Karthäuserhof (Koblenz)

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The Karthäuserhof (also Berghof or Dechanthof ) was an estate on the Karthauser in Koblenz that was mentioned as early as the 13th century .

history

The first Karthäuserhof was located roughly at today's junction between Simmerner Strasse and Karthäuserhofweg ( position ) and was sold to Archbishop Heinrich II of Trier on October 27, 1285 by Johann, Dean of St. Florian . Presumably, the property previously belonged to the Koblenz Cistercian monastery of St. Marien in the Leer (later the Jesuit college ), whose property largely came from the noble Helfenstein family, so that the Karthäuserhof probably already existed in the first half of the 13th century. A barter of the estate in 1316 came into the possession of the canons on the Beatusberg that in 1331 the Carthusian Order was taken.

The approximately 165 hectare property belonged to the Moselweißer district and was mostly leased. In 1433 the courtyard buildings were rebuilt after a fire. The last tenant since 1797 was Wilhelm Sauer, an innkeeper from Koblenz (at the Mosel Bridge No. 830). After the monastery was closed by the French, the Berghof was auctioned on November 8, 1806. The Koblenz wine merchant Johann Friedrich Deinhard acquired the property for 41,400 francs on behalf of the Hamburg merchant Johann Christian Hey († January 8, 1815 in Koblenz). Hey wanted to modernize the farm and, above all, improve the cultivation methods, but soon failed and sold in 1810 to the merchant Christian Seidensticker (* December 7, 1778 in Clausthal ; † April 13, 1853 in Wülfel ), who had previously been too large by bypassing the continental barrier Wealth had come and in 1810/11 also acquired the buildings of the abolished Carthusian monastery. During the Wars of Liberation , the Prussian military temporarily maintained a hospital in the Berghof. In order to give the guns of the nearby fortress of Emperor Alexander , which has been under construction since 1816, a free field of fire and to offer no protection to an attacker, the estate had to be abandoned. On June 23, 1818, the Prussian state of Seidensticker acquired the former monastery, the Berghof and the property belonging to it for 47,222 thalers. At that time the farm consisted of two large residential buildings with a brandy distillery and a bakery, a shepherd's house, a forge, four stables and a barn.

The land no longer needed for the fortress construction, which had previously been leased, was advertised for sale on September 3, 1823. The seller was obliged to tear down the unused buildings of the old mountain courtyard and to build a new courtyard with sufficient distance to the fortress of Emperor Alexander. On today's Karl-Härle-Straße, a small farm was initially built, which was leased again. In 1840 Ludwig Trapp acquired the property and had a stately building with a house chapel and residential tower as well as a park built from today's children's playground to house number 29 ( position ). Trapp increased the yield through improved cultivation methods and managed the farm until around 1870. This was followed as the owner: Johann Grisar (until around 1883), Hauptmann a. D. Hartwig von Plessen (until about 1892), Peter Werner (until about 1897), first lieutenant a. D. Grimm (until 1899), the Schaefer family from Marburg until 1912. From about the end of the 1890s until 1905, the hotel-restaurant Karthäuserhof was located in part of the manorial property .

On April 1, 1912, the economist Heinrich Härle, who came from Württemberg, and his two sons Eugen and Karl Härle acquired the Karthäuserhof, which was taken over by Karl on July 1, 1912. In 1913 he had the old residential building torn down, replaced by a castle-like new building designed by the architect Franz Roeckle from Frankfurt and converted the courtyard into an industrial model business, which he organized into five departments with his own cultivation area of ​​65 hectares plus 30 hectares of leased land:

  • Milking with initially 44 and later around 100 cattle. After the First World War, it was of great importance for the milk supply in the city of Koblenz. In 1924 a dairy was established with a daily capacity of 8,000 liters of milk, which in the 1930s was expanded to 25,000 liters for the production of fresh milk, butter, cream and cheese and thus became the central dairy for Koblenz.
  • Fruit plantation and vegetable cultivation on 30 hectares with 11,300 bush fruit trees and 6,500 berry bushes. For this purpose, the wasteland on the eastern slope of the Karthauses was cultivated up to the rabbit trail and terraces were created. He had a greenhouse area of ​​3300 m² built for the cultivation of the early vegetables.
  • Viticulture on 10 hectares on the slope of the Affenberg towards the Laubachtal - the so-called Lage Karthäuserhofberger Riesling with 26,000 vines.
  • Arable farming on 55 hectares with a focus on growing grain and early potatoes.
  • Pig fattening with 200 animals per year.

Härle employed around 80 people, for whom he had 48 company apartments built.

At the end of the 1930s, Gut Karthäuserhof was at the forefront of the Rhine province with its milk, new potatoes, vegetables and fruit market.

During the Second World War, the Karthäuserhof was largely destroyed by an air raid on September 21, 1944; this affected all company buildings, 42 company apartments and almost all agricultural machines. On March 17, 1945 the courtyard was occupied by American troops. In the 1940s, Härle was able to partially rebuild with government support.

In 1958 his brother's family sold their share of the farm to the city of Koblenz. For reasons of age and because he had no offspring, Karl Härle finally gave up the business. Long-term employees received cheap building land from him, and on June 2, 1959, he sold his remaining part of the farm to the city for 1.2 million German marks. The cultivation areas were leased until 1962, after which all courtyard buildings were demolished and, as a result, mainly single-family houses were built on the site east of Karthäuserhofweg, Karl-Härle-Straße, Pappelweg and Akazienweg.

literature

  • Karthäuserhof near Coblenz . In: Communications on viticulture, fruit growing and agriculture . tape 3 , no. 1 . Trier April 1926, p. 41-43 ( dilibri.de ).
  • Philipp Seibel: On the history of the Karthauser court . In: Festschrift to celebrate the 25th anniversary of the Catholic community of St. Beatus Koblenz-Karthause . Koblenz 1973, p. 74-77 .
  • Walter Willscheid: The Karthäuserhof in the 20th century . In: Festschrift to celebrate the 25th anniversary of the Catholic community of St. Beatus Koblenz-Karthause . Koblenz 1973, p. 78-83 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Adam Goerz: Mittelrheinische Regesten [from 1273 to 1300] . tape 4 . Koblenz 1886, p. 293 .
  2. ^ Fritz Michel : The art monuments of the city of Koblenz. The profane monuments and their suburbs (=  The art monuments of Rhineland-Palatinate . Volume 1 ). Munich 1954, p. 150 . See on the Marienkloster and the noble family Helfenstein: Franz Nikolaus Klein: Documentary on the history of the Marienkloster in Leer in Coblenz (1242) . In: Program for the autumn school examination and the public speaking and singing exercises in the Royal High School in Coblenz . Koblenz 1847 ( books.google.de ).
  3. ↑ Hans Bellinghausen: 2000 years Koblenz . Boppard 1973, p. 429-430 .
  4. ^ Hans Bellinghausen: The Moselweiser cheese meal at the Berghof near Koblenz . In: Koblenzer Heimatblatt . tape 6 , no. 10 , March 10, 1929 ( dilibri.de ).
  5. ↑ Christian von Stramberg : The banks of the Rhine from Coblenz to the mouth of the Nahe [Der Berghof ...] (=  memorable and useful Rheinischer Antiquarius . Volume 2 , no. 2 ). tape 1 . Koblenz 1851, p. 180-184 ( opacplus.bsb-muenchen.de ). Sebastian Gleixner: From French domain administration to expropriation by Prussia. The prehistory of the Constantine Fort 1802 to 1821 . In: Fort Konstantin. Historic place with a future . Koblenz 2013, ISBN 978-3-936436-24-2 , p. 9–19, here pp. 10–11 .
  6. ↑ Purchase of possessions, called the Karthaus and the Karthauser Berghof, for the creation of a fortress and an exercise area . In: Official Journal of the Royal Government of Coblenz . tape 3 , no. 27 . Koblenz August 4, 1818, p. 196-198 ( opacplus.bsb-muenchen.de ).
  7. ↑ Concerning the sale of the Karthäuser Berghof . In: Official Journal of the Royal Government of Coblenz . tape 8 , no. 37 . Koblenz September 10, 1823, p. 361 ( opacplus.bsb-muenchen.de ).
  8. ↑ Alexander von Lengerke: Agricultural sketches of Rhine Prussia (administrative districts Cöln, Coblenz, Trier) [Carthäuserhof] (=  contributions to the knowledge of agriculture in the royal Prussian states . Volume 5 ). Berlin 1853, p. 92-100 ( books.google.de ).
  9. ↑ Georg Fischbach: Koblenz in old views . tape 2 , no. 102 . Zaltbommel 1989 (The photo from the 1890s shows the manor house during its use as the Karthäuserhof hotel and restaurant ).
  10. ^ Helmut Schnatz: The aerial warfare in the Koblenz area 1944/45 . Boppard 1981, p. 198-199 .
  11. ^ Karl Härle: The days from March 6 to 27, 1945 at the Karthauser Hof in Koblenz . In: Cultural Department of the City of Koblenz (ed.): 1945–1949: End of the war and a new beginning in Koblenz (=  Koblenz contributions to history and culture . Volume 6 ). Koblenz 1996, p. 121-125 .