Kabbalistic school chart

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The blackboard when open
Main picture (1659–1663)

The kabbalistic school chart is a triptych in the Evangelical Trinity Church in the Bad Teinach district of the city of Bad Teinach-Zavelstein with motifs on the Jewish secret doctrine of the Kabbalah . It was initiated and donated in 1673 by the ducal princess Antonia von Württemberg (1613–1679) after the Thirty Years' War . The picture, which was probably designed under the impression of Antonia's conversion experience and with the help of a learned advisory group from 1652 onwards, is in the years 1659–1663 by Johann Friedrich Gruber (around 1620–1681), the painter at the Stuttgart Fürstenhof, in form and shape Color has been implemented. In 1673 the painting shrine was set up in the Trinity Church in Teinach, the place where the princely family spent their holidays. The total external dimension of the shrine, which completely takes up the right side of the sanctuary, is 5.10 m in width and 6.50 m in height.

On this work of art, designed as a hinged triptych, a symbolic biblical event can be seen in Christian-Kabbalistic interpretation. With its spiritual world system "totius mundi", the work of art encompasses the spiritual evolution of mankind from its beginnings to the present. The work shows the way to a spiritual worldview: This happens through mystical initiation paths . In addition to an introduction to the Sephiroth doctrine of the Kabbalah and its Christian reinterpretation in humanism , aspects of pietistic individual piety are included in the teaching table .

The blackboard is characterized by the combination of a large number of suggestions. The following are mentioned:

1. The Kabbalah. The Hebraist Johann Jacob Strölin was particularly important for the Kabbalistic background.

2. The virtue system with the ancient tradition of the cardinal virtues and the Christian tradition of theological virtues . The conventional personification of virtues through female figures has resulted in the combination of virtue tree and sephiroth tree in the school chart, especially a far-reaching feminization compared to the patriarchal Kabbalah: female figures stand for Sephiroth 1 - 9, for the 10th Sephira ( Shechina ) Jesus Christ . A stimulating effect here was Johann Valentin Andreae 's work Ein Geistliches Gemäld (1615), which was previously executed as a preliminary stage for the painter Conrad Rotenburger (1579-1633), who lived in Bietigheim an der Enz from 1614-1618 onwards. The painting of the Evangelical City Church in Andreae's official town of Vaihingen an der Enz , which was destroyed in the town fire in October 1618, can be seen. The wall paintings had depicted Christian virtues and visual summaries of salvation history .

3. The Concept of Biblical Summaries. Johann Valentin Andreae apparently took up the concept of the Biblical Summaries developed by Veit Dietrich (1506–1549) in his Summaria on the Old (1541) and the New Testament as a Vaihinger deacon and with it the painter Conrad Rotenburger and then the Princess Antonia von Württemberg suggested. Their mathematics teacher, Johann Jacob Heinlin, had also in his former place of office Bietigheim an der Enz linked to the tradition of Biblical Summaries , which was attempted to be artistically appreciated there by Rotenburger at Andreae's instigation , and later to the comprehensive contributions in two volumes (1659 and posthumously 1662) Württemberg summaries supported.

4. The baroque concept of “noble diversity”, which ties in with the ancient tradition of comprehensive (encyclopedic) education. This is where the classically-philologically educated theologian Johann Lorenz Schmidlin I became important.

5. The emblematic (symbolic art ) developed in the Renaissance period, especially since Andrea Alciato . It was not until 1974 that research on the school board pointed to an emblem book that was particularly important for its creation. It comes from Johann Ebermeier (also: Ebermaier), pastor in Zavelstein and in the Teinach branch in the Black Forest, who was in contact with Andreae and Princess Antonia of Württemberg, and bears the title New Poetic Garden of Hope . For example, the 270th emblem in Ebermeier's book is entitled "Emblema Illustriss [imae]. & [Et] Celssissimae Dominae, D [ominae]. Antoniae, Ducissae VVürttemb [ergiae]. Praemium spei, corona". The crowned monogram "A V" of the princess, covered by an anchor as a symbol of hope, can be found at the top of the inside picture of the teaching board with the representation of the ten reflections (Sephiroth) of God.

literature

  • Otto Betz : Light from the uncreated light. The kabbalistic school chart of Princess Antonia . 3rd edition, edited by Isolde Betz. Werner Grimm Verlag, Tübingen 2013, ISBN 978-3-00-041501-2 .
  • Otto Betz. Isolde Betz, Adolf Killinger: A jewel of faith. The kabbalistic school chart of Princess Antonia in Bad Teinach. Preface by Karl-Heinz Splettstößer. Evangelical church community Bad Teinach, Bad Teinach-Zavelstein o.J.
  • Reinhard Breymayer : Urban and literary life in Stuttgart in the 17th century. A bibliographical attempt with special consideration of Princess Antonia of Württemberg and her library . In: Klaus Garber, Stefan Anders, Thomas Elsmann (eds.): City and literature in the German-speaking area of ​​the early modern period . Vol. 1. Max Niemeyer Verlag, Tübingen 1998 ( Early Modern Times , Vol. 39/1), ISBN 3-484-36539-0 , pp. 308-383; here p. 329–383: "On the cabbalistic chart of the Stuttgart Princess Antonia Duchess of Württemberg in Bad Teinach", in it p. 333 first reference to the handwriting Turris Antoniae Votiva . [Schematic overview of the teaching table.] - [2] Bl. 2 ° (Location: Württ. Landesbibliothek Stuttgart Call number: Cod. Misc. Fol. 24).
  • Reinhard Breymayer: Johann Lorenz Schmidlin's program publication 'Pictura docens' for the cabbalistic school chart of Princess Antonia in Bad Teinach. On the occasion of an important edition and with new references to the intellectual historical aftermath in the context of Hölderlin and Hegel . In: Sacred Art. Member gift of the Art Association of the Diocese of Rottenburg-Stuttgart , vol. 36 (2007/2008). On behalf of the Kunstverein ed. by Michael Kessler. (Ostfildern :) Schwabenverlag (2010), ISBN 978-3-7966-1469-9 ; P. 12–30 (P. 13 fig.), Here P. 17–30: "On the aftermath of the 'Pictura docens' in idealism".
  • Reinhard Breymayer: Between Princess Antonia von Württemberg and Kleist's 'Käthchen von Heilbronn'. News on the magnetic and tension fields of Prelate Friedrich Christoph Oetinger . Noûs-Verlag Thomas Leon Heck, Dußlingen 2010, ISBN 978-3-924249-51-9 . [On the aftermath of the educational chart of Princess Antonia about Oetinger on the environment of Hölderlin , Hegel and Heinrich von Kleist ];
  • Reinhard Breymayer: Friedrich Christoph Steinhofer. A pietistic theologian between Oetinger, Zinzendorf and Goethe. With […] an excursus on the importance of the doctrine of virtue and Biblical summaries for the teaching board in Steinhofer's official town of Teinach . Noûs-Verlag Thomas Leon Heck, Dußlingen 2012, ISBN 978-3-924-249-53-3 , pp. 71-106 on the school chart of Princess Antonia.
  • Reinhard Gruhl, Matthias Morgenstern : Two Hebrew prayers by Princess Antonia of Württemberg (1613-1679) in the context of the inauguration of the cabbalistic teaching board in Bad Teinach. In: Judaica. Contributions to the understanding of Judaism. Vol. 62, H. 2, June 2006, pp. 97-130.
  • Friedrich Häußermann: Pictura Docens. A prelude to Friedrich. Chr [istoph]. Oetinger's school chart for Princess Antonia of Württemberg. In: Blätter für Wuerttemberg Church History 66/67 (1966/1967), pp. 65–153. [Basic study rated excellent by Gershom Scholem in Judaica 4.]
  • Ernst Harnischfeger: Mysticism in the Baroque. The world view of the Teinach school board. 2nd edition, Urachhaus publishing house, Stuttgart 1994.
  • Arnold Kuppler: Light from the uncreated light. The school chart of Princess Antonia in the Trinity Church Bad Teinach from 1673. Booklet for viewing . Arnold Kuppler, [Göppingen-Jebenhausen] 2003.
  • Friedrich Christoph Oetinger : The school chart of the Princess Antonia . Edited by Reinhard Breymayer and Friedrich Häußermann. 2 parts. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin & New York 1977 ( Texts on the History of Pietism , Dept. 7, Vol. 1, Part 1. 2), ISBN 3-11-004130-8 .
  • Eva Johanna Schauer: Dramaturgia Pietatis in Württemberg in the 17th century. Princess Antonia zu Württemberg and her cabbalistic school chart . Phil. Diss. Hanover 2003.
  • Eva Johanna Schauer: Friedrich Christoph Oetinger and the cabbalistic school chart of the Württemberg princess Antonia in Teinach . In: Mathesis, natural philosophy and arcane science in the vicinity of Friedrich Christoph Oetinger (1702-1782) . Edited by Sabine Holtz, Gerhard Betsch u. Eberhard Zwink. Franz Steiner Verlag Wiesbaden, Stuttgart 2005 ( Contubernium , Vol. 63), pp. 165-181, ISBN 3-515-08439-8 .
  • Eva Johanna Schauer: Jewish Kabbalah and Christian Faith. The school chart of Princess Antonia zu Württemberg in Bad Teinach. In: Freiburg circular. Journal for Christian-Jewish Encounters 13 (2006), pp. 242–255, online .
  • Eva Johanna Schauer, Eberhard Fritz, Elisabeth Frister (eds.): Education - Faith - Salvation. The legacy of Princess Antonia of Württemberg. The Teinach school chart . Kunstverlag Josef Fink, Lindenberg im Allgäu 2014, ISBN 978-3-89870-885-2 .
  • Johann Lorenz Schmidlin: Pictura docens [teaching table ]. Edited for the first time with the collaboration of Reinhard Gruhl, Inga Woolston, Anne Eusterschulte, Anja Knebusch, Lothar Mundt and Felix Mundt. and translated by Fritz Felgentreu and Widu-Wolfgang Ehlers . frommann-holzboog, Stuttgart-Bad Cannstatt 2007 ( Clavis Pansophiae , Vol. 4), ISBN 978-3-7728-2428-9 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ See the basic presentation by Otto Betz [senior]: Light from the uncreated light. The kabbalistic school chart of Princess Antonia . 3rd edition, edited by Isolde Betz. Verlag Werner Grimm, Tübingen, September 2013; ISBN = 978-3-00-041501-2. - 108 pages, 50 partly full-page pictures.
  2. ↑ Cf. [Johann Valentin Andreae (real name); Pseudonym:] Huldrich StarckMann: A spiritual painting / Darinnen / As in a Contra-fäht is educated / what a pious Christian should practice daily [...] Tübingen MD CXV [1615]. - Historical-critical edition: Johann Valentin Andreae: A spiritual painting . Designed and drawn up by Huldrich StarkMann, minister of the gospel. After the found original Tübingen 1615 ed. by Reinhard Breymayer. Tubingen [1992]. - Cf. also Breymayer: Steinhofer (2012), pp. 87-98 on the text Ein Geistlich Gemäld .
  3. ↑ Cf. Conrad Rotenburger: Biblical summaries about iede and all chapters of the whole holy scriptures [without Paul's letter to Philemon] […]. (Bietigkheim [Bietigheim an der Enz]) 1630. - [Picture Bible with 1444 etchings from the Old and New Testament ]. - [Reprint:] Conrad Rotenburger: Biblical summaries . (Ed. By the Bietigheim-Bissingen History Association) Bietigheim-Bissingen 2011. Cf. Breymayer: Steinhofer (2012), pp. 75–82 on the Biblical Summaries and Rotenburger.
  4. ↑ See also Johann Lorenz Schmidlin: Pictura docens [teaching table ]. Edited for the first time with the collaboration of Reinhard Gruhl, Inga Woolston, Anne Eusterschulte, Anja Knebusch, Lothar Mundt and Felix Mundt. and translated by Fritz Felgentreu and Widu-Wolfgang Ehlers . frommann-holzboog, Stuttgart-Bad Cannstatt 2007 ( Clavis Pansophiae , Vol. 4), ISBN 978-3-7728-2428-9
  5. ↑ See Reinhard Breymayer: On Friedrich Christoph Oetinger's Theologia Emblematica and its Dutch roots. In: Pietism and Réveil. Papers of the international conference: Pietism in the Netherlands and its international relations Zeist June 18-22, 1974 . Edited by J [ohannes] van den Berg and J [an-] P [ieter] van Dooren. With 7 illustrations . Leiden 1978 ( Kerkhistorische Bijdragen , deel 7), pp. 253-281; here pp. 260–263 and p. 276 on Ebermeier's emblem book. - Cf. also Reinhard Breymayer: Friedrich Christoph Oetinger's Theologia Emblematica and the teaching table of Princess Antonia of Württemberg. In: Friedrich Christoph Oetinger: The school chart of the Princess Antonia . Berlin, New York 1977, part 1, pp. 1–30, here p. 3. 15. 23 and p. [269]. [274] to Ebermeier's emblem book.
  6. ↑ See Reinhard Breymayer / Red [action]: Ebermaier, Ebermeier , Johann. In: [Walther] Killy Literature Lexicon. Authors and works from the German-speaking cultural area . 2, completely revised edition, edited by Wilhelm Kühlmann [...], Vol. 3. Berlin, New York (2008), p. 156 f.
  7. ↑ Johann Ebermeier: New Poetic Hope Gärtlein / That is: CCC. [300] and XXX. [30] Symbols of hope [...]. Tübingen M DC. LIII. [1653.]

Web links

Commons : Kabbalistic Wall Chart  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files