Kim Tong-ni

Kim Tong-ni
Hangeul	김동리
Hanja	金 東 里
Revised Romanization	Gim Dong-ni
McCune- Reischauer	Kim Tong-ni
See also : Korean name

Kim Tong-ni (born November 24, 1913 in Kyŏngju , Kyŏngsangbuk-do , † June 17, 1995 in Seoul ) was a South Korean writer and poet .

Life

Kim Tong-ni (born Kim Si-jong [김시종 | 金 始 鍾]) was born on November 24, 1913 in Kyŏngju , Kyŏngsangbuk-do . He attended Kyesŏng Middle School in Taegu , but later switched to Kyŏngsin Middle School in Seoul . In 1928 he dropped out of school to devote himself fully to writing. He began his career as a poet. He made his debut in 1934 with the publication of the poem White Heron (백로 [白鷺]) in the newspaper Chosun Ilbo and emerged as a novelist the next year when his story The Descendant of the Hwarang (화랑 [花 郎] 의 후예 [後裔]) im JoongAng Ilbo was released. As a more right-wing writer and proponent of 'pure literature', he wrote a series of critical essays that oppose ideological literature. He was also active in various organizations such as the Association of Young Korean Writers (한국 청년 문학가 협회 | 韓國 青年 文學家 協會), the Art Academy of the Republic of Korea (대한민국 예술원) and the Association of Korean Writers (한국 문인 협회). He died on June 17, 1995 in Seoul.

Kim's literary world, characterized by a mixture of traditional mysticism and human realism, explores the idea of ​​destiny and the place of man in the universe through the spiritual world of Korean tradition as soon as it collides with foreign culture. His early works, in particular, rely heavily on elements of traditional myths to explore the relationships between shamanism and Confucianism, Christianity and Buddhism, and fatalism and naturalism. In the post-horse (역마 [驛馬]), the story of a man is described who rebels against it, to accept his destiny as a wanderer final; The portrait of the female shaman (무녀도 [巫女 圖]), a work which was later expanded into the novel Ulhwa, the female shaman (을화 [乙 火]), describes the conflict between a mother who is a shaman and her Christian son. With the mother's suicide, the narrator predicts the decline of shamanism and the rise of newly imported Christianity.

After the Korean War, Kim expanded his subject matter to include political disputes and the resulting suffering of the people during the Korean War. Evacuation from Hŭngnam (흥남 철수) deals with the conflict between democracy and communism and is based on the real fact of the withdrawal of UN troops from the city of Hŭngnam during the war. Dance of Existence (실존 무 [實 存 舞]) tells a love story between a North Korean man and a South Korean woman, whose relationship ends abruptly when the man's wife from North Korea reappears. Some critics argue that Kim lacks historical awareness and understanding of contemporary reality, but he is undoubtedly a contributor to the development of Korean literature and language.

Work

Korean (selection)

Volumes of stories

• 무녀도 ( 巫女 圖 ) The Portrait of the Shaman (1946)
• 황토 기 ( 黃土 記 ) Stories of the Yellow Earth (1949)
• 귀환 장정 ( 歸還 壯丁 ) The Returning Recruit (1950)
• 실존 무 ( 實 存 舞 ) Dance of Existence (1958)
• 등신불 ( 等 身佛 ) The life-size Buddha statue (1963)

Novels

• 사반 의 십자가 (十字架) The Cross of Shaphan (1957)
• 을화 (乙 火) Ulhwa, the shaman (1984)

Critical essays

• 문학 (文學) 과 인간 (人間) Literature and Humanity (1948)
• 문학 개론 (文學 槪 論) Introduction to literature (1952)

Essay collections

• 자연 (自然) 과 인생 (人生) Nature and Life (1966)

Others

• 팥죽 rice porridge with red beans (1938)
• 소년 (少年) youth (1940)
• 지연 기 (紙鳶 記) Tales of a Paper Kite (1947)
• 한내 마을 의 전설 (傳說) The legend of Hannae village (1950)
• 해바라기 Sunflower (1953)
• 여수 (旅 愁) Travel Melancholy (1955)
• 원 왕생가 (願 往生 歌) The Wŏnwangsaeng Song (1955)
• 춘추 (春秋) Spring and Autumn (1957)
• 꽃 Flowers (1958)
• 광주 (光州) 에서 In Kwangju (1959)
• 당고개 무당 The Shaman from Tanggogae (1959)
• 이곳 에 던져 지다 Throw Here (1960)
• 천사 (天使) Angel (1962)
• 해풍 (海風) sea ​​breeze (1963)
• 심장 (心臟) 비 맞다 It's raining in the heart (1964)
• 송추 (松 湫) 에서 In Songch'u (1966)
• 까치 소리 The Lute of the Magpie (1966)
• 석 노인 (石 老人) The stone old man (1967)
• 극락조 (極樂鳥) Bird of Paradise (1968)
• 김동리 선집 (金 東 里 選集) Collected Works of Kim Tong-ni (1968)

Film adaptations

• 황토 기 Tales of the Yellow Earth (1979)
• 을화 Ŭlhwa (1979)
• 극락조 Bird of Paradise (1975)
• 무녀도 The Portrait of the Shaman (1972)
• 역마 The Post Horse (1967)
• 까치 소리 The Lute of the Magpie (1967)

Translations

German

• Ulhwa, the shaman (을화), Pendragon (2005) ISBN 978-3865320261

English

• The Green Prodigals (현대 소설 선 <탕진>) in CRNLE writers series , Flinders University Center for Research in the New Literatures in English (1989)
• The Shaman Sorceress (을화), Routledge (1989) ISBN 978-0710302809
• The Cross of Shaphan (사반 의 십자가), Pace International Research (1983) ISBN 978-0892092000
• ULHWA the Shaman (을화), Larchwood Publication (1979)
• A moment's grace: stories from Korea in translation (한국 현대 단편선), Cornell East Asia Series (2010) ISBN 978-1933947181

French

• La Croix de Schaphan (사반 의 십자가), Editions le Leopard d'or (1983)
• La Chamane (을화), Paris Maisonneuve [et] Larose (2001) ISBN 9782706814624

Awards

• 1983 - 5.16 민족 문학상 ( Prize for National Literature of May 16 )
• 1970 - 국민 훈장 모란장 ( Moran Order of Merit )
• 1970 - 서울시 문화상 ( Seoul City Culture Prize )
• 1967 - 3.1 문화상 예술 부문 본상 ( Samil Culture Prize in the Art Category )
• 1958 - 국민 훈장 동백장 ( Tongbaek Order of Merit )
• 1958 - 예술원 문학 부문 작품상 ( Prize for the best work of the art academy in the literature category )
• 1955 - 아시아 자유 문학상 ( Asian Freedom Prize for Literature )

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Korean Literature Authors Name Authority Database: 김동리 ( Memento of the original from October 6, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . Retrieved February 10, 2014. 
2. ↑ Doosan Encyclopedia on Naver : 김동리 [金 東 里] . Retrieved February 10, 2014 (Korean).
3. ↑ Author Database of LTI Korea: Kim Tong-ni ( Memento of the original from June 7, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . Retrieved February 10, 2014. 
4. ↑ EncyKorea on Naver : 김동리 [金 東 里] . Retrieved February 10, 2014 (Korean).

Note: This article places the family name before the person's first name. This is the usual order in Korean. Kim is the family name here, Tong-ni is the first name.