Karl Türmer

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Karl Türmer

Karl Türmer (born September 14, 1824 in Kunzendorf near Wohlau , Upper Silesia ; † September 23, 1900 in Muromzewo, Sudogda ujesd, Vladimir Gouvernement , Russia ) was a German forester who pioneered sustainable forestry mainly in Russia.

biography

Youth in Germany

Enthusiastic about the forest from an early age, Karl Türmer, who came from a humble background, worked in tree nurseries and foresters even in his youth . After his military service he was a forester from 1846 to 1850 near Magdeburg and later from 1851 to 1853 near Brandenburg , where he was engaged in the reforestation of coniferous forests on sandy soils.

Working in Russia

In 1853 he accepted an invitation from Count Sergei Semjonowitsch Uvarow and initially took over the post of hunting director and finally the management of forestry in the Poretschje estate near Borodino . He was paid 500 rubles a year for looking after over 3,000 hectares of forest . In addition to his actual tasks, Türmer experimented with seed mixtures and non-native tree species (e.g. from Siberia ). He also took over the design of the estate park.

After differences with the new landlord in Poretschie, Türmer took over the office of forestry manager in the Muromzewo estate ( Vladimir province ) with more than 3,000 hectares of forest in 1891/92 . Türmer managed to manage the estate sustainably and at the same time highly profitably. Building on his experiences in Germany and Poretschie, he also relied on mixed plantings and the continuous and holistic care of the forest.

legacy

Surprised by the good reception of his monograph 50 years of forestry practice , written in 1891, Türmer wrote to Count Khrapovitsky in 1900: It is to be hoped that the pace of development in Russian forestry will accelerate. The forest owners will soon see that they are obliged to plant the forest and look after it. Of course no one will deny that Russia is rich in forests. We are still rich in quantity, but not in the quality of the forests. The bad consequences of poor forest management take a long time to show, which can take a century or more. Proper forest management brings tremendous benefit to the people.

Over 840 hectares of the forest he designed in the Vladimir region were declared a natural monument in 1980 , and a memorial stone was erected there in 1999. Furthermore, a village is named after Karl Türmer (Tjurmerovka).

Fonts

  • 50 years of forestry practice / Пятьдесят лет лесохозяйственной практики , 1891

Awards

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Знаменитые династии Судогодского края - Карл Францевич Тюрмер (in Russian)
  2. ^ Letters from Karl Türmer to Count Khrapovitsky (PDF; 30 kB)
personal data
SURNAME Türmer, Karl
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Türmer, Karl Franzewitsch
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German forester
DATE OF BIRTH September 14, 1824
PLACE OF BIRTH Kunzendorf ( Upper Silesia )
DATE OF DEATH September 23, 1900
Place of death Muromzewo ( Russia )