calico

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Calico (from Arabic قطن, DMG quṭn  ' cotton ') is a smooth and relatively dense cotton fabric in a plain weave . The monochrome or printed material can also consist of man-made fibers - yarns be made.

species

White calico, intended for printing, forms the raw calico, which also includes chamber cloth and schirting . Plain, striped and smooth calico are called sarsenets and feed canvas. Printed calico (in England mostly Kalikos , in France indiennes ) formed one of the most important articles of the weaving and printing industry in England , Germany , France and Switzerland from the end of the 17th century . They originally came to Europe as handicraft from India . Machine production in Europe later developed to such an extent that European calico replaced handicraft there in India.

Finer varieties of calico are also called teat , the coarser ones were sold as single-colored calico (for inner lining ).

history

According to Herodotus, the first traces of the manufacture of cotton items are to be found among peoples in the region of the Caspian Sea , then among the Egyptians , from whom this art passed to the Indians. These drove as early as 138 BC. With printed and painted cotton fabrics trade to China . Up to the end of the last century the East Indian calico was distinguished from others by the vividness and firmness of the colors, advantages which the Indians brought about by carefully preparing the colors and preparing the calico to accept the color.

The English word cotton (for simple cotton) is related to the term calico .

literature

  • Charles O'Brien: General manual for Callico , Cambric , Ziz, calico and canvas printers as well as for the manufacturers of these goods. Translated and edited by Christian Ludwig Seebaß and Sigismund Friedrich Hermbstädt. Baumgärtner, Leipzig 1805.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b calico. stofflexikon.com, accessed on October 5, 2019 .
  2. ↑ Calico . In: Heinrich August Pierer , Julius Löbe (Hrsg.): Universal Lexicon of the Present and the Past . 4th edition. tape 9 . Altenburg 1860, p. 383-386 ( zeno.org ).