Kaarel Parts

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Kaarel Parts, 1907

Kaarel Parts (born June 5, 1873 in Arula, today rural municipality Otepää , Estonia , † December 5, 1940 in Tartu ) was an Estonian lawyer . He was President of the Estonian State Court ( Riigikohus ) from 1919 to 1940 .

Early years

Kaarel Parts was born as the son of a farmer in Arula (German Arrol ). He attended the renowned Hugo-Treffner-Gymnasium in Tartu ( Dorpat ). In 1896 he completed his law studies at the University of Tartu . From 1898 to 1907 Parts was chairman of the regional courts ( ülemtalurahvakohus ) of Võru ( Werro ) and Tartu.

Politician

From 1907 to 1917 Parts worked as a lawyer in Tartu. There he was also politically active. From 1907 to 1920 he was a member of the Tartu city council. 1907 was Parts for the National Estonian Progressive Party ( Estonian Eesti Rahvameelne Eduerakond ) by Jaan Tõnisson member of the Second Russian State Duma , which met from February to June 1907 in Saint Petersburg . From 1902 to 1923 Parts was a member of the board of directors or supervisory boards of various Estonian and Livonian banks.

From 1917 to 1919 Parts was a member of the Provisional District Council of the Estonia Governorate and from February 1, 1919 until its dissolution on April 23, 1919, its chairman. On February 24, 1918, Estonia declared its independence from Russia . From April 23 to October 31, 1919 Parts was a member of the Constituent Assembly of the Republic of Estonia ( Asutav Kogu ), a member of the Elders' Council and the Basic Law Committee.

State Court

From 1919 Kaarel Parts became chairman of the newly created State Court of the Republic of Estonia ( Riigikohus ). During his tenure he played an essential role in the creation of the Estonian judiciary and the development of an independent Estonian and Estonian-speaking jurisprudence.

With the occupation of Estonia by the Soviet Union in June 1940, the independence of the courts was abolished and the Estonian judiciary was brought into line. The new rulers removed Parts from office on August 1, 1940. The new constitution of the Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic of August 25, 1940 completely abolished the Estonian State Court. Kaarel Parts died of natural causes a few weeks later.

literature

  • Anepaio, Toomas: "Riigikohtu esimees Kaarel Parts (1873-1940)". In: Eesti Jurist 1992 No. 6, pp. 431-434

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ EESTI RIIGI HÄVITAMINE ( Memento from July 18, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
  2. ^ Fate of Estonia's Judges ( Memento of May 8, 2008 in the Internet Archive )
personal data
SURNAME Parts, Kaarel
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Estonian lawyer
DATE OF BIRTH June 5, 1873
PLACE OF BIRTH Arula, today the rural municipality of Otepää , Estonia Governorate
DATE OF DEATH 5th December 1940
Place of death Tartu , Estonian SSR