Kalokyres

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Kalokyres ( ancient Greek Καλοκύρης , also Kalokyros ; † 971 ) was a Byzantine patrician and pretender to the throne .

Life

Kalokyres was the son of the Proteuon of Kherson . In the summer of 967 he was sent by Emperor Nikephorus II with 15 Kentenaria gold to the Kievan Rus in order to win their prince Svyatoslav I for a war alliance against the Bulgarians . Svyatoslav accepted the offer after Kalokyres had also given him the prospect of taking possession of the conquered Bulgarian lands. In return, Kalokyres allegedly received an assurance of arms aid for his own ambitions to become Byzantine emperor.

In the summer of 968 Svyatoslaw crossed the Danube with 60,000 men and conquered most of Bulgaria by the end of 969 with the support of the Hungarian Grand Duke Géza . The new Byzantine emperor Johannes Tzimiskes managed to stop the advance of the Rus on Constantinople in the battle of Arkadiopolis with the help of his generals Bardas Skleros and Petros . In the spring of 971 Kalokyres was in the Bulgarian capital Preslaw , which was occupied by the Rus , when Johannes Tzimiskes advanced with the main Byzantine army against the city. At night he fled to Svyatoslav, who camped with his troops at Dorostolon . There it came to the decisive battle on July 24, 971 . The Rus were defeated and had to evacuate the areas south of the Danube. Kalokyres was captured and executed.

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literature

  • Jean-Claude Cheynet: Pouvoir et contestations à Byzance (963-1210) (= Publications de la Sorbonne. Series Byzantina Sorbonensia. Vol. 9). Reimpression. Publications de la Sorbonne Center de Recherches d'Histoire et de Civilization Byzantines, Paris 1996, ISBN 2-85944-168-5 , p. 22 No. 4.
  • Franz Dölger : Regest of the imperial documents of the Eastern Roman Empire from 565-1453. Part 1, half volume 2: Regesten from 867-1025 (= corpus of Greek documents from the Middle Ages and modern times. Row A: Regesten. Dept. 1, Part 1, half volume 2). 2nd edition revised by Andreas E. Müller . CH Beck, Munich 2003, ISBN 3-406-51351-4 , no.711.
  • Thomas D. Kendrick: A History of the Vikings. Courier Dover Publications, Mineola NY 2004, ISBN 0-486-43396-X .
  • Ralph-Johannes Lilie , Claudia Ludwig, Thomas Pratsch, Beate Zielke, Harald Bichlmeier, Bettina Krönung, Daniel Föller, Alexander Beihammer , Günter Prinzing : Prosopography of the Middle Byzantine Period . 2nd department: (867-1025). Volume 3: Ignatios (# 22713) - Lampudios (# 24268). Created after preliminary work by F. Winkelmann . Published by the Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences. De Gruyter, Berlin 2013, ISBN 978-3-11-016668-2 , p. 464 No. 23631.
  • Alexandru Madgearu: Byzantine Military Organization on the Danube, 10th – 12th Centuries. Brill, Leiden 2013, ISBN 978-9-00-421243-5 , pp. 29-30.
  • Paul Stephenson: Byzantium′s Balkan Frontier: A Political Study of the Northern Balkans 900-1204. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2000, ISBN 0-521-77017-3 , pp. 48-51.

Remarks

  1. ^ Critical to this, Kendrick, History of the Vikings , p. 157.
personal data
SURNAME Kalokyres
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Kalokyros; Καλοκύρης (grcS)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Byzantine patrician and pretender to the throne
DATE OF BIRTH 9th century or 10th century
DATE OF DEATH 971