Cathedral of the Assumption (Pinsk)
The Cathedral Basilica of the Assumption of the Virgin ( Belarusian катэдральны Унебаўзяцця Найсвяцейшай Панны Марыі ) or Cathedral of Pinsk is a Roman Catholic cathedral in Pinsk , Belarus with the additional title of a minor basilica . The baroque church near the Pina is the seat of the Pinsk diocese . The former monastery church and the adjoining Franciscan monastery are baroque buildings that form a monument of national importance.
history
The first wooden church and monastery were built in 1396 by order of Yaropolk Jurjewitsch, Prince of Pinsk, and his wife Anna. The complex was consecrated by the first bishop of Vilnius , Andreas I. Vasila.
In 1445 the Grand Duke of Lithuania, Casimir IV. Andrew transferred some villages into the possession of the Franciscan monastery, and other donations followed. The church burned repeatedly in the 16th and 17th centuries and was rebuilt in wood. The church was set on fire on November 9, 1648 during the Protestant storm on the city, before it was sacked by Cossacks and townspeople. According to the inventory books, the crowd broke into the church, destroyed the altars, tore down the icons, broke the windows and took everything valuable from the sacristy. It was rebuilt in 1651.
During the Great Northern War , the monastery was again burned down by the Swedes in 1705. After they left Pinsk, the construction of a brick church began around 1712. In 1730 the consecration took place. The facade of the church was completed from 1766 to 1769, at the same time the two-story monastery building was completed.
In 1817, a three-story stone bell tower was built in front of the church by the architect K. Kamensky, the fourth floor of which was completed at the beginning of the 20th century. The monastery was dissolved under Russian rule in 1835, and the monastery church became a parish church. The monastery was reopened in the Polish interim in 1920 and the restoration was completed in 1939. With the establishment of the then Polish diocese of Pinsk, the church was elevated to a cathedral in 1925. From 1940 to 1992 it was closed by the Soviet authorities. On April 13, 1991 Archbishop of Minsk Kazimierz Świątek was appointed Apostolic Administrator of the Diocese of Pinsk, who was later buried in the cathedral. The church was given the title of a minor basilica in 1996 by Pope John Paul II.
architecture
The church is a three-aisled basilica with extremely narrow aisles, which are separated into individual flat chapels by solid partition walls. The choir is closed by a semicircular apse . The main nave and choir are provided with a barrel vault, over which a roof turret was erected. The main facade is richly decorated. It is divided into three levels and is closed off by a high gable with square towers on both sides. The facade is adorned with pilasters with cornices, niches and belts.
Furnishing
The most important part of the church equipment is the main altar, a triangular portico. In the middle, which is vertically divided into three fields by four spiral columns, is a 4 × 2 m painting of the Assumption , a copy by Bartolomé Esteban Murillo . On the sides are sculptures of the apostles Peter and Paul. Her clothes have deep folds in relief covered with gold and silver. In the altar is the high relief stigma of St. Francis , which is said to have been written between 1766 and 1817.
In the chapels of the side aisles there are further altars, some from the 18th century. In 1909, the painter S. Rudinsky painted the vaults with ornamental motifs and the choir was decorated with frescoes. The artist Alfred Izydor Römer was involved in creating the pictures of the side altars in the early twentieth century , and his Pinsker Madonna is the main attraction of the church.
In 1837 an organ was installed in the Franciscan Church by Adalbertus Grodnicki from Vilnius, which is now the oldest playable organ in Belarus. The organ has 1049 voices, 36 registers, two manuals, 1½ octaves and 1498 pipes with a length of up to four meters.
Individual evidence
- ↑ катэдральны Унебаўзяцця Найсвяцейшай Панны Марыі on gcatholic.org
- ↑ Shrine on the pina bank at pinsk.gov.by
- ^ A b c André Böhm, Maryna Rakhlei: Belarus: With Minsk, Brest, Hrodna, Homel, Mahiljoŭ and Vicebsk. Retrieved April 8, 2018 .
Web links
Coordinates: 52 ° 6 '28.1 " N , 26 ° 5' 42" E