Core lobe

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The division of living beings into systematics is a continuous subject of research. Different systematic classifications exist side by side and one after the other. The taxon treated here has become obsolete due to new research or is not part of the group systematics presented in the German-language Wikipedia.

Some parasitic fungi are summarized under the vague term core lobes . They belong to the Ascomycetes (hose fungi). Originally all of these species were grouped in the genus Cordyceps (Fam.  Cordycipitaceae , previously Clavitipitaceae). In the meantime, many core lobes have been relocated to two new genera that belong to a different family, the Ophiocordycipitaceae (see below), so the “core lobe” could not be kept as a taxon. Most species are rarely found in Central Europe.

features

The fungi parasitize deer truffles ( Elaphomyces ), in rare cases, root truffles ( Rhizopogon ) or insects or spiders . The fruiting bodies (stromata) consist of a stem and a fertile head in which the perithecia are located. The former is usually longer than the depth under the earth's surface in which the host lies. In the asci there are eight long thread-like and septate spores; the septa arise when the spores mature. Its distance is of great importance for the determination, but measuring spores that are still in the asci can lead to errors.

Many core lobes, like numerous other Ascomycetes, occur in a secondary crop form ( anamorphic ). These were often described under a different name than the main fruit forms ( teleomorphs ). Establishing the relationship between the two manifestations is usually difficult, as they do not look similar to each other and rarely appear together.

ecology

The ripe spores of the mushrooms float in the air, from where the hosts are infected. It is assumed that the spore will be stimulated to germinate once it has come into contact with the correct host. There the fungus then spreads, killing the host within a few days. Insects are then completely permeated by the mycelium and appear to be mummified . The mushroom then forms its fruiting body when conditions are favorable.

The core club species that parasitize in truffles have not specialized in any particular type of truffle. The species that grow in insects and spiders, on the other hand, are very loyal. They are rarely found on animals other than typical.

Systematics

Over 400 species have been described worldwide, the majority of which parasitize insects and spiders and are known from the tropics and Asia. About 20 species are given for Western Europe. The following list offers a selection.

swell

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Sung, Gi-Ho, Hywel-Jones, Nigel L., Sung, Jae-Mo, Luangsa-ard, J. Jennifer, Shrestha, Bhushan, Spatafora, Joseph W .: Phylogenetic classification of Cordyceps and the clavicipitaceous fungi In : Stud Mycol 2007 57: 5-59, Paper Online
  2. ^ Daniela Albat: Externally controlled : Useful means of transport , dossier article on scinexx from April 26, 2019

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