2013 |
The Junintapaculo ( Scytalopus gettyae ) is a passerine bird of the family of Tapaculo (Rhinocryptidae). It is endemic to the Junín region in central Peru . The art epithet honors Caroline Marie Getty (* 1957), a granddaughter of J. Paul Getty , who works as a conservationist for the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation (NFWF). The Junintapaculo was discovered in 2008 and scientifically described in 2013 .
features
The measurements and characteristics are based on four specimens, including three adult and one adult male. The body length is approximately 11 cm. The weight is between 19.8 and 20.9 g, the beak length between 5.9 and 6.6 mm, the barrel length between 21.9 and 24.0 mm, the wing length between 55.0 and 58.8 mm and the Tail length between 37.0 and 40.9 mm. The plumage of the adult males is generally dark to black in color. The iris is dark brown. The legs are dark brown and the beak is black. In the adolescent male, the wings, the tail and the under-tail-covers have brownish bands. Ocher-yellowish-brown markings can be seen on the flanks and belly. The Junintapaculo differs from the sympatric shale dorsal tapaculo ( Scytalopus femoralis ) by its shorter body length and the lack of extensive brown and black banding on the flanks and rump. It is generally darker than the trill tapaculo ( Scytalopus parvirostris ) and the gray tapaculo ( Scytalopus acutirostris ) and shorter-tailed than the black tapaculo ( Scytalopus latrans ).
Vocalizations
The singing consists of a repeating series of four to ten tones that gradually rise over frequencies of 1.2 to 3.5 kHz. Each row lasts 0.4 to 0.6 seconds, is repeated every 1 to 1.9 seconds, and contains a single loud high frequency tone in the range of 1.7 to 1.8 kHz. This is followed by two to five additional tones, which start weaker in volume and lower in frequency (at 1.6 kHz) and gradually become louder and higher in frequency. The final tone is at a frequency of 2.4 to 3.6 kHz and is higher than the initial loud tone. The singing shows an individual variation in speed, range and frequency. The call consists of a sharp descending tone that is initially played in the 3.2 to 3.5 kHz frequency range, then descends to 1.8 to 1.9 kHz and is repeated every 2 to 2.8 seconds.
Occurrence
The distribution area extends over an area of 130 km². The Junintapaculo is known from two locations, which are located in the Huaytapallana cordillera below the Cerro Apalla between Calabaza and Toldopampa near the Río Satipo in the Junín region in central Peru.
habitat
The Junintapaculo lives in the undergrowth of the temperate moist mountain forests at altitudes of 2400 to 3200 m. It is commonly found in dense and low secondary vegetation, including bushes, bamboo thickets, and ferns under the canopy of adjacent primary forests. At altitudes of 2400 to 2500 m it replaces the slate back tapaculo and at altitudes of 2900 to 3200 m it is replaced by the gray tapaculo.
Way of life
Its diet consists of insects. Four males ready to breed were observed in October 2008. No more is known about his way of life.
status
When assessing the existing situation, the research team led by Peter Hosner recommended an IUCN classification in the category of “insufficient data” ( data deficient ). At the end of 2016, the Junintapaculo was put on the IUCN "forewarning list" ( near threatened ). This IUCN assessment is based on estimates for related species. Since only a small part of the occurrence is known, the population in the region could be at least 7,500 to 12,000 specimens, which corresponds to an estimate of 5,000 to 8,000 adult birds. This species could possibly also be found in other regions. Deforestation is considered the main threat.
literature
- Peter A. Hosner, Mark B. Robbins, Thomas Valqui, A. Townsend Peterson: A New Species of Scytalopus Tapaculo (Aves: Passeriformes: Rhinocryptidae) from the Andes of Central Peru . The Wilson Journal of Ornithology 125 (2), 2013: 233-242. doi : 10.1676 / 12-055.1
Web links
- Scytalopus gettyae inthe IUCN 2016 Red List of Threatened Species . 3. Posted by: BirdLife International, 2016. Retrieved April 6, 2017.
- BirdLife International: Species Factsheet - Scytalopus gettyae
- xeno-canto: sound recordings - Junintapaculo ( Scytalopus gettyae )
Individual evidence
- ↑ Peter A. Hosner, Mark B. Robbins, Thomas Valqui and A. Townsend Peterson: A New Species of Scytalopus Tapaculo (Aves: Passeriformes: Rhinocryptidae) from the Andes of Central Peru . The Wilson Journal of Ornithology 125 (2), 2013: 233-242. doi : 10.1676 / 12-055.1
- ^ L. Klemann Jr. & JS Vieira: Assessing the extent of occurrence, area of occupancy, territory size, and population size of marsh tapaculo (Scytalopus iraiensis). Animal Biodiversity and Conservation 36 (1), 2013: 47-57.