Dogfish
| Dogfish | ||||||||||||
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Dogfish ( Squalus acanthias ) |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Squalus acanthias | ||||||||||||
| Linnaeus , 1758 |
The dogfish ( Squalus acanthias ) is a shark from the family of dogfish (Squalidae), it is the most individual species of shark.
The dogfish has a slender, elongated body with a pointed snout. The color of the back and flanks varies from dark gray to brown with white spots, the belly side is light. In front of each of its two dorsal fins there is a pointed thorn - hence the name - which is connected to a poison gland via a furrow. Dogfish grow to be about one meter long and weigh up to ten kilograms, rarely more. They live at a depth of 50 to 200 meters and in earlier times appeared worldwide in huge swarms.
Dogfish can live to be over 20 years old. They only reach sexual maturity after ten years. The females are then about 75 to 90 centimeters long, the males 60 to 80 centimeters long. After internal fertilization through copulation , egg capsules with up to six eggs are formed in the female. The embryos hatch from their egg capsules in the womb and develop in the womb (the uterus ) to a birth size of 20 to 30 centimeters ( ovoviviparia ). After 18 to 22 months, around two to eleven cubs are born.
Because of this slow reproduction, like all other shark species, they are particularly threatened by overfishing and are on the red list of endangered species . In the EU, there is a ban on targeted fishing for the SEAFO Convention area.
As with all cartilaginous fish, the meat is boneless; The back pieces of the dogfish come on the market in Germany as sea eels , the belly flaps are smoked and traded as Schillerlocken , although the stocks in the North Atlantic have declined by 95 percent. Other names for shark products offered in German-speaking countries are veal fish, bacon fish, carbonate fish, Königsaal, sea sturgeon or rock salmon (English: rock salmon).
The shark's muscle meat is usually heavily contaminated with methyl mercury. According to a study by the Institute for Toxicology at the Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel , for example, a portion of 150 g of Schillerlocken exceeds the tolerable daily dose for adults by ten times.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Council Regulation (EU) No. 43/2014 of January 20, 2014 fixing the fishing opportunities for certain fish stocks and groups of stocks in Union waters and for Union vessels in certain non-Union waters in the consolidated version of July 5, 2014 , accessed on 1 July 2014 March 2017
- ^ Vigo in Spain - Thousands of Haitod
- ↑ Hermann Kruse: Mercury enrichment in the Schillerlocke: Toxicity of methylmercury . In: Marine Environment Symposium 2010 , short version, page 23 ( Memento of the original from May 22, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
Web links
- FAO - FIGIS (English)
- Dogfish on Fishbase.org (English)
- Information about the dogfish at www.hai.ch
- Overexploitation of dogfish
- Sharkproject: Project dedicated to the fight for more knowledge about sharks and thus more understanding for the protection of animals
- Squalus acanthias inthe IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017.2. Posted by: Fordham et al. , 2016. Retrieved November 8, 2017.
- Commission Regulation (EC) No. 1046/2009 of 3 November 2009 on a fishing ban for dogfish / ground shark in EC waters of ICES area IIIa for ships flying the flag of Denmark