Jurassic Striped Fern
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Jurassic Striped Fern ( Asplenium fontanum ) in Mallorca |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Asplenium fontanum | ||||||||||||
| ( L. ) Bernh. |
The Jura striped fern ( Asplenium fontanum ) is a rare representative of the striped ferns ( Asplenium ) in Central Europe .
description
The Jura striped fern reaches heights of 5 to 20 cm. The fronds are double to triple pinnate and radiate out to form a rosette. Their outline is linear-lanceolate and is strongly narrowed towards the base and the tip. The petiole is shorter than the blade. The stem base is black-brown, the rest is green. The pinna are very short stalked, they are light green and there are 12 to 24 on each side of the leaf spindle. The feathers have spiky lobes. The sori are approximated to the central vein of the feathers. The spores ripen in July to September.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 72.
distribution
The Jura striped fern is rare in Germany and regionally extinct. It occurs in Baden-Württemberg (near Geislingen an der Steige , Swabian Alb ), Bavaria, Hesse, North Rhine-Westphalia, Rhineland-Palatinate and Saarland. It became extinct in Bavaria and Hesse. The deposits in North Rhine-Westphalia and Rhineland-Palatinate are also extinct. The species is also found in Europe in Styria, Vorarlberg, Switzerland, France, Spain, Italy and the Czech Republic. It became extinct in Luxembourg and Hungary. In Vorarlberg, the species occurs on half-shaded Nagelfluh rocks on the Pfänder slope. It was discovered there by F. Sündermann and found again by E. Dörr in 1998. Because of its distribution focus in the Jura regions of France, Switzerland and southern Germany, the species is called Jura striped fern. Occasionally the incorrect name source striped fern is also found. The species never occurs at sources. There is only a wrong translation of the Latin term "fontanum". The brothers Johann Bauhin and Caspar Bauhin , to whom the name goes back, chose this name because they only knew the species from the Swiss Jura from a place where it was found called "the waterfall". Outside Europe, the species is still found in Morocco and in Turkestan, Uzbekistan, Afghanistan, Pakistan, North India and Nepal, but here in the subspecies Asplenium fontanum subsp. pseudofontanum (Koss.) Reichst. & Faster .
The species grows on shady, moist limestone rocks of the colline to montane altitude . In Central Europe it is a local association character of the Asplenio viridis-Cystopteridetum fragilis (in the association Cystopteridion fragilis) and an order character of the Potentilletalia caulescentis.
Taxonomy
The Basionym Polypodium fontanum L. was first published in 1753 by Carl von Linné in Species Plantarum . Johann Jakob Bernhardi presented it in 1799 as Asplenium fontanum (L.) Bernh. into the genus Asplenium.
supporting documents
- Siegmund Seybold (Ed.): Schmeil-Fitschen interactive . CD-ROM, version 1.1. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2002, ISBN 3-494-01327-6 .
- Jaakko Jalas, Juha Suominen (ed.): Atlas Florae Europaeae. Distribution of Vascular Plants in Europe. 1: Pteridophyta (Psilotaceae to Azollaceae). Akateeminen Kirjakaupa, The Committee for Mapping the Flora of Europe & Societas Biologica Fennica Vanamo, Helsinki 1972, p. 72.
- Tadeus Reichstein : Aspleniaceae. In: Karl Ulrich Kramer (ed.): Illustrated flora of Central Europe. Pteridophyta, Spermatophyta . Founded by Gustav Hegi. 3rd, completely revised edition. Volume I. Part 1 Pteridophyta . Paul Parey, Berlin / Hamburg 1984, ISBN 3-489-50020-2 , p. 221-224 . .
- Tadeus Reichstein, J. Schneller: Asplenium pseudofontanum Kossinsky (Aspleniaceae, Pteridophyta). Studies in Asplenium for Flora Iranica: 3rd In: Candollea , Volume 37, No. 1, 1982, pp. 117-128.
Individual evidence
- ^ Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp. 77 .
- ↑ Krippel, Y., 2017. Asplenium fontanum (L.) Bernh. In: Online atlas of the pteridophytes of Luxembourg. URL: https://pteridophytes.lu/asplenium-fontanum/ [12/12/2017].
- ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 1, IHW, Eching 2001, ISBN 3-930167-50-6 , p. 85.
- ↑ Carl von Linné: Species Plantarum. Volume 2, Lars Salvius, Stockholm 1753, p. 1089 ( digitized version ).
- ^ Johann Jakob Bernhardi: Tentamen nouae generum filicum et specierum earum Germaniae indigenarum dispositionis. In: Journal for botany (edited by Heinrich Adolf Schrader). Year 1799, No. 1, 1799, pp. 291–316 (here: p. 314) .
Web links
- Jurassic Striped Fern. In: FloraWeb.de.
- Jurassic Striped Fern . In: BiolFlor, the database of biological-ecological characteristics of the flora of Germany.
- Profile and distribution map for Bavaria . In: Botanical Information Hub of Bavaria .
- Asplenium fontanum (L.) Bernh. In: Info Flora , the national data and information center for Swiss flora .
- Thomas Meyer: Stripe fern data sheet with identification key and photos at Flora-de: Flora von Deutschland (old name of the website: Flowers in Swabia )