Licensing
A licensing is the selection of domestic animals of various species ( horses , cattle , pigs , goats etc.) suitable for breeding certain breeds . The process is regulated by rules of breed associations and laws .
General
The prerequisite for participating in a licensing is that the ancestors are known from a herdbook over several generations and that there are no health problems that limit the suitability as a breeding animal. Only animals that correspond to the respective breed standard or - in the case of cross-breeding - correspond to the breeding goal of the breed to be improved or at least come closer than the existing specimens to the target breed may be licensed.
The owner decides whether an animal is presented for licensing. For some animal species, non-licensed animals may not be used for breeding with animals from other owners.
Since the handling of uncastrated male animals is difficult with some animal species and animal-friendly keeping is correspondingly expensive (cattle, horses), there used to be the requirement to castrate non-licensed male animals.
Horses
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If a stallion is to be used for breeding, the first step is usually the licensing, which is a selection for the stallion performance test . Only after successfully completing the latter is a stallion entered as a breeding stallion or stallion in the Stallion Book I of the respective breed . The stallion will keep this entry for life. The minimum age for the licensing is two years for most breeding associations.
The breed characteristics defined in the breeding program are assessed at the licensing. The licensing takes place as a collective event in order to enable a sufficiently large number of stallions to be compared. During the licensing on firm ground, the stallions are examined by the hand in a triangular trajectory while standing, walking and trotting , whereby the correctness of the physique and the spatial grasp and swing of the gaits are assessed. Most of the time, there is also free running and free jumping , whereby the jumping technique and not the height is assessed. Older stallions are presented under the saddle depending on the breed or breeding association.
The licensing also includes the determination of health and suitability for breeding. It is carried out by means of a veterinary examination, which includes clinical examinations of the general condition, the exterior , the teeth, the eyes, the heart and lungs, the nervous system, the external genital organs (testicles) and the musculoskeletal system as well as an X-ray examination of the toes and ankle. and knee joints. With certain findings (e.g. over- or underbite, testicular anomalies such as cryptorchidism / microorchism , larynx paralysis ), the stallion cannot be licensed.
The licensing decision is “licensed”, “not licensed” or “temporarily not licensed”. Stallions that have not been licensed for the time being can be presented again for licensing.
Stallions who have been administered unauthorized substances in accordance with the relevant regulations or who have been subjected to prohibited manipulations or interventions in order to influence performance, productivity or willingness to perform are not permitted for licensing. A licensing decision must be withdrawn if a prerequisite for its issuance did not exist. A licensing must be revoked if a requirement is no longer applicable.
Bees
In beekeeping , bee colonies can be licensed, either for breeding queens (breeding colony) or for breeding drones (drone colony).
dogs
Even in the dog breeding are pedigree dogs licensed.
Web links
- German Animal Breeding Act ( full text ) in particular Section 2: Breeding organizations, performance tests and breeding value estimation with § 6 right to membership and registration , § 7 performance tests, breeding value estimation and § 8 authorizations as well as Annex 2 [...] requirements [...] for entry in stud books and breeding registers
Individual evidence
- ↑ Breeding German saddle pig
- ^ Stud book regulations of the Landesverband Rheinischer Ziegenzüchter e. V.
- ↑ a b c d Breeding Association Regulations (ZVO) of the German Equestrian Association, A. General provisions. Download from FN / Zucht-Verband -ordnung (ZVO) . Retrieved December 10, 2017.
- ↑ Hanoverian Stallion Licensing , accessed on December 10, 2017.
- ↑ Zuchtverbandordnung (ZVO) of the German Equestrian Association, D. Annexes. Download from FN / Zucht-Verband -ordnung (ZVO) . Retrieved December 10, 2017.
- ↑ Guidelines for Breeding of the German Beekeeping Association
- ^ Association for German Shepherd Dogs (SV): licensing and scheduled breeding